PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay

PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay

This needs to be like a parent guide brochure covering the following areas

Signs and symptoms

Pathophysiology

How the disorder is diagnosed

Treatment options Thanks

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Pica is an eating disorder characterized by eating non-food products that do not contain significant nutritional value. E.g. paint chips, dirt, soap, paper, ash, charcoal, chalk, soil, ice, starch, clay, wool, cloth, string and hair (Hartmann & Jurilj, 2017).

Signs and Symptoms

Stomach pain

Stomach upset

Blood in stool

Bowel problems. E.g. diarrhea or constipation

Developmentally inappropriate ingestion of substances

Eating substances that are not socially normative practice or culturally supported for at least once a month

PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay

 

Diagnosis

Clinical history

No laboratory tests

Anemia tests

Pica is related to:
(
Delaney et al., 2015)

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Micronutrient deficiency

Neurological conditions

Gastrointestinal distress

 

Pathophysiology

Brain damage due to poisoning. E.g. from consuming lead vanishes and paints

Neurological problems

Death

Gastrointestinal tract damage causing constipation, abdominal distention, nausea, ulceration

Deficiency of minerals and nutrients: E.g. Vitamin C and D, Zinc, Iron, Phosphorous, Calcium, Thiamin, niacin

Dental abnormalities e.g. tooth surface loss, abrasion, abfraction and mouth cancer. (Nayak et al., 2017)

Infection and parasitic infestation

Toxocariasis and  Ascariasis can occur from consumption of soil

PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay

 

Treatment

Correction of mineral deficiencies

Behavioral interventions

Redirection of attention away from desired substances

Rewards for discarding non-food items

Physical restraint (Kennedy, Wick & Keel, 2018).

 

References

Delaney, C. B., Eddy, K. T., Hartmann, A. S., Becker, A. E., Murray, H. B., & Thomas, J. J. (2015). Pica and rumination behavior among individuals seeking treatment for eating disorders or obesity. 
International Journal of Eating Disorders
, 
48
(2), 238-248.

Hartmann, A. S., & Jurilj, V. (2017). Pica. In 
Handbook of DSM-5 Disorders in Children and Adolescents
 (pp. 319-332). Springer, Cham.

Kennedy, G. A., Wick, M. R., & Keel, P. K. (2018). Eating disorders in children: is avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder a feeding disorder or an eating disorder and what are the implications for treatment?. 
F1000Research
, 
7
.

Nayak, S. V., Kini, R., Shetty, U., Rao, P. K., Kashyap, R. R., & Bhandarkar, G. (2017). Pica-an eating disorder: A report and review. 
Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences
, 
5
(1), 82. PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay