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Childhood apraxia of speech is marked by an increase in
errors on sound classes involving more complex oral gestures. Based on simple
to complex oral gestures (for example, number of syllables, presence of
consonant clusters) rank order the following words: street, butterfly, big,
spreads, fig, caterpillar, no, baseball.
Children with CAS could have
difficulty identifying rhymes and syllables. Which area of development do these
tasks represent? Based on difficulties with rhyming and syllabification, are
there other problems for which these children might be at risk?

In the speech of children with a cleft palate, a middorsal palatal stop can be a compensatory articulation for [t], [d], [k], and [?]. Based on the production features between these sounds, what would you want to do in therapy to achieve [t] and [d]? [k] and [?]? (Refer to Table 11.3.)
Pick one of the compensatory articulation errors for fricatives. Explain how you would want to change the production features between that compensatory articulation and [s] and [z]. Be as specific as possible.

Which early words could you target that would meet the
criteria of numbers 2 and 3 in the Dunn and Newton (1994) guidelines? How could
you establish a suprasegmental base and use these words in therapy?

For the adult with apraxia of speech: Errors increase as the
distance between successive points of articulation increases, and errors
increase on consonants that require more precise articulatory adjustments.
If you are working on consonant clusters, list five CC
clusters that should be relatively easy for an adult with apraxia of speech and
five CC clusters that would be relatively difficult.

According to Dworkin (1991), an ordering of subsystems is
worked on in a progressive fashion. The first-order subsystem consists of
respiration and phonation.
Explain why these would be first-order subsystems. How do
the other subsystems build on these first-order ones?
Based on information in your other textbooks or readings,
what are some specific practical techniques you could implement to treat the
firstorder subsystems?