Broccoli (
Brassica oleracea
) is wild form of Brassicaceae family. It is a member of Cole group having chromosome number (2n=18, x=9). The word “Cole” means a group of highly differentiated plants initiated from one wild Brassica oleracea var. oleracea (Sylvestris L.) commonly known as wild cabbage (Bose and Som, 1986). Other similar plants in the species
Brassica oleracea
include Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, kale, and kohlrabi.Broccoli is a derived from cabbage, and was selected for its edible, immature flower heads.The flower buds are green or purple, are picked before they open, and can be eaten raw or cooked.Broccoli sprouts are also edible, consumed raw, and area popular health food in the U.S. Broccoli bear a resemblance to the vegetable cauliflower, which is the same species as broccoli,
Brassica oleracea,
but a different cultivar, though broccoli is green relatively than white cauliflower. It is an Italian variety and its main area is Mediterranean. Broccoli (
Brassica oleracea
) belongs to the genus Brassica, and family Brassicaceae which includes a wide range of crop plants derived from the Mediterranean Sea cabbage and improved over the years by selection and breeding (Decoteau,2000).
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