CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation
During Phase 1, each individual will submit their own idea for an innovation along with a model they find useful for evaluating its merits. Each team member is responsible for completing research on various models. While there are several models in circulation for evaluating innovations, such as The Lean StartUp Plan, NOMMAR, SNIFF, and the linear and mental models of innovation, innovators should not feel constrained by any particular model. Feel free to borrow elements from multiple models to develop one that would work best to most effectively evaluate your own innovation.
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Teams will then review all of the submissions and choose the most promising idea to pursue. The idea should be selected by application of one of the evaluation models submitted by team members. You will then write a report of 1,500-2,500 words that describes the team’s selection process and identifies the final choice. The report must contain the following components:
1. A one- or two-paragraph summary of each team member’s idea, a description of the model used to evaluate the idea, and the results of the evaluation. Specifically, the evaluation should identify the merits, drawbacks, and challenges associated with the idea.
2. Identification of the selected idea for the project accompanied by a description of the model used to evaluate the idea. Include the results of the evaluation, which will serve as the justification for the team’s selection. Preliminarily forecast the most significant challenges that could impede the development of the selected idea. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
3. A project plan that summarizes the roles or tasks assigned to each team member that must be accomplished to complete Phase 2 of the project due in Module 6.
4. In-text citations from at least five reputable secondary sources. Each person on the team must contribute an article from the research that was completed on innovation implementation/evaluation models.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required
Many people however, do not realize that you need to have a process or model to base their direction on. Each person shared an innovation that they want to have come alive and how they purpose to have the innovation model, the assignments for each team member to help complete phase two that is due Module 6, as well as information from research on how to implement the models for each innovation purposed by the team members.
Innovation Idea 1
Team Member 1’s innovative idea is to create a subscription based, home based business forum and membership site for those that choose a home-based business from the site. Members will pay a monthly subscription to be able to utilize the site and all of its resources to move forward in their business endeavor.
There does not seem to be one internet site that anyone could join for a monthly fee and choose from hundreds of already successful home-based business models, have the tools and resources readily available to use, and to have a community of similar business owners to communicate with, all in one place. The marketing and advertising infrastructure would already be established for the different types of home-based businesses and as part of the monthly fee. The site would include legal advice, access to business mentors, and a group of professionals available to help members grow their business without emergent chaos because of the structure and processes already in place. There would be preexisting web templates to help set up a website, as well as other legal documents and accounting templates all with instructions on how to use them.
In researching home based business opportunities, there are many websites and articles available that make suggestions on where to look for more resources or information. One such example is 67 Home Based Business ideas, Start Making Money Now, (Rose, J. 2019). The number one suggestion is to become an Uber driver. There are no websites that exist that truly enable the business to be created with the sites resources as the infrastructure.
In order to evaluate this innovative idea, a model for evaluating innovations must be used. The model chosen for this evaluation is NOMMAR (©2009 Jay Paap, Paap Associates) NOMMAR stands for need, options, market model, approach and relevant. In evaluating the idea of an all-inclusive subscription-based web portal for home-based businesses, NOMMAR will allow for early stage decisions as to the viability of the service by asking questions. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
The service is needed and appears to be a service that consumers would pay for. The drawbacks of this ideas are; the market potential is unknown, the cost is unknown to create the site, the return on investment is unknown and building a portal like this can be time consuming and costly. The challenges are; much more research needs to be completed before proceeding. While the challenges are significant and the risk is large, the payoff could be incredible and larger than other innovators like Uber.
Innovation Idea 2
Team Member 2’s idea is a customizable home décor site where you are able to design your own décor to fit your style and customize the size/color to best fit the space. There would also be different styles and brands that the customer is able to use as inspirations and a model to build your own styles from. Consumers would be able to design and customize any home decor that they would want and custom fit it for their space. They would then place their order and the custom workman’s would put your idea into life and mail it out to you as soon as it is done. This is great for people that have tons of ideas but don’t have the time or ability to make the things themselves.
Team Member 2 put this idea to the SNIFF test, the competitive advantage of this idea is that consumers would have the flexibility of being able to order any home décor that they create or want to have made by a workman for their home. This would be a lot more convenient and creative than any home store that is in existence right now. I believe that a competitor would be able to make an argument for a winning by taking the opposite approach. This idea would still win though because a lot of the consumer’s fun and creativity comes out of them being able to design the product themselves. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
Innovation Idea 3
Team Member 3’s innovation idea is a home shipping company that you can have a better selection at picking the day and time of the delivery at no extra cost. In this day and age, a lot of people get packages stolen, and it is worrisome to the working class or just those who are away from home a lot. With this company it would give you the week of it would be ready, and you could pick which day of the week you would want it on. Also, you could pick in 2 hour increments the best time of delivery instead of something like by end of day. The main idea is to give customers better open availability and be able to have a more exact timeframe to be able to expect whatever it is that they are ordering.
Team Member 3 put this idea to the SNIFF test being that home shipping is a huge business as of right now. This would be very convenient and easy for consumers because online shopping has become more popular than shopping in store due to people being so busy all the time. This fits one of the main questions of SNIFF which is is there a sizable market for this endeavor. (2011) There are already popular shipping companies such as DHL, UPS or FEDEX, although these companies are only able to give time frames such as end of day or by 8 P.M, and most of the time these are just vague estimates. This company would also have the big idea of more accuracy to keep the shopper updated and in tune with their purchases. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
Innovation Idea 4
Team Member 4’s innovation idea is to re-design an item that every one of us uses, the toilet. With how many germophobes in the world today we should have a toilet for the home use that you do not have to use your hands to flush. I know they already have the self-flushing toilets; however, they are too expensive that people will not put them in their house or even in smaller businesses. My idea is to make a toilet that has a foot flush on it so that way no one has to use their hands for the flushing. I think making a model for this type of innovation and the results of an evaluation. We could easily identify the merits, drawbacks, and the challenges associate with this idea.
Team Member 4 put this idea to the NOMMAR, which the first questions that needs to be asked is there a need for the product or is it more of a want. The foot flush toilet is more of a need as more and more people are becoming more aware of germs. Touching anything in the bathroom causes a huge spread of germs and some people use their hand to flush the toilet with their hands while others use their foot to flush a public toilet. This innovation has lots of potential on the on the target market. I think anyone who has a toilet in their house or business, this innovation would be an easy and cheaper way than having an auto flush toilet that does not always work properly. Now after answering all of these specific items about the innovation of a Foot Flush Toilet then you should have the ability to come up with the answer to, “should we do it?” (Terwilliger, 2011).
Innovation Idea 5
Team Member 5’s innovation is a Smart Car Seat, as a parent one thing you cannot afford to forget is leaving your sleeping child in the back of the car. Smart Car Seat can help ease the minds of parents by reminding them to double check if their child is still in the car. This device is small enough to fit on a key ring with the vehicles keys and can be connected to a phone app. If the car seat detects weight and/or the car seat buckle is locked while the device is a certain distance from the car, the device will buzz, beep, and blink to alert the parent. The smart car seat can also be linked to the phone app to send alerts to phone, so no child is left behind. The target group would be new parents, nannies, babysitters, grandparents, or anyone who is driving with a young child or infant. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
The evaluation model used was SNIFF (Terwilliger, 2011). The smart car seat is a device that will help many parents ease their anxiety and unfortunately society need as an option because of the amount of children that are left in the car. This device can have a positive impact on families and even save the life of a child. It is feasible because of technology today, and can be easily linked to a smart phone. This will give parents the peace of mind they are looking for. A few drawbacks would be the target audience and the growth of technology. This device would be for those who have young children, and once those children grow out of a car seat, then there is not a need for the device. Also with technology continuously growing, the product would most likely need to “update” and improve constantly.
Chosen Innovation and Model Used to Evaluate It
Choosing a model was not easy as every single person did an outstanding job coming up with innovations. However, when it came down to it the chosen innovation was the home décor design site for those that want to be able to enter in information and dimensions of rooms or spaces within the home and then be able to enter in other data such as wall or floor colors, insert furniture photos from the owners exiting furniture and then also enter in new furniture or accessory options. The site would use partner products and purchases of those partner products would fund the site.
The issue with home décor and design, is that first one has to easily be able to enter in the customers current living spaces information and have it visually populate the data correctly and give an accurate visual representation of the existing space and then the ability to add new or change design elements and have them accurately represented with the ability to purchase them at competitive prices. The site would have to have its own complete infrastructure and the ability to be flexible, adaptive and ever changing.
In order to evaluate this innovative idea, a model for evaluating innovations must be used. The model chosen for this evaluation is NOMMAR (©2009 Jay Paap, Paap Associates) NOMMAR stands for need, options, market model, approach and relevant. In evaluating the idea of an all-inclusive subscription-based web portal for home-based businesses, NOMMAR will allow for early stage decisions as to the viability of the service by asking questions. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
N(Need). Q. Is there a customer need? Will someone want it?
There appears to be a need for this service. The service already esists. There are many home décor and design websites available that allow for import and design using 3d modeling. An example is https://freshome.com/10-best-free-online-virtual-room-programs-and-tools/
In order for the idea to be innovative, the group would need to meet and determine what different features, functionality, ease of use and what different end desired result would we want to create in order to be innovative.
O(Options) Q. Are there technology options or partner companies available that could meet the need?
The technology exists to create such a web site. There are companies that exist to create the portal, populate the portal and maintain the portal.
M(Market) Q. Is there market potential? Will someone pay for the service? CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation
There is market potential for this service. In starting a web-based décor and design site, the demand is clear as there are many participants in the market already. Th real question is how do we create something new and differentiating from the existing choices that are already out there?
M(Model) Q. Could someone create the home décor and design portal? Can this be done and is there an existing model of success that could be referenced?
Yes- there are many existing choices out there.us
A(Approach) Q. Could we do it? Could we create this company? Do we have the resources? Is it worth the risk? Will the endeavor be met with resistance?
We are a group of venture capitalists that are evaluating this innovation. We have the financial resources. We have partnerships and knowledge transfer capital that gives us the potential of the approach. It is unknown if the endeavor will be met with resistance. The big question is risk? With the significant capital required for this endeavor, an unsure adoption rate, a high new customer acquisition cost and the potential for us to be considered copycats in the market, the risk seems very high.
R(Relevant) Q. Should we do it? Should we move forward with the project? How does this fit with our overall strategy and image? What additional benefits could we see by moving forward?
The strategy of this endeavor aligns with our combined venture capitalist participant’s goals. There is an opportunity to cross market additional products and services offered by the members of the group that could bolster the group overall by moving forward.
The Process of Decision
The biggest part of the process with this assignment is figuring out the who will do what and setting up deadlines that each and every one will be able to meet. Team Member 4 has assigned Team Member 1 to come up with an actual name for the service as well as describe the value the new product will provide for the people of the world as well as the need it will meet. Team Member 4 will also help Team Member 1with both tasks to help reach the requirements of both the assigned tasks. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation. Team Member 5 and Team Member 2 will work together to utilize the model NOMMAR to create a detailed plan for the home decor innovation. Team Member 3 and Team Member 4 will create the visuals of charts and graphs to show the professional appeal of the plan and innovation. Research will be done by each person of the group, however Team Member 4 and Team Member 5 will do research on product development, Team Member 2 and Team Member 3 will do their research on management processes and Team Member 1 and Team Member 4 will research methodologies, Team Member 5 and Team Member 3 will research models. Each research done by each person should come with an in-text citation so that we will meet the six secondary sources needed to complete phase two of this group assignment. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
References:
10 Best Free Online Virtual Home Room Programs. (Gibson, R. 2015.) Retrieved from:
10 Best Free Online Virtual Room Programs and Tools
67 Home Based Business ideas, Start Making Money Now, (Rose, J. 2019). Retrieved from:
http://www.creativerealities.com/innovationist-blog/bid/54707/Two-models-for-evaluating-early-
innovation
May, M. E. (n.d.). A Sniff Test for Strategy. Retrieved from: https://www.innovationexcellence.com
/blog/2018/02/11/a-sniff-test-for-strategy/
NOMMAR: Creative Realities Inc. Two Models for Evaluating Early Innovation (©2009 Jay Paap, Paap
Associates) Retrieved from: http://www.creativerealities.com/innovationist-blog/bid/54707/Two-
models-for-evaluating-early-innovation CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation
SNIFF Test Criteria. March 2011. Retrieved from http://www.creativerealities.com/innovationist-
blog/bid/54706/The-SNIFF-test-criteria-for-early-innovation-decision-making
Terwilliger, J. (2011). Creative Realities inc. Two models for evaluating early innovation.
Retrieved from: http://www.creativerealities.com/innovationist-blog/bid/54707/Two-
models-for-evaluating-early-innovation
The white team has evaluated our individual member’s innovative ideas. We used a variety of different evaluation methods including NOMMAR, SWOT, and SNIFF.
These ideas are presented as follows: Innovator’s name and idea.
Innovation #1
For many of us with vehicle, we may find ourselves without the proper knowledge to properly assess a problem with our vehicles. Most of the time when it comes to vehicle problems, it usually is a servicing issue and/or people just simply do not know how to diagnose a faulty system. A great innovation ideas that there could be the creation of an in-vehicle automatic serving and diagnostic system in every vehicle for everybody who doesn’t seem to have the capability to perform everyday preventative/periodical maintenance on a vehicle. The ideas of the system is that it is a vehicle mounted box with different compartments with all of the necessary fluids to service any system on a vehicle. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation. The unit will not only be connected to every system via hoses but, the unit will also house a diagnostic unit that will visually display what the current problems is/are on the vehicle instead of a code from a diagnostic tool you find at a local garage. At the push of a button, the system will service the necessary systems with replenishment fluids in order to meet the vehicle standards. This will ultimately lower the costs of going to a local garage to have a particular system serviced and as well as lower the costs of troubleshooting systems. We have all had it done to us, we go to the dealership and they tell you that one component is bad, then they tell us that another component is bad. We end up spending too much money for maintenance. This innovation can help all of the people that who are not vehicle savvy save time and money. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation 3
To evaluate this innovation, there are two methods that the innovation can be evaluated by using NOMMAR and SNIFF. Certain aspects of both would be great to use for example, SNIFF uses Feasibility as a key criteria. NOMMAR uses both “A realistic Approach (we could do it), and “O: Technology options” — two ways of considering feasibility (Creative Realities Inc., 2011). The NOMMAR tactic will be used to assess the idea. NOMMAR – a rational and risk-sensitive approach to choosing opportunities. The process consists of six steps that include: (N): is there a customer need? (Someone will want it), (O): are their technology options? (Someone can meet the need), (M): is there a potential market? (Someone will pay), (M) is there a business model? (Someone could do it), (A): do we have a realistic approach? (We could do it), and (R): is it relevant? (We should do it) (Paap, 2008). The NOMMAR tool is useful for ideas in their early stages of life. To break down the idea, there would be customers that would want to have the product in their vehicles. There is a great customer need for simplicity and low difficulty to operate. Yes, there are technology options. There are several vehicle engineering companies that could quickly create a prototype for the testing of the product. Yes, there is a potential market for the servicing/diagnostic unit, those people include those who do not have the necessary knowledge to perform simple servicing and troubleshooting on their vehicles. Yes, there could be a potential business model but, it would take more planning in order to further evaluate the product. Yes, this product could be the real deal. With the amount of technology in the world today, there is not limit on what we can do to a vehicle in terms of safety and making things simple for people. Finally yes, it is relevant, there is a need for maintenance on a vehicle. The automobile industry will continue to grow and so will the amount of maintenance performed. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation 4
Innovation #2
This idea for a fitness monitoring shoe that will allow the wearer to monitor many aspects of their daily walking running or exercising routine. The shoe will be available in either walking or running shoes or cross-trainers. The shoes will have built in micro monitor units that send signals to a smart-phone app. The shoes will have a built in micro battery (much like a watch). Upon the initial purchase, the owner/user will set-up their profile within the application software. We can even set-up an auto e-mail function. This profile set-up will contain the common biological outlines such as height, weight, and age. There will be a variety of settings the wearer can use including heartrate, calories burned, miles walked (or ran). The shoes will also be able to monitor weight, pressure and balance, which can help posture. These shoes will have GPS on them, and can be used to monitor military troop movements as well as manage stress. Some names I have coined for possible trademark/copyright are: “Fitness Shoes,’ “Shoe-fit,” “Exer-shoe,” “Fit-feet,” “Fit-Shoe,” “MDwalkers,’ and “Footness Shoe,’
What the shoe will monitor.
Heartrate Distance walked 3. Distance ran 4. Weight
Calories burned Pressure 7. Rest 8. Center of Gravity
GPS Temperature
I am using the SWOT analysis. “External and internal analysis combined constitute a SWOT analysis.” (Ch. 2 pg. 83)
Strengths:
While there are fitness tracking devices available in the market, there are none that incorporate the shoe. The fitness shoe will be the first of its kind to connect the two. Using a CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation 5
fitness tracking device in the shoe allows for more tracking capabilities. Fitness shoe can track up to 8, while most other non-foot/shoe oriented tracking devices only track 2 to 3 items.
Weaknesses:
People are very market oriented to new gadgets, would need to test market for success determinations. The shoe itself may not be appealing to the consumer. Would need an appealing design/look.
Opportunities:
Fitness shoe could expand its product base by offering “companion” products with the shoe. Lighted shoelaces that light up at designated times/occurrences. Or special socks could be a few. Also, a new product spin-off could create “shoe-liners” that incorporate the same technology only in a shoe liner that can be fitted a person’s preferred shoe.
Partnering with a leading footwear manufacturer could reduce costs.
Threats:
With a market of fitness tracking devices already out there, Footness shoe could be copied fairly easily and have direct competitors quickly.
Innovation #3
There are a lot of different fitness trackers out on the market. Very few have a sleep a tracker built into them. Most of these fitness trackers are large and bulky including the fitbit that you can wear on your wrist. There are people who may not want to wear something that resembles a watch when they sleep or may not be able to due to medical conditions. My husband has carpal tunnel and needs to wear braces to sleep. He has the fitbit but is unable to wear it comfortably under his braces. The new Slim Fit Z will allow the freedom to wear it on your finger. The Slim Fit Z will be a thin ring one can wear with a small built in chip that will keep track of one’s pulse and monitor ones sleeping habits. The data can easily be synced to one’s phone or to the computer. It will come with a small box like charger that you can drop the ring in
CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation 6
for easy charging and safekeeping. The consumer will set up an initial profile with their age, weight, height, and their personal preferences.
While there are products out on the market that track sleep consumers want smaller, more convenient ways to rack their health. By creating the Slim Fit Z the consumers need for something better and smaller would be filled. The SNIFF innovation model could be used to determine how much of a need there is for this product. The product would help meet our vision for improving one’s lifestyle. It would meet the need for consumers to have smaller, more convenient ways to track their health. Given the consumers need to want to spend money it would certainly have more than enough opportunity to meet demand. We would have to create a timeline to base production off of but can be completed in a reasonable amount of time. Consumers are always looking for the latest in technology to purchase so this would be a good investment. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
Innovation #4
With many different sources of transportation available on any given day there are too many that are not eco-friendly. In most places the means of transportation that is able to carry mass amounts of people in local towns and cities are buses. These buses use excessive amounts of fuel to operate. There are many people who do not want to pollute the Earth by using this source or those even stuck behind in their vehicle that have to smell the exhaust from the exhaust pipes. Gas is very expensive, the Earth is dying from pollution, and it is harmful to mine for gas. The Eco-Earth buses will solve this problem by enabling people to choice a means of transportation that is not as damaging to the Earth. It will receive its power from natural sources
CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation 7
that are recycled. The recycled items will include grass and yard clippings mixed with human waste from the sewage plant. The mulch substance would be shipped to a plant that is also Earth friendly using solar paneled equipment to mix the items together continuously to ferment them into a liquid fuel source. Buses would fuel up with the liquid fuel mixture that would in turn allow them to operate. The product would help meet our vision for improving a person’s impact on the environment. The Eco-Earth buses would meet the need for consumers to have a greener way to travel from one place to another. Consumers using this means of transportation would need to travel and therefore it would meet the demand while solving the problem of pollution. Consumers are looking for ways to do their part with saving the Earth, re-inventing things to ensure they are cleaner and safe for the Earth, and contributing to their carbon footprint. Eco-Earth buses are a step in the right direction.
While each idea we feel is worthy of pursuit, our team has chosen innovation #3 “Slim Fit Z” as our innovation choice. The model that was used to evaluate our chosen innovation idea was SNIFF. The results of our evaluation are as follows:
S
trategy: How well does this fit with our strategy and further our Vision?
White team feels that the Slim Fit Z idea has solid attributes that fit perfectly into our strategy of bringing a new and innovative fitness tracker to market.
N
eed: How well does this address an important consumer/customer need?
Our innovation fits perfectly into an important consumer need. Which is the ability to monitor a person’s health vitals. We will supply the platform for doing that with “Slim fit Z.”
CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation 8
I
mpact: Opportunity Size. Have we envisioned a sizable enough market with money to spend?
The fitness tracker market is well established and will support new and innovative products.
F
easibility: Can it be done technically within our timeframe? CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation
While our timeframe can be flexible, one year from conception is adequate. The technology is already available. Slim fit Z takes that technology and applies it in the same application and purpose, but in a new way.
F
eel: Most important — What does your “Educated Gut” say?
From the prospective of intuition and examination of the current fitness trackers on the market, white team feels positive that this innovation can and will be successful.
The Project Plan and schedule will have many challenges, some of which are development of a secure website for registration, manufacture costs, and marketing.
The roles and tasks associated with this project plan are essential to its completion. White team will take our evaluated idea and implement the project plan process. It is through project planning that white team will summarize and assign the roles and tasks as follows.
(Project Manager), will compile team member’s contributions, organize, and schedule completion date. This role will also monitor and control our team’s progress.
(Project Team), All members will research and describe a product development or management process, methodology, or model that could be utilized to implement the innovation.
(Project Team Member), will describe the value the new product or service will provide to customers and describe the need it will meet.
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(Project Team Member), will utilizing the model selected by the team, create the detailed implementation plan for the innovation. This person will also finalize the name of the product and include a description.
(Project Team Member), will make sure the plan accounts for contingencies/risks in the implementation process and includes realistic timeframe and budgeting considerations.
(Project Team Member), will use graphics such as organizational charts, process maps, and/or budget tables as appropriate to increase the readability and professional appeal of the plan.
(Project Team), All members will include in-text citations from at least six secondary sources. Each person on the team must contribute an article from the research that was completed on product development or management processes, methodologies, and/or models.
Finally, we as a team are confident that our innovation “Slim fit Z,” will create a positive impact in a market that is evolving. CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation.
References
Creative Realities Inc. (2011, April 5).
The Innovationist: Two models for evaluating early innovation
. Retrieved from Creative Realities Inc.: Catalysts for Collaborative Innovation: http://www.creativerealities.com/innovationist-blog/bid/54707/Two-models-for-evaluating-early-innovation
Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2014).
Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage
(9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. ISBN-13: 9780078112768
http://managementstudyguide.com/swot-analysis.htm
Paap, J. (2008).
Evaluating & Choosing Opportunities When ROI is Unpredictable
.
Retrieved from The Management Roundtable:
http://www.roundtable.com/membership/quick-insights/paap
The “SNIFF” test – criteria for early innovation decision making. (n.d.). Retrieved July 17, 2015, from http://www.creativerealities.com/innovationist-blog/bid/54706/The-SNIFF-test-criteria-for-early-innovation-decision-making
Weiss, T. (2013).
Innovation Starts Within: Implementing Innovation in Organizations
. Retrieved from http://www.trendsspotting.com/blog/?p=2298 CLC: Phase 1-Proposing, Evaluating, and Selecting an Innovation