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Essay question
Historian Eric Foner wrote, “For whites, freedom, no matter how defined, was a given, a birthright to be defended. For African Americans, it was an open-ended process, a transformation of every aspect of their lives and of the society and culture that had sustained slavery in the first place.” Support this statement. Be detailed.

QUESTION 1
The primary purpose for completing a thorough literature review as part of a research study is to:
become an expert in your area of interest.
provide evidence that your hypothesis is correct.
help you interpret your own findings.
point you toward the proper method to use.
QUESTION 2
Jane wants to search for information about the variety of attention disorders that are seen in childhood. Which of the following sets of keywords would best get Jane started on an effective and efficient search?
“attention disorders”
“ADHD,” “ADD,” and “children”
“disorders” and “children”
“attention disorders” and “children”
QUESTION 3
A well-structured literature review:
contains highly detailed descriptions of each work chosen for inclusion in the review.
begins with those studies most closely related to the research problem, then opens up to a broader perspective.
begins with broad/general information, then narrows the focus to those studies most closely related to the research problem.
contains general summaries of each work chosen for inclusion in the review.
QUESTION 4
The review of the literature can be curtailed when:
you are no longer encountering new ideas or information.
all of the work done by top researchers in the area has been reviewed.
all published work related to a topic has been reviewed.
two to four weeks have been devoted to the search.
QUESTION 5
A well-written literature review:
avoids evaluation or critique of the literature reviewed, so as not to bias the opinion of the reader.
emphasizes critique and synthesis of the work of others that is related to your own research problem.
avoids summarizing the work of others so that details of the original work are not lost in the reviewing process.
emphasizes detailed reporting of each piece of research included in the literature review.
QUESTION 6
Typically, the literature review should:
include few or no works more than five years old to avoid having the work become prematurely obsolete.
be limited to work coming out of the very best labs and universities in the country.
give a broad overview of the area, without getting bogged down in the details of particular studies or theoretical perspectives.
emphasize how the studies being reviewed are related to the research problem under consideration.
QUESTION 7
While reading articles published in refereed journals about her research topic, Georgia repeatedly comes across references to a series of studies by one particular researcher. She’s unable to find those references in the collections of her university library. Her best plan of action would be to:
Summarize the research, noting the references were “cited by” the articles she did read.
Include the references in her reference list but not cite them in the text.
put in a request through the library loan program.
Search the Internet for copies that may have been posted.
QUESTION 8
Shar has read only about 20 refereed articles that relate to her primary research topic, but she’s finding that they tend to focus on the same basic patterns and arguments. Her best plan of action at this point is to:
stop reading; it’s time to bring the literature review to a close.
reconsider her search terms and look more broadly for additional research articles.
search for non-refereed articles that may contain useful information.
email the authors of the articles she’s found and ask for additional sources.
QUESTION 9
The best way to organize a review of the literature is:
Chronologically, with the earliest research first.
Chronologically, with the most recent research first.
Thematically, with an emphasis on how the literature relates to your question.
Critically, identifying flaws in previous studies that make your question relevant.
QUESTION 10
While reading and taking notes on research in her area of interest, Dana wrote down quotations from each article, along with the page numbers. As she begins to synthesize the information and write her literature review, her best strategy is to:
include the quotations and their sources to ensure she’s correctly representing the previous findings.
paraphrase the quotations to demonstrate she understands the content. If it’s paraphrased, she does not need citations.
use key quotations, with full references, and then explain what they mean in the context of her research.
summarize the main points in her own words and include the relevant citations to the original work.

Question 1 (Essay Worth 100 points)
[MC]
“I Sit and Look Out”
Walt Whitman
I Sit and look out upon all the sorrows of the world, and upon all oppression and shame;
I hear secret convulsive sobs from young men, at anguish with themselves, remorseful after deeds done;
I see, in low life, the mother misused by her children, dying, neglected, gaunt, desperate;
I see the wife misused by her husband—I see the treacherous seducer of young women;
I mark the ranklings of jealousy and unrequited love, attempted to be hid—I see these sights on the earth;
I see the workings of battle, pestilence, tyranny—I see martyrs and prisoners;
I observe a famine at sea—I observe the sailors casting lots who shall be kill'd, to preserve the lives of the rest;
I observe the slights and degradations cast by arrogant persons upon laborers, the poor, and upon negroes, and the like;
All these—All the meanness and agony without end, I sitting, look out upon,
See, hear, and am silent.
“First they came for…”
Martin Niemöller
First they came for the Socialists, and I did not speak out-—
Because I was not a Socialist.
Then they came for the Trade Unionists, and I did not speak out—
Because I was not a Trade Unionist.
Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out—
Because I was not a Jew.
Then they came for me—and there was no one left to speak for me.
Use the excerpts above to write an essay, at least two paragraphs, supporting the question below. Remember to clearly state your main point and use quotes from the text to support your response, using the proper MLA format.
How do Niemöller's words in “First they came for…” repeat the theme developed in “I Sit and Look Out” by Walt Whitman?

Thomas Jefferson believed in what historians have described as the ideology of the “Republican Man.”  Describe this ideology and discuss how it is reflected in his design for his home, Monticello.
This is for a discussion board and answer must be decribed in 250 words or more.

i. Why did the boxers want so badly to oust all foreigners from their country? Did they seem to want all foreigners evicted or killed?
ii. Why did fei ch’i-hao fear the local governor so much? What had the governor done to earn that fear?
iii. How did fei ch’i-hao feel about the missionaries with whom he stayed?
iv. What methods did the missionaries use to try to escape from the city and province? In what ways were their plans thwarted? What happened to them in the end?

What was the narrator’s former job in Albany?
A. politician
B. TV reporter
C. newspaper editor-in-chief
D. photojournalist

Enfoque cultural: Información básica sobre Venezuela
Complete the paragraph about Venezuela with the appropriate words from the list.
Américo Vespucio
arepa
cacao
Salto Ángel
tepuis
Venecia
1)
El nombre de Venezuela está relacionado con (1) porque el  descubridor (2) le dio el nombre al país cuando vio unas casas como las de la  ciudad italiana. Unos de los lugares más impresionantes de Venezuela son  la catarata más alta del mundo, el (3) y los (4), unas montañas planas que son las formaciones más antiguas del planeta. La comida típica  venezolana es la (5). Los venezolanos la rellenan con pollo, queso y otros ingredientes. Al contrario de lo que piensa mucha gente, el producto exclusivo que más exporta Venezuela no es el petróleo, sino el (6). ¡Qué país tan interesante es Venezuela!
Vocabulario en contexto: La ropa
Look at the pictures and then label each item of clothing. Include the definite article in your responses (
el, la, los, las
).
Funciones y formas: Un día de compras
Complete the following paragraph with the verbs from the list. Be sure to write the appropriate form of the verb in the preterit.
14)
El domingo pasado, mi novia Marcela, su hermana Clara y yo fuimos   al centro comercial a comprar ropa. Nosotros (1) a las nueve y media y   (2) al centro comercial a las diez. Primero entramos a la tienda Zara y allí Marcela (3)  un vestido muy bonito. Después, Marcela y su hermana (4)  bebieron un refresco en  una cafetería. Yo (5) encontré una tienda de ropa magnífica. (6)       unos pantalones perfectos y los (7) con tarjeta de crédito. ¡Los  pantalones (8) mucho dinero! Finalmente, después de comprar todo el día, Marcela, Clara y yo fuimos a casa. Por la noche, Marcela y Clara (9) y yo  (10) la televisión.
Funciones y formas: ¡Un día con mucho que hacer!
Listen to Gustavo as he talks about his day. Indicate who did the following activities.
15)
Levantó pesas en el gimnasio.
16)
Asistieron a la clase de física.
17)
Estudiaron para el examen de la clase de inglés.
18)
Compró un regalo de cumpleaños.
19)
Bailó toda la noche.
20)
Cantaron en un concurso de karaoke.
Funciones y formas: ¿Quién fue?
Ernesto arrives home and finds the house very dirty. Complete the following conversation between him and his wife with the preterit form of the verb
ser.
21)
ERNESTO:
¡Todo está sucio! ¿Quién hizo (
did
) esto? ¿(1) Juan?
BELÉN:
No, él estudió toda la mañana en la biblioteca.
ERNESTO:
¿(2) los gemelos?
BELÉN:
No, ellos jugaron en el jardín.
ERNESTO:
¿(3) tú?
BELÉN:
¡No, por supuesto que no!
ERNESTO:
Yo no (4), obviamente. Entonces…
BELÉN:
(5) el perro.
Funciones y formas: ¿Adónde fueron de vacaciones?
Listen to the statements from a group of tourists about what they did on their vacation in Venezuela. Match each statement with the place the tourists most likely went.
22)
Funciones y formas: Regalos de Venezuela
Alejandro just came back from Venezuela and is writing about all the gifts that he bought for his family and friends. Complete the sentences with the appropriate indirect object pronoun.
23)
Mi viaje a Venezuela fue fantástico y les compré muchas cosas a   mis familiares y amigos. Mis hermanos leen mucho en español; (1) compré a       ellos unos libros de autores contemporáneos. A mi primo le encanta el       béisbol; (2) compré un álbum de jugadores de béisbol venezolanos de la última  temporada. Mi padre es el chef de la casa; (3) traje harina para hacer       arepas y un libro de recetas típicas del país. A mi madre (4) regalé unos       aretes muy bonitos que vi en una tienda de artesanía. Para mí (5) compré       un bolso de cuero muy bonito y a ti (6) traje estos chocolates  venezolanos que son deliciosos.
Funciones y formas: Gustos familiares
Complete the sentences by matching each person with the clothing or accessories he/she likes.
24)
Funciones y formas: Cosas de familia
The following are some facts about Elena’s family. Select the option that best completes each of her statements.
25)
Mi hermana Alejandra es muy generosa. Ella ___.
26)
Mi prima Lucrecia tiene un examen de geografía. Ella ___.
27)
El abuelo Óscar murió el año pasado. Él ___.
28)
Esta clase no es interesante. Los estudiantes siempre ___.
29)
Mi tía Patricia tiene mucho dinero. Ella ___.
Funciones y formas: El profesor de historia
You are going to interview a history professor who has come to your university to give a lecture. Write the questions, using the verbs ser or estar, that you need to ask to find out the following information.
30)
nacionalidad
31)
especialización
32)
personalidad
33)
emociones en este momento
34)
proyectos en progreso (
ongoing projects
)
Funciones y formas: Mi amigo Pedro
Complete the following description with the appropriate forms of the verbs
ser
or
estar.
35)
Mi amigo Pedro (1)  de Bolivia, pero ahora vive en  Caracas. Él estudia matemáticas en la universidad. En mi opinión, las  matemáticas (2)  muy aburridas, pero a él le gustan mucho. Normalmente, Pedro (3)  muy tranquilo,       pero hoy (4) preparando un examen y por esto (5) muy nervioso. Él (6)  muy listo,  pero siempre tiene miedo antes de un examen. En estas situaciones, Pedro  no duerme ni come. Yo siempre le digo: “Eso no (7) bueno para ti”, ¡pero  él no me escucha!