Category: Nursing

Integrating Theories Essay Discussion

Week 8 Integrating Theories Discussion

Integrating Theories Discussion

Now that you have studied 11 therapy models, what criteria could you develop to create your own integrative approach to counseling? What basis do you have for including or excluding certain major concepts of the various approaches? How could you evaluate the effectiveness of your approach?

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Integrating Theories Discussion

Please no plagiarism and make sure you are able to access all resource on your own before you bid. Main references come from Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018) and/or American Psychiatric Association. (2013). You need to have scholarly support for any claim of fact or recommendation regarding treatment Integrating Theories Essay Discussion. I have also attached my discussion rubric so you can see how to make full points. Please respond to all 3 of my classmates separately with
separate
references for each response. You need to have scholarly support for any claim of fact or recommendation like peer-reviewed, professional scholarly journals. If you draw from the internet, I encourage you to use websites from the major mental health professional associations (American Counseling Association, American Psychological Association, etc.) or federal agencies (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), etc.). I need this completed by 04/19/19 at 7pm. Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

Expectation: Integrating Theories Discussion

Responses to peers. Note that this is measured by both the quantity and quality of your posts. Does your post contribute to continuing the discussion? Are your ideas supported with citations from the learning resources and other scholarly sources? Note that citations are expected for both your main post and your response posts. Note also, that, although it is often helpful and important to provide one or two sentence responses thanking somebody or supporting them or commiserating with them, those types of responses do not always further the discussion as much as they check in with the author. Such responses are appropriate and encouraged; however, they should be considered supplemental to more substantive responses, not sufficient by themselves.

Read
 a your colleagues’ postings. 
Respond 
to your colleagues’ postings.

Respond in one or more of the following ways:

· Ask a probing question Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

· Share an insight gained from having read your colleague’s posting.

· Offer and support an opinion.

· Validate an idea with your own experience.

· Make a suggestion.

· Expand on your colleague’s posting.

1.
 
Classmate (N. Pra)

Strengths

One major strength with an integrated treatment approach is that a client may receive services at one location. Typically it is much more difficult to treat a client who struggles with a co-occurring disorder, whether that is because they do not attend treatment regularly, relapse, or another perceived obstacle. Having a treatment facility that tackles all areas does make it significantly easier for a client to maintain their mental health and sobriety. A second strength is that this approach is not only holistic in nature, but it strengthens the continuity of care between the treatment team and client. Being all-encompassing, a client can work with their therapist in individual counseling, attend a recovery group with another, and/or see a psychiatrist for their medications (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018). Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

Weaknesses

One weakness of the integrated treatment approach (and counseling those with dual-diagnoses), is that many have a high probability of being homeless, and unemployed. Without a steady flow of finances, and reliable transportation, showing up to scheduled appointment times can become nearly impossible. Case-management services could be used to link the client up with local and federal resources, but sometimes these will fall short, especially if the client suffers from a severe mental illness, such as schizophrenia (Moore, Young, Barrett, & Ochshorn, 2009). A second weakness is how difficult it is to utilize an integrated approach with untrained staff. Many therapists and psychiatrists are untrained with co-occurring disorders, and provide inadequate treatment Integrating Theories Essay Discussion. It can be very costly, and time-consuming to train, and get every staff member on board, and many organizations simply do not have these finances or resources (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018).

Conceptualize

My client’s name is Pete, a thirty year old, white male. He has been struggling with depression since he was fourteen, and after his parent’s divorce at sixteen, he began abusing prescription pills. By the time he was twenty, he had graduated to heroin, and cocaine. At twenty-three he overdosed on a speedball, and after recovering at the hospital, he entered a rehabilitation clinic. Over the next five years, Pete has been in and out of the rehab. He has relapsed four times, but continues to seek a clean life. He has not used in the last eight months, and as his year mark creeps up, he feels that he will fail again. Lately his depression has worsened, and he has gotten into the habit of self-harming (burning or pinching himself) when he becomes triggered. Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

In this case, Pete has been struggling with his mental illness and substance abuse for a long time. Using techniques to curb his severe depression, and self-harm like Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) will do wonders on his self-esteem, and identity. Tackling his substance abuse with weekly group meetings, and other positive, and supportive outlets will help him keep on the track to sobriety. Having trained staff, like a psychiatrist, or nurse practitioner can also help Pete, but this avenue will have to be monitored closely, if not avoided due to his past (McKee, Harris, & Cormier, 2013) Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

References

McKee, S., Harris, G., & Cormier, C. (2013). Implementing Residential Integrated Treatment for Co-occurring Disorders. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 9(3), 249–259. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1080/15504263.2013.807073

Moore, K., Young, M. S., Barrett, B., & Ochshorn, E. (2009). A 12-Month Follow-Up Evaluation of Integrated Treatment for Homeless Individuals With Co-Occurring Disorders. Journal of Social Service Research, 35(4), 322–335. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1080/01488370903110829

Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). Addiction treatment: A strengths perspective (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage.

2.
 
Classmate (C. Ree)

Main Discussion Post

Co-occurring disorders are the presence of both a mental health and concurrent substance use illness.  Examples of co-occurring disorders include a person who is both an alcoholic and dealing with depression, or an individual who is addicted to illicit drugs and also struggles with post-traumatic stress disorder.  The handling of mental illness and substance use is known as integrated treatment.  Integrated treatment provides simultaneous treatment for the mental illness and the substance use disorder (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018).  Van Wormer and Davis continue to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of integrated treatment. Stating that integrated treatments include more stable remission rates (10-20%), better housing, decreased shame, and learning and insight. Whereas the weaknesses include small studies, heterogeneous samples, short follow up periods and unclear description of treatment components.  Successful implementation requires vigorous on-site leadership, managing of staff turnover, and technical, financial, and political support from the greater administrative environment (Torrey, Tepper, & Greenwold, 2011). Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

Hypothetical Client Example

Derek, an African American male, aged 40 deal with mental illness (depression) and a substance (alcohol).  Derek is married and works at the local Piggly Wiggly as the Assistant Manager. His wife reports that he spends more time at the bar after work then he does at home. Derek also has two sons age 12 and 15. He sons say that their dad has missed several of their games or when he comes he is drunk and embarrassing.  Derek has received several DUI’s and has missed some of his appointments with his mental health counselor. Derek declares that his drinking is under control and that he drinks to ease his sad moods. An integrative treatment approach would work for Derek since he displays signs of a mental illness coupled with a substance use issue. The evidence for mental health and addiction service integration is strong (Woods & Drake, 2011) so getting Derek into such a program will help him tremendously.  It would be important to get him services that will allow him to focus on his behavior, his substance use, and to help him connect with community resources.  In process this would include a multidisciplinary team engaging him in the community using outreach, support, motivational interviewing, and other techniques.  Bond, Drake, Mueser, and Latimer (2001) discuss a holistic approach known as Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) that is geared towards providing services like helping with medications and finances or any need the client may present. This treatment seems to fulfill the needs that Derek need to help him with his depressive symptoms and alcohol use Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

References

Bond, G. R., Drake, R. E., Mueser, K. T., & Latimer, E. (2001). Assertive community treatment for people with severe mental illness. 
Disease management and health outcomes
, 
9
(3), 141-159.

Torrey, W. C., Tepper, M., & Greenwold, J. (2011). Implementing integrated services for adults with co-occurring substance use disorders and psychiatric illnesses: A research review. 
Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 7
(3), 150–161.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). 
Addiction treatment: A strengths perspective 
(4th ed.)
. 
Boston, MA: Cengage.

Woods, M. R., & Drake, R. E. (2011). Treatment of a young man with psychosis and polysubstance abuse. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 7(3), 175–185. Integrating Theories Essay Discussion

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

3.
 
Classmate (L. Sim)

It is important to understand the presentation of an individual with co-occurring addiction and mental health issues. Different concerns will arise, requiring specific treatment. Van Wormer and Davis (2018) shared that treatment of individuals with coexisting disorders needs a supportive, long-term commitment and a combination of substance abuse and mental health treatment approaches. There must be an understanding of how to treat all aspects of an individual. Utilizing an integrated approach will be beneficial, even with presented weaknesses.

Strengths and Weaknesses

There are both strengths and weaknesses with an integrated treatment approach. Utilizing an integrated approach suggests treatment of an individual entirely. It allows for the individual to be looked at as an individual, as different treatment needs are addressed. Further, Van Wormer and Davis (2018) shared that simultaneous treatment is provided for mental health and substance abuse, also meaning an individual only must travel to one location. This may be a huge benefit for someone, certainly if they are struggling with their mental health and addiction. Another strength of this approach is how it looks at individuals through a strengths-based perspective (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018). Treating individuals with a strength perspective will provide support and encourage personal motivation to be successful in treatment. Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

Services should include specifically trained employees, including 24-hour availability (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018), which is a weakness of integrated treatment. The specialist needed may not be available, requiring other staff members. There is a potential need for many staff members to be employed. Additionally, Torrey, Tepper, and, Greenwold (2011) stated that integrated treatment is long term and the process can be long to successful treatment. This extensive time frame for treatment can present as a weakness, where individuals may struggle to remain engaged and committed.

Client

Jack is a 35-year-old man, who is presenting with symptoms suggesting a mental health disorder and substance abuse disorder. He reports hearing voices, the inability to speak clearly and in an organized manner, and behaviors which have caused him to be unable to maintain a job. Jack is diagnosed with schizophrenia. In addition to this diagnosis, Jack has been utilizing drugs. Van Wormer and Davis (2018) shared that 50% of those diagnosed with schizophrenia have comorbid substance abuse. Jack presents with significant symptoms related to his mental health diagnosis. Due to his presentation, working with Jack from the quadrant model, he fits into category II (Van Wormer & Davis, 2018) as his schizophrenia is more severe.

Assessment and treatment need to be appropriate for Jack. Lubman, King, and Castle (2010) shared that there needs to be comprehensive assessment with access to a large range of interventions. Assessment can assist with understanding the severity of the disorders Jack presents with. This can allow clinicians to understand where Jack is and help him receive treatment in the best environment Integrating Theories Essay Discussion. As stated, he fits in category II, where he would receive treatment in a mental health system. Lubman et al. (2018) shared that psychopharmacological intervention is appropriate for treating schizophrenic symptoms with comorbid substance use. This is important for Jack, as medication can work to limit his experienced schizophrenic symptoms. Further, psychosocial interventions are appropriate, which is a must in conjunction with medication (Lubman et al., 2018). It is important to note the need for different interventions and the concept of the impact on both disorders. Lubman et al. (2018) shared that one intervention alone was not successfully, but including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing (MI), and family work prove to be successful. Again, this speaks to the need for an integral approach. Utilizing CBT and MI with Jack can assist him with understanding presenting symptoms, potential warning signs for psychosis and relapse, and help him to understand how his disorders impact his life. His understanding of the negative impact can support his want to change, impacting his dedication and commitment.

Conclusion

Individuals presenting with co-occurring disorders need to receive integral treatment, as they need to be addressed in their entirety. Understanding the needs of individuals with co-occurring disorders is important. Integral treatment approaches encourage the best treatment, as both disorders and their specific impacts are addressed. Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

References

Lubman, D. I., King, J. A., & Castle, D. J. (2010). Treating comorbid substance use disorders in schizophrenia. 
International Review of Psychiatry, 22
(2), 191. Retrieved from https://search-ebscohost-com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edb&AN=50872258&site=eds-live&scope=site

Torrey, W. C., Tepper, M., & Greenwold, J. (2011). Implementing integrated services for adults with co-occurring substance use disorders and psychiatric illnesses: A research review. 
Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 7
(3), 150–161.

Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). 
Addiction treatment: A strengths perspective 
(4th ed.)
. 
Boston, MA: Cengage.

Bottom of Form

Required Resources

Van      Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). 
Addiction treatment: A      strengths perspective 
(4th ed.)
. 
Boston, MA: Cengage.

Chapter       4, “Substance Misuse with a Co-occurring Mental Disorder or Disability”       (pp. 151-190)

Drapalski,      A., Bennett, M., & Bellack, A. (2011). Gender differences in substance      abuse, consequences, motivation to change, and treatment seeking in people      with serious mental illness. 
Substance Use & Misuse, 46
(6),      808–818. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Kennedy,      K., & Gregoire, T. K. (2009). Theories of motivation in addiction      treatment: Testing the relationship of the transtheoretical model of      change and self-determination theory. 
Journal of Social Work      Practice in the Addictions, 9
(2), 163–183. Retrieved from the Walden      Library databases. Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

Kerfoot,      K., Petrakis, I. L., & Rosenheck, R. A. (2011). Dual diagnosis in an      aging population: Prevalence of psychiatric disorders, comorbid substance      abuse, and mental health service utilization in the Department of Veterans      Affairs. 
Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 7
(1/2), 4–13. Retrieved      from the Walden Library databases.

Lachman,      A. (2012). Dual diagnosis in adolescence—An escalating risk. 
Journal      of Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 24
(1), pv–vii. Retrieved from      the Walden Library databases.

Torrey,      W. C., Tepper, M., & Greenwold, J. (2011). Implementing integrated      services for adults with co-occurring substance use disorders and      psychiatric illnesses: A research review. 
Journal of Dual      Diagnosis, 7
(3), 150–161. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Woods,      M. R., & Drake, R. E. (2011). Treatment of a young man with psychosis      and polysubstance abuse. 
Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 7
(3),      175–185. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Integrating Theories Essay Discussion.

Life Coaching – Leadership 4-MAT Paper: 4-MAT PAPER INSTRUCTIONS

The 4-MAT Paper is a way of responding to readings, lectures, and life experiences that requires you, the learner, to interact with new ideas on several levels. Your 4-MAT Paper will cover the entire text by Dr. Cloud. Use the following format in preparing your 4-Mat Papers; show each of the 4 sections listed below with corresponding headers and subheadings. The grading rubric is attached for your review as well.

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1. 
Summary
: Summarize what you have read as if you were the author condensing the book to its essential elements. Prove that you comprehend the reading by writing a no-nonsense summary. Cover the book as a whole instead of chapter by chapter. Within the summary, include Sub-heading Section 1 (Identify and define the essential Foundations for Boundaries.), Sub-heading Section 2 (Describe the process for Rebuilding Boundaries.), and Sub-heading section 3 (Explain the various aspects of Boundaries on the Job.) Life Coaching – Leadership 4-MAT Paper.

2. 
Concrete Responses
: Be vulnerable! In 250 words, relate a personal, life episode that this book triggered in your memory. Relate your story in first person, describing action and quoting exact words you remember hearing or saying. In the teaching style of Jesus, this is a do-it-yourself parable, case study, and confession Life Coaching – Leadership 4-MAT Paper. You will remember almost nothing you have read unless you make this critical, personal connection. What video memory began to roll? This is your chance to tell your story and to generate new ideas.

3. 
Reflection
: What new questions pop up for you in response to what you have read? Take notes as you read. Outsmart the author by asking better questions than he has raised. Begin with questions like, “What bothers me about this book?” Discuss the positives and negatives about the book Life Coaching – Leadership 4-MAT Paper.

4. 
Application
: What are you going to do about it? Describe in detail what you are going to say to a counselee, send as an email, or say to a friend. What actions or changes are you going to make in your life as a result of what you have learned? Your response here is a matter of obedience first, questions later. Be precise in summarizing your action steps Life Coaching – Leadership 4-MAT Paper.

Note: Your grade on the 4-MAT Paper depends on the manner in which you address each of these 4 dimensions in response to your readings. 
Your paper must be 5–6 pages, double-spaced (not including the title page and reference page).
 You will be required to create a title page and a references page (which cites the textbook), both formatted according to current APA standards.

This paper requires a turnitin report.

Required References (See Below)

Cloud, H. (2008). 
The one life solution: Reclaim your personal life while achieving greater professional success
. New York, NY: HarperCollins. ISBN: 9780061466434. Life Coaching – Leadership 4-MAT Paper.

PSY 345 visual perception discussion

the concept of inattentional blindness and how this can affect visual perception

PSY 345 Week 2 visual perception discussion

the concept of inattentional blindness and how this can affect visual perception

Create
 a discussion guide that includes 8 to 10 open-ended questions that will help facilitate the discussion. Include the desired responses.

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Explain
 the concept of inattentional blindness and how this can affect visual perception.

Provide 
an example and visual aids. PSY 345 visual perception discussion.

Submit
 your assignment.

PSY 345 WEEK 2 Visual Perception Discussion PSY 345 WEEK 2 Visual Perception Discussion PSY 345 WEEK 2 Visual Perception Discussion

Your group will facilitate a class discussion on the role of attention in visual perception. Create a discussion guide that includes 8 to 10 open-ended questions that will help facilitate the discussion. Include the desired responses. Explain the concept of inattentional blindness and how this can affect visual perception. Provide an example and visual aids

A test of the sensorimotor account of vision and visual perception.

Author information

Abstract

Two theories define the relationship between sensory experience and perception of location. The doctrine of specific nerve energies relies on hard-wired, genetically specified relationships between stimulation and perception, modifiable only within limits by adaptation. In a newer sensorimotor account, experience tunes the relationship between stimulation and perception. The perception of pressure phosphenes can differentiate the two theories, because the phosphene appears at a location predicted by physiological optics and in a modality predicted by specific nerve energies. Moving a finger vertically along the outer orbit of the eye while pressing gently on it through the lid during nasally directed gaze results in apparent motion of the phosphene out of phase with the finger, therefore in contradiction to information from motor efference to the finger, tactile sense at the fingertip, eyelid and bulb, joint receptors, and proprioception from muscles driving the finger. A test of the sensorimotor theory giving it every advantage had six observers in darkness moving their fingers along the eye and observing phosphenes for 1 h and 2400 motion cycles; the phosphene always obeyed the doctrine of specific nerve energies, never adapting or changing modality as the sensorimotor theory predicts. PSY 345 visual perception discussion.

Spatial Organization Presentation Essay Assignment

Create 
an 8- to 10-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation on spatial organization.

Describe
 the following:

The concept of spatial organization

How spatial organization affects visual perception

How perception influences behavior

Format 
your presentation consistent with APA guidelines.

Spatial Organization Presentation Assignment

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What is Spatial Order in Writing and How Can I Use it in My Essay?

When it comes to writing quality essays, it takes more than having a good command of English to be an effective writer. While this is the focus in essay writing, organization also plays a very important role. Essay organization simply entails the logical development and representation of ideas. The two areas you need to pay attention when organizing your essay include text structure and cohesive elements Spatial Organization Presentation Essay Assignment.

While text structure is responsible with how ideas are drawn together, cohesive organization is responsible with how the details are glued together. There are many examples of cohesive organization writers can use to structure their essay including spatial order. In essay writing, this organization is also known as space structure or order of place. This organization seeks to present things in writing as they actually are in their locations. Unlike with chronological order and other organizational methods, spatial entirely focuses its descriptions on the location. Spatial ordering makes use of phrases such as in front, behind, farther along, on top of, right of, left of, up, under, beyond, alongside and above amongst others. Spatial Organization Presentation Essay Assignment.

How can I use spatial order in my essay writing?

Spatial organization is commonly used in descriptive essays. The main idea behind this style of writing is to invoke the reader’s senses and help get a better understanding of facts and concepts. Two most important scenarios in which you can use this organizational style in essay writing is in describing scenes and settings and when giving direction.

What does spatial ordering entail?

If you think spatial ordering is as easy as using the transitions you may want to consider this again. Inasmuch as this organizational style gives your essay the perfect flow, you are required to invest deeply in the thought process. The following are some of the steps you should pay attention to.

Decided which process or scenario needs to be described first

This is the starting point and most important point in this process. If you are writing a descriptive essay or any other type of essay, it is highly likely that you will have more than two scenarios to describe. According with their relevance or whatever your criteria may be, categorize the scenarios and decide which one to start with. This is important as it helps you set the mood for your readers.

 Plan on the details of the scene

Planning generally is important in any writing assignment; however, when it comes to partial ordering you need to go further than relying on the initial pan you lay out. When describing a scene setting every detail counts! If you do not want to miss on the smallest description, always note down the physical everything that is found in that location before you begin your writing. Spatial Organization Presentation Essay Assignment.

 Write your essay describing the elements in a logical order

Spatial arrangement is all about logic. Once you have your events noted down, the next important thing is describing them in a logical order. The rule of the thumb with spatial organization is that always describe your events from the furthest right coming to the furthest left or you may choose to do this from top to bottom. The idea with this strategy is to bring the events closer to the rights of your reader. While it may be hard to form logical relationship with the ordinary use of adjectives, you will find transitions come in very handy. In addition to this, your creativity will help create a spark in the mind of your readers; therefore, it is important to maintain originality as much as you can. Spatial Organization Presentation Essay Assignment.

Why is spatial organization important when it comes to essay writing?

It helps make complex scenes and processes easy to understand and relate

Improves evoke the reader’s senses thus helping them visualize what you want them to

Helps you improve the originality of your essay

While using spatial arrangement in your essay writing is of great importance both to you and to your reader, excessive usage of it is discouraged. Describing in detail each situation in your essay means that every situation is of the same importance which is not the case. Therefore, as you use spatial ordering to spice up your writing ensure you do it within the acceptable limits Spatial Organization Presentation Essay Assignment.

psychology 380- discussion board

Discussion Board Forum 4

Module/Week 7 explores Social Neuroscience, a fairly new subfield of neuroscience.  In this discussion forum, please discuss the following:

What is social neuroscience?

How does the field of social neuroscience contribute to our understanding of various social behaviors?

How do you think social neuroscience could contribute to discipleship & growth in godly behaviors & decision making?

Please use both research and Scripture to support your answer.

300 words

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psychology 380- discussion board

Module/Week 5 explores emotions and various theories of emotion, stress, and fear/anxiety. Emotions are an important part of life, but extreme levels of emotions such as anxiety, fear, and stress can be detrimental. Suppose researchers developed a way to eliminate anxiety, stress, & fear. What would be the consequences of eliminating these emotions? And, would you support the elimination of these emotions? Use research and Scripture to support your position. Psychology 380- discussion board.

What is social neuroscience?

How does the field of social neuroscience contribute to our understanding of various social behaviors?

How do you think social neuroscience could contribute to discipleship & growth in godly behaviors & decision making?

Please use both research and Scripture to support your answer. Psychology 380- discussion board.

Treating Childhood Abuse Sample Essay

Recommend strategies for assessing for abuse and analyze influences of media and social media on mental health. You also evaluate the need for mandatory reporting of abuse.

-What strategies would you employ to assess the patient for abuse? Explain why you selected these strategies.

-How might exposure to the media and/or social media affect the patient?

-What type of mandatory reporting (if any) is required in this case? Why?

Conclusion Treating Childhood Abuse Sample Essay

Please, address each question as a separate paragraph

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Treating Child Abuse

What strategies would you employ to assess the patient for abuse? Explain why you selected these strategies.

Child abuse remains as one of the devastating social problem globally. Besides, efficiency in assessment of child abuse determines the success in treatment (Benbenishty et al., 2015). There are three main approaches that a care giver can apply while assessing cases of child abuse. Firstly, the detection approach involves engaging family and community members. The administrators rely on community members in investigations (Goldman & Grimbeek, 2014). Parents can provide information on any changes in the behavior of the child depending on the kind of abuse. Triage entails decisions and goals of assessment that are classified on a family basis (Lonne & Parton, 2014). Another strategy is through directly and convincing the child to draw pictures of the experience if possible. The strategies are all rounded, and increase the chances for proper treatment for the child Treating Childhood Abuse Sample Essay.

How might exposure to the media and/or social media affect the patient?

A patient is likely to experience trauma in an event that a caregiver exposes the details of the patient on social media. Besides, the patient is likely to feel depressed, as the doctors ought to maintain the confidentiality of the patient (Lonne & Parton, 2014). Besides, the child is likely to fail in responding to treatment. The act can also lower the patient’s self-esteem and confidence in facing people in public.

What type of mandatory reporting (if any) is required in this case? Why?

Care givers ought to report any evidence of physical harm detected. The workers are equipped with adequate knowledge in dealing issues associated with children (Widom, Czaja, & Dutton, 2014). Since children behave differently after an abuse, care givers ought to apply clever techniques to retrieve information while maintaining their stability of their mental states Treating Childhood Abuse Sample Essay.

Conclusion

In summary, child abuse is one of the major social vices that leaders in many societies try to eradicate. For this reason, any offender of child abuse receives severe punishment. Through mandatory reporting, caregivers gain information that provides them with a blue print that guides the assessment processes, and eventual treatment. Treating Childhood Abuse Sample Essay.

References

Benbenishty, R., Davidson-Arad, B., López, M., Devaney, J., Spratt, T., Koopmans, C., … Hayes, D. (2015). Decision making in child protection: An international comparative study on maltreatment substantiation, risk assessment and interventions recommendations, and the role of professionals’ child welfare attitudes.
Child Abuse & Neglect
,
49
, 63-75.

Goldman, J. D., & Grimbeek, P. (2014). Child sexual abuse and mandatory reporting intervention preservice content preferred by student teachers.
Journal of child sexual abuse
,
23
(1), 1-16.

Lonne, B., & Parton, N. (2014). Portrayals of child abuse scandals in the media in Australia and England: Impacts on practice, policy, and systems.
Child abuse & neglect
,
38
(5), 822-836.

Widom, C. S., Czaja, S., & Dutton, M. A. (2014). Child abuse and neglect and intimate partner violence victimization and perpetration: A prospective investigation.
Child abuse & neglect
,
38
(4), 650-663. Treating Childhood Abuse Sample Essay.

Intolerance and Cross-Cultural Communication Problems Essay Assignment

Introduction

In business, successful communication is the key to success, and being able to relate to a customer is the best form of communication. This is why cross-cultural communication is so important as the business world continues to globalize itself. Unfortunately, “A lack of awareness about the culturally prescribed rules and norms of communication behaviors can cause public relations projects to fail, or worse, backfire.” (Zaharna, 2001, p.135). Intolerance and Cross-Cultural Communication Problems Essay Assignment,

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My research is focused on the problems associated with cross-cultural communication and how awareness of culture, language, tradition, and business practices can increase the advantages to globalization. This report will be field specific in

…show more content…Intolerance and Cross-Cultural Communication Problems Assignment

Introduction: In every type of business, how people are able to communicate dictates the success of the company. If all aspects of the business are not able to keep each other informed on important issues and breaking news, then the company is destined to fail. Intolerance and Cross-Cultural Communication Problems Essay Assignment. For my research report I have decided to focus my efforts on the issue of communication in the Beer Wholesaling industry. For over a year now I have been involved with the beer industry working in both promotions, and in merchandising. Even in that small window of time I have seen forms of communication change. This change has lead to both the creation, and the solution to many communication problems in this workplace.

I plan to study how the changing methods of communication have altered the beer wholesale business, and worked to solve and create problems. Over the past 10 years we have seen a revolution in how people in the work force are able to communicate. First car phones and then cell phones made contacting others much easier, and now computers are affecting everything through email and the Internet. The beer business, much like other business, is built mainly on the strength of communication. Brewers must communicate with wholesalers who in turn must be in constant communication with storeowners. If one of these lines of communications breaks down then a too much beer might be brewed for a season, or a liquor store may end up with Intolerance and Cross-Cultural Communication Problems Essay Assignment.

Cover Letter, Resume, and Portfolio Assignment

NURS 6660: Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Role I:

Child and Adolescent

Cover Letter, Resume, and Portfolio Assignment Guide

Your professional cover letter, resume, and portfolio are due by Day 7 of Week 10. It is highly

recommended that you begin planning and working on this Assignment as soon as it is viable.

The following checklists outline all of the items you should include in your cover letter, resume,

and portfolio. Additionally, the resources below have been provided to assist you in developing

your professional cover letter, resume, and portfolio.

Also, refer to the Walden University Career Center website for resources and develop your

cover letter and resume with the assistance of the Walden University Career Center website

for resources and make your cover letter, resume, and portfolio accessible online to your

faculty and potential employers.

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Checklist for Cover Letter (S/U grade)

Your Cover Letter should be:

 Presented and formatted in professional business manner

 Addressed properly

 Clear and concise and include:

o Content Introduction

o Content Body

o Content Conclusion

 Written in a professional style and include:

o Correct spelling, punctuation, and grammar

o Clear and accurate sentence structure

Checklist for Resume (S/U) Cover Letter, Resume, and Portfolio Assignment

 Your Resume should be clear, concise and well-organized and it should also include

your:

 Name, address, business phone number, and email address (top center of resume)

 Profile: 2-3 sentences describing goal and positive attributes/characteristics

 Certifications & Licensure

 Education

 Professional Experience

 Honors/Awards

 References

© 2016 Laureate Education, Inc. 2 of 3

Checklist for Portfolio (S/U)

 Your Portfolio should be clear, concise and well-organized and it should also include

your:

 Personal Philosophy Statement

 Self-Assessment

 Personal goals (short term and long term)

 Achievements

 Cover Letter

 Resume

 Diplomas for formal education

 Letters of Recommendation

 References (list names, affiliation and contact information)

 Certifications

 Certificates of attendance for continuing education

 Transcripts

 Publications

 Oral Presentations and/or Poster Presentations

Cover Letter, Resume, and Portfolio Assignment Learning Resources

Resume, Portfolio, and Cover Letter Resources:

 Cover Letter Advice (n.d.). Nurse practitioner cover letter sample 1. Retrieved from

http://www.coverletter.us/nurse-practitioner-cover-letter/

 Dahring, R. (2013). Cover letter caveats. Retrieved from http://nurse-practitioners-andphysician-assistants.advanceweb.com/Columns/Career-Coach/Cover-Letter-Caveats.aspx

 NP Career Coach (n.d.). NP career coach resume tip sheet. Retrieved from

http://www.nursepractitionerjobsearch.com/nurse-practitioner-resume-tips.pdf

 Porche, D. J. & Danna, D. (2015). Cover letter & resume preparation: Every detail is

important when applying for a job. Advance healthcare network for NPs & PAs. Retrieved

from http://nurse-practitioners-and-physicianassistants.advanceweb.com/Features/Articles/Cover-Letter-Resume-Preparation.aspx

 Walden University Career Services (n.d.). Resumes & CVs: Home Retrieved from

http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/careerservices/resumesandcvs

© 2016 Laureate Education, Inc. 3 of 3

Portfolio Resources:

 Dennison, R. D. (2007). What goes into your professional portfolio and what you’ll get out of

it: Advance your nursing career with a professional portfolio. American Nurse Today 2(1).

Retrieved from

http://www.americannursetoday.com/assets/0/434/436/440/4352/4354/4368/4376/1b04d64f8cb0-4af6-adb6-7e3474d2603d.pdf

 Ferrara, S. (2013, October 31). Professional portfolio – A must have for NP students. [Blog

message]. Retrieved from http://onlinenursepractitionerprograms.com/2013/professionalportfolio-a-must-have-for-np-students/ Cover Letter, Resume, and Portfolio Assignment

 Hayes, E., Chandler, G., Merriam, D., & King, M. C. (2002). The master’s portfolio:

Validating a career in advanced practice nursing. Journal of the American Academy of

Nurse Practitioners, 14(3), 119.

 Walden University Career Services (2015). Quick start: Getting started with Optimal 2015.

Retrieved from https://youtu.be/Ir-B4MCuAvU

 Walden University Career Services (2015). Quick start: Getting started with Optimal

Resume: Presentation slides. Retrieved from

http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/ld.php?content_id=10634421

 Walden University Career Services (2015). Getting started with Optimal Resume: Tutorial.

Retrieved from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/ld.php?content_id=10634430

 Walden University Career Services (2015). Getting started with Optimal Resume: Transcript.

Retrieved from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/ld.php?content_id=10634440

 Weber, S. (2006). Developing nurse practitioner student portfolios. Journal of the American

Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 18(7), 301-302. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00134.x

FIND BELLOW MY CURRENT RESUME. FOR ANY FURTHER QUESTIONS PLEASE EMAIL ME AND I WILL RESPOND. THANKS IN ADVANCE

Victorine A Ngang

9937 whiskey run

Laurel, MD 20723

301-437-9937

05/11/2017

bebenav@yahoo.com

victorine.ngang@waldenu.edu

OBJECTIVE

Team-oriented registered nurse and a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner student with a strong track record of professional driven ambition is seeking an internship opportunity for psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner role with adult and older adults. This clinical is geared towards medication prescription for adults and older adults Cover Letter, Resume, and Portfolio Assignment.

This clinical starts in February 2018 through May 2018 for a total of 144hours

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

¬¬-Walden University 2016-2018

Minneapolis, MN

Currently in school pursuing a Master in psychiatric nursing

Graduation date, 2018

-American Sentinel University 2015-2016

Denver, Colorado

Bachelors of Science in nursing

Graduation June, 2016

-Prince George’s Community College 2013

Largo, MD, USA

Associate of science in nursing

Graduation: August, 2013

Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner Internship

psychotherapy with individuals

Cumberland, MD

August 2017 – November 2017

Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner Internship

psychotherapy with groups and families

Cumberland, MD

November 2017 – February 2018

Psychiatric mental health NP role 1: Child

Columbia, MD

February 2018 – May 2018

EMPLOYMENT HISTORY

Registered Nurse

-Jessup Correctional institution (JCI): From April 2016 to present

• Provided nursing assessments and interventions including: medical, and psychiatric screening

• Observed and assessed changes and trends in physical or mental condition of the patient as well as planned and implemented therapeutic interventions and evaluate response to such interventions

• Administered medications, collect specimens, monitor and document treatment progress and patient response. Cover Letter, Resume, and Portfolio Assignment.

• Performed medical care for emergencies and prioritized care based on acuity

• Identified behavioral problems to make suitable recommendations.

• Provided therapeutic interactions with patients to assist them while in crisis.

• Administered medications and treatments as ordered by a physician.

-Registered nurse: From December 2013 to 2017

Ridgeway manor nursing and rehabilitation center- Catonsville, MD

• Perform health assessment, talking to patients about their problems and discussing the best way to plan and deliver their care.

• Caring for patients experiencing acute mental distress or who have an enduring mental illness.

• Provide health promotion, counseling and educating patients and families

• Administer medications, wound care, G-Tube care, IV care , tracheostomy care etc

• Interpret patient information and make critical decisions.

• Responsible for maintaining a safe environment through the use of monitoring devices.

• Provide social support for patients by creating and encouraging patients to take advantage of opportunities such as support groups, social activities and other therapeutic measures.

• Coordinate care, in collaboration with a wide array of healthcare professionals

• Direct and supervise care delivered by other healthcare personnel like LPNs,CNA and CMA.

LICENSURE / CERTIFICATION

-Current Registered Nurse Licensure in Maryland (RN)

-Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Certified through American Heart Association Cover Letter, Resume, and Portfolio Assignment.

GEN103 Annotated Bibliography – Research Topic and Question Worksheet Assignment

Research Topic and Question Worksheet Assignment

Prior to beginning this assignment,

Read Module 1 in your course textbook.

Watch the 
GEN103 Annotated Bibliography
 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
 and 
Picking Your Topic IS Research
  (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
videos.

Review the 
Week 5 Annotated Bibliography Example
, and the 
4 Easy Steps to Using the Ashford Library for Background Research
,
 
Possible Topics for Research
, and 
How to Ask an Open-Ended Question  handouts
.

Download and review the 
Week 1 Research Topic and Question worksheet
 that you will complete and turn in for this assignment.

This week, you will develop a research question for your annotated bibliography:

Choose a research topic.

Explore your topic.

Write your research question.

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Choose a Research Topic

Choose a research topic related to your program or major. This topic will be used for all five weeks so choose one that interests you and for which two scholarly articles, one e-book , and two non-scholarly sources are available. Review the 
Possible Topics for Research
 handout if you need ideas. It is recommended that you review the 
GEN103 Week 1 Assignment example
.

Provide a two to three sentence explanation of the research topic and how it is related to your major on the Week 1 Research Topic and Question worksheet.

Explore your Topic

On the Week 1 Assignment worksheet, fill in the KWHL chart to explore the research topic. Be sure to carefully follow the instructions on the worksheet. The 
4 Easy Steps to Using the Ashford Library for Background Research
 is a helpful resource at this point.

Write Your Research Question

Write the first draft of your research question in the table at the bottom of the Week 1 Assignment worksheet. Your research question will help you focus your research by defining the information you are looking for as you research your topic.

Your research question must be:

Open-ended (should begin with “how,” “why” or “what”)

Clear

Concise

Detailed

The
 
How to Ask an Open-Ended Question
 handout can help you formulate an open-ended question.

Next, it is recommended you use Tutor.com to help you refine your question. If you use the service, ask your tutor to review your draft question with regard to the criteria in the table. Bring your draft research question to the Tutoring on Demand session. When you have completed the worksheet, save it to your computer and then submit it to Waypoint for grading.

To make sure your submission is as strong as it can be, use 
Grammarly (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
 to assist you in locating and correcting grammar and punctuation errors.

Week1ResearchTopicandQuestionworksheet.docx

Research Topic and Question Worksheet Assignment

Running head: RESEARCH TOPIC AND QUESTION 1

RESEARCH TOPIC AND QUESTION 5

Research Topic and Question

Student Name

GEN103: Information Literacy

Instructor Name

Month Day, Year

Refer to Module 1.3 of your textbook as you complete this assignment.

In the box below, provide a 2-3 sentence description of your research topic and how it is related to your major. You may refer to the GEN103 Possible Topics for Research handout in the classroom for research topic ideas.

Important: “Prayer in school” is not an acceptable topic for your annotated bibliography because it is used for the assignment examples throughout this class.

Research Topic and its Relation to Your Major:

To help you explore your topic, fill in the KWHL chart below.

1. Write at least three specific thing you know about your topic in the first column, K (K = know).

2. Write at least three specific questions about your topic that you would like to know the answers to in the second column, W (W = what do I want to know).

3. Write at least three specific tools you might use to find out more about your topic in the third column, H (H = how do I find out).

4. At this point, you need to do background research before you can fill out the fourth column. Use the tools you wrote down in H to find out more about your topic. Focus on the questions you wrote in W:

a. When you do background research, it’s fine to do a Google search or to use Wikipedia or other encyclopedias or general reference works; you will not use these sources in your annotated bibliography.

b. The 4 Easy Steps to Using the Ashford Library for Background Research provides directions for using the references sources in the Ashford Library

5. After doing your background research, write at least three specific things you have learned about your topic in the fourth column, L (L = what have I learned).

You must have at least three distinct items listed in each column to get full credit for this portion of the assignment.

K

What do I know?

W

What do I want to know?

H

How do I find out?

L

What have I learned?

Now that you have done some simple background research, it’s time to write a formal research question. Your research question will help you focus your research by defining the information you are looking for as you research your topic for your annotated bibliography.

A quality formal research question must be:

· Open-ended (Review the How to Ask Open-Ended Questions handout)

· Clear

· Concise

· Detailed

Remember that research questions should generate the kind of research that is suitable for an academic paper. Avoid questions that:

· Are yes/no questions (Often begin with “are” or “do”.)

· Ask for number or date (Often begin with “how many” or “when”.)

· Ask for a list

· Ask for an opinion (Often begin with “what do you think”.)

· Can be answered with a brief explanation or by referring to a single source.

Tip: Open-ended questions usually start with “what,” “why” and “how.”

Develop a research question that will allow you room to investigate your topic. Some examples of successful research questions are:

What can we do in the United States to prevent acid rain?

How do oil spills impact the fishing and tourism businesses in affected areas?

What evidence shows that pesticides are significantly harming the bee population?

Why is the Clean Water Act an important law for the welfare of urban populations?

Type the first draft of your research question in the first row of the table below and fill in all of the shaded areas. Write your final, revised question in the last box.

Type the first draft of your research question in the box to the right.

Does the first draft ask a yes/no question?

If the answer is yes, you need to revise your research question.

yes/no

Does the first draft ask for a number, date, or a list?

If the answer is yes, you need to revise your research question.

yes/no

Does the first draft ask for an opinion?

If the answer is yes, you need to revise your research question.

yes/no

Can the first draft be answered with a brief explanation or by consulting a single source?

If the answer is yes, you need to revise your research question.

yes/no

Type the final version of your research question in the box to the right.

When you have completed this worksheet, save the document and submit to Waypoint. Research Topic and Question Worksheet Assignment

Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay

Assignment: Disorders of the Veins and Arteries

Advanced practice nurses often treat patients with vein and artery disorders such as chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). While the symptoms of both disorders are noticeable, these symptoms are sometimes mistaken for signs of other conditions, making the disorders difficult to diagnose. Nurses must examine all symptoms and rule out other potential disorders before diagnosing and prescribing treatment for patients. In this Assignment, you explore the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of CVI and DVT.

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To Prepare

Review the section “Diseases of the Veins” (pp. 598-599) in Chapter 23 of the Huether and McCance text. Identify the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis. Consider the similarities and differences between these disorders.

Select a patient factor different from the one you selected in this week’s Discussion: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Think about how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of CVI and DVT. Reflect on how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.

Review the “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in the Week 2 Learning Resources. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct two mind maps—one for chronic venous insufficiency and one for venous thrombosis. Consider the epidemiology and clinical presentation of both chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

To Complete

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

Compare the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis. Describe how venous thrombosis is different from arterial thrombosis.

Explain how the patient factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of CVI and DVT. Describe how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.

Construct two mind maps—one for chronic venous insufficiency and one for deep venous thrombosis. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation, as well as the diagnosis and treatment you explained in your Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay paper.

Note: The School of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The Sample Paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/57.htm). All papers submitted must use this formatting Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Introduction

The circulatory system constitutes of three main blood vessels including arteries, veins, and lymphatic. According to Bergan and Bunke, ( (2014), blood in the peripheral veins tends to be passive and under low pressure and since its pumping mechanism relies on muscle contraction in the legs and arms. However, physiological changes in the body lead to hypertension and trigger thrombi formation resulting in diseases of the veins. Notably, the clinical manifestations of common venous diseases may be misdiagnosed for other disorders. This paper provides a review of the pathophysiology of common vein diseases before concluding with mind maps highlighting the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis(DVT)  and Chronic  Veins Insufficiency(CVI) Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Pathophysiology of Deep vein insufficiency

Deep vein insufficiency emanates from venous stasis. According to Eberhardt and Raffetto (2014),  the main factors resulting in venous stasis include a dysfunction in the venous valve, inflammation of the venous walls, dysfunctional pump mechanism, and venous hypertension. Notably, venous stasis results in an increase in blood viscosity and subsequent venous hypertension, factors which stimulate the release of vasoactive substances triggering the expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators. In this regard, the underlying cascade of events results in inflammation and subsequent rapture of peripheral veins walls, a condition imminent in CVI Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Pathophysiology of Deep Vein Thrombosis

Considering that the venous valves are vascular, the formation of microthrombi in the calf veins predisposes the development of DVT. Notably, venous stasis resulting from calf veins microthrombi obstruction and subsequent, endothelial hypoxemia stimulates the release of adhesion molecule and leukocytes (Huether and McCance, 2015). The leukocytes transfer the vasoactive molecules to the endothelial cells where they combine with activated Factor VII and through a cascade of events results to coagulation with the resultant formation of a thrombus. Di Nisio, Van and Büller (2016)) pinpoints that the main components of resultant venous thrombin are fibrin and erythrocytes. In this regard, clot formation results in the destruction of the peripheral veins, a condition imminent in Deep vein thrombosis Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Comparison of the pathophysiology of DVI and DVT

The pathophysiology of DVI and DVT harbor some similarities in the development of the underlying disorder. Notably, the development of both diseases involves three steps including venous stasis, coagulation activation, and subsequent endothelial damage in peripheral veins (Eberhardt and Raffetto, 2014). In this regard, there is a correlation between venous stasis, hemodynamic alterations, and hypertension in both disorders and their subsequent stimulation in the release of blood coagulation factors. Further, blood coagulation results in endometrial cells damage, a clinical manifestation evident in both DVI and DVT. Lastly, the mechanism of origin of venous stasis exhibit similarities with valve incompetence in peripheral veins of the body muscles is common in the progression of venous both venous diseases Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Differences between venous thrombosis and arterial thrombosis

The pathophysiology of venous and arterial thrombosis display notable differences. Di Nisio, Van and Büller (2016), asserts that despite thrombi formation, being a common manifestation in both disorders, their pathophysiology and outcome differs. Notably, arterial stasis results from plaque formation in the deep arteries and affects the valves in the left chambers of the heart. In contrast, venous stasis emanates from a variety of factors (both intrinsic and extrinsic) such as tissue damage and biochemical imbalance with its associated alterations affecting the soleus sinusoid and cusps valves in the extreme parts of the body Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay. Additionally, the inflammatory response in arterial thrombosis results to coagulation involving the platelets while venous associated coagulation constitutes mainly fibrin and erythrocytes ( Di Nisio, Van  & Büller (2016). Finally, chronic inflammation in arterial thrombosis results in the acute coronary syndrome and ischemic stroke, while on the other hand, the pathogenesis of untreated venous thrombosis results to pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis.

Pregnancy as a patient factor

Previous studies reveal that pregnancy is a risk factor in the development of DVI and DVT. According to (Khan, Vaillancourt, and Bourjeily (2017), the incidence of DVT among pregnant women is approximately 1.1 per 1000 deliveries. Further, risk increases during the last trimester and six weeks after parturition. In this regard, considering misdiagnosis of DVT and CVI may lead to the development asserts that there is a need for nurses and medical practitioners to undertake precautions in the diagnosis of the clinical manifestations of the diseases for effective treatment Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay

Pathophysiology of DVT in pregnancy

Pregnancy results in anatomical and physiological changes in the body. According to Khan, Vaillancourt, and Bourjeily (2017), increased cardiac output resulting to peripheral vasodilation is a common event in pregnancy. Notably, the anatomical and physiological alterations associated with pregnancy result in venous stasis and hypercoagulability in the peripheral veins located in the legs and arms. In this regard, the body increases the production of procoagulant peptides and subsequently, decreases the release of the anticoagulant substances and as such, there is a formation of fibrin-rich thrombi, which initiates vascular damage of the endothelial cells in the peripheral veins located in legs and arms. Further, Khan, Vaillancourt, and Bourjeily (2017), asserts that vascular damage occurs in the pelvis during parturition

Diagnosis of DVT and CVI in pregnancy

Clinical diagnosis of DVT and DVI  should be accompanied with further laboratory tests to prevent misdiagnosis of the underlying disorder. Notably, a consideration of the physiological alterations associated with pregnancy should facilitate the decision-making process during the diagnosis of the disorders clinical manifestation. As such, the first criteria entail a physical examination of symptoms such as pain, tenderness, and swelling of the extremities in the patient with regard to the patient’s medical history (Khan, Vaillancourt, & Bourjeily 2017). However, since the clinical manifestations of DVT and pulmonary embolism in pregnancy are similar, I would recommend the patient to undergo an ultrasound scan analysis of the proximal venous system to confirm if the underlying condition is DVT Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Treatment

Considering that physiological changes in pregnancy result to hypercoagulation, administration of anticoagulants would be the first drugs of choice. In this regard, I would prescribe the patient to take low molecular weight heparin, which suppresses the release of clotting factors in the body. According to Khan, Vaillancourt, and Bourjeily (2017), LMWH has a safety profile since it does not cross the placental barrier and it reduces the risk of hemorrhage. Additionally, it does not affect the breast milk and it can be administered even after parturition.

Conclusion

Despite the fact that Diseases of the veins are common, their clinical manifestations tend to be misdiagnosed for other diseases. In this regard, there is a need for nurses and other medications to understand their pathophysiology for easy their treatment. Notably, understanding of the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of these disorders will go a long way in facilitating the appropriate treatment for the underlying condition. Further, an understanding of the patient condition such as pregnancy will facilitate the adoption of a treatment option, which bests suits the patients Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Mind Map for Chronic Vein Insufficiency

M
ind Map For Deep Vein Thrombosis

References

Bergan, J. J., & Bunke, N. (Eds.). (2014). The vein book. Oxford University Press.

Di Nisio, M., van Es, N., & Büller, H. R. (2016). Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The Lancet, 388(10063), 3060-3073.

Eberhardt, R. T., & Raffetto, J. D. (2014). Chronic venous insufficiency. Circulation, 130(4), 333-346

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2015). Understanding Pathophysiology-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Khan, F., Vaillancourt, C., & Bourjeily, G. (2017). Diagnosis and management of deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy. BMJ: British Medical Journal (Online), 357 Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Review the section “Diseases of the Veins” (pp. 598-599) in Chapter 23 of the Huether and McCance text. Identify the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis. Consider the similarities and differences between these disorders.

Select a patient factor different from the one you selected in this week’s Discussion: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Think about how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of CVI and DVT. Reflect on how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.

Review the “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in the Week 2 Learning Resources. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct two mind maps—one for chronic venous insufficiency and one for venous thrombosis. Consider the epidemiology and clinical presentation of both chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis.

To Complete

Write a 3 page paper that addresses the following:

Compare the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency and deep venous thrombosis. Describe how venous thrombosis is different from arterial thrombosis.

Explain how the patient factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of CVI and DVT. Describe how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.

Construct two mind maps—one for chronic venous insufficiency and one for deep venous thrombosis. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation, as well as the diagnosis and treatment you explained in your paper.

Please references should be within the last five years. All in text quotation should have paragraph number or page number. paper should have introduction and summary Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay. Thank you

Disease of Arteries and veins

One of the conditions affecting the veins is deep venous thrombosis which affects 40% of women and 17 % of men globally and leads to pulmonary embolism, a life threatening condition. Valves are major anatomical and physiological components of the veins and chronic venous insufficiency results from impairment of the valves (Huether, & McCance, 2015). The discussion below will present a comparison of the pathophysiology of deep venous thrombosis, chronic venous insufficiency and arterial thrombosis. Finally, the essay will discuss how gender affects the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of the above specified conditions and mind maps summarizing the conditions.

Pathophysiology

The predisposing factors to the development of the deep venous thrombosis include: female gender, pregnancy, overweight, cancer, immobility, post -partum period and surgical procedures. The predisposing factors in the development of chronic venous insufficiency include: long standing periods and deep venous thrombosis.  Chronic venous insufficiency basically refers to the impairment in the functioning of the valves that facilitate the uni-directional flow of blood through the veins to the heart. In contrast, deep venous thrombosis refers to a condition in which there is formation of a blood clot in the deep veins of the extremities. Chronic venous insufficiency affects both the deep and the superficial veins while the deep venous thrombosis affects the deep veins of the lower extremities in most of the cases. Deep venous thrombosis eventually leads to pulmonary thrombosis as a complication, whereas chronic venous insufficiency leads to ulceration and bacterial eczema following the effect the sequel of the condition on the walls of the affected veins. Deep venous thrombosis presents with tenderness and swelling of the affected lower limb whereas chronic venous insufficiency presents with hyperpigmentation, ulceration and varicose veins on the limb where the valves of the veins function insufficiently. Both the deep venous thrombosis and the chronic venous insufficiency are characterized by the occurrence of blood stasis in the affected veins. In addition, deep venous and chronic venous insufficiency present with pain and swelling of the affected extremities (Gloviczki, & Lawrence, 2017) Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay.

Arterial thrombosis affects the arteries whereas deep venous thrombosis affects veins. In addition, arterial thrombosis affects any of the arteries whereas deep venous thrombosis affects the deep veins of the lower extremities in most cases and specifically is associated with the femoral vein, the popliteal vein or the ilio-femoral vein. The deep venous thrombosis is cause by injury to the endothelial lining of the veins which activates the coagulation pathway that involves conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and fibrinogen to fibrin. Finally a plug that consists of platelets, fibrin and red blood cells is formed (Gujja, Wiley, & Krishnan, 2014). In addition, blood stasis also causes the development of the deep venous thrombosis. Blood stasis is formed as result immobility.  Finally, a state hypercoagulability also leads to frequent and easy activation of the coagulation path way leading to a formation of the blood clot. On the other hand, arterial thrombosis is caused by the presence of thrombus, emboli, air emboli or cancer thrombi. Furthermore, deep venous thrombosis leads to the pulmonary thrombosis as a complication due to the mobility of the thrombi from the extremities, through the inferior vena cava to the heart and eventually to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. In contrast, arterial thrombosis leads to insufficient oxygen supply to the tissues that are supplied within blood by the affected artery. Subsequently, the body forms new collateral arteries to increase blood and oxygen supply to the affected tissues (Martinod, Witsch, Farley, Gallant, Remold‐O’Donnell, & Wagner, 2016).

Effect of Gender on DVT and DCI

Notably, the prevalence of the above mentioned conditions is higher among the women as compared to men.  In addition, pregnancy, post-partum period and the female gender are risk factors for the development of the deep venous thrombosis. During pregnancy the production of the clotting factors increases and thus, their concentration in the blood of the pregnant patient. Therefore, a state of hypercoagulability is created. Subsequently, following an injury to the endothelial lining of the blood vessel, the coagulation cascade is easily activated. In addition, reduced mobility is common among the pregnant women. Immobility contributes to the pathophysiological development of deep venous thrombosis and chronic venous insufficiency Disorders of the Veins and Arteries sample essay. Prolonged immobility reduces the contractility of the cuff muscles.  Therefore the propulsive force and effect of the muscles to the venous return through the major veins is affected. The diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis and chronic venous insufficiency should be guided by biographic data, medical and obstetric history of the patient. In cases of female patients, the clinician should be keen to take the obstetric history so as to elicit pregnancy and post -partum period as risks towards to the development of DVT and CVI. The treatment of DVT and CVI is universal regardless of the gender, and therefore anticoagulants and surgery are the treatment approaches (Aggarwal, Fullam, Brownstein, Maynard, Ansell, Varga, & Rickles, 2015).

                  
Mind Map

 
 
In conclusion, DVT and CVI are the most common conditions affecting the blood vessels. The two conditions differ widely in terms of the pathophysiology. However the conditions hare similarities. Gender affects the pathophysiology, prevalence and the diagnosis of DVT and CVI.

References

Aggarwal, A., Fullam, L., Brownstein, A. P., Maynard, G. A., Ansell, J., Varga, E. A., … & Rickles, F. R. (2015). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE): awareness and prophylaxis practices reported by patients with cancer.
Cancer investigation
,
33
(9), 405-410.

Gloviczki, P., & Lawrence, P. F. (2017). Iliac vein stenting and contralateral deep vein thrombosis.
Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders
,
5
(1), 5-6.

Gujja, K., Wiley, J., & Krishnan, P. (2014). Chronic Venous Insufficiency.
Interventional cardiology clinics
,
3
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