Category: Writing

The middle layer of the gallbladder wall is the:
a. Fibromuscular layer
b. Mucosal layer
c. Serosal layer
d. Muscularis layer

Inflammation of the bile ducts is referred to as:
a. Pneumobilia
b. Choledocholithiasis
c. Cholelithiasis
d. Cholangitis

A 71-year-old patient presents to the emergency department
with painless jaundice and an enlarged, palpable gallbladder. These findings
are highly suspicious for:
sa. Acute cholecystitis
b. Chronic cholecystitis c. Courvoisier gallbladder
d. Porcelain gallbladder

The merging point of the pancreatic duct and common bile
duct at the level of duodenum is referred to as the:
a. Sphincter of Oddi
b. Ampulla of Vater
c. Common bile duct
d. Cystic duct

All of the following are clinical findings of hepatocellular
carcinoma except:
a. Reduction in a-fetoprotein
b. Unexplained weight loss
c. Fever
d. Cirrhosis

Courvoisier’s gallbladder is associated with which of the
following:
a. A pancreatic head mass
b. A stone in the cystic duct
c. Cholecystitis
d. Chronic diverticulitis

All of the following are sequela of cirrhosis except:
a. Portal vein thrombosis
b. Hepatic artery enlargement
c. Portal hypertension
d. Splenomegaly

Cholesterol crystals within the Rokitansky–Aschoff sinuses
are found with:
a. Acute cholecystitis
b. Acalculous cholecystitis
c. Adenomyomatosis
d. Gallbladder perforation

Focal tenderness over the gallbladder with probe pressure
describes:
a. Murphy sign
b. Strawberry sign
c. Courvoisier sign
d. Hydrops sign

A nonmobile, nonshadowing focus is seen within the
gallbladder lumen. This most likely represents a:
a. Gallstone
b. Gallbladder carcinoma
c. Gallbladder polyp
d. Sludge ball