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NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments

PHI 413V Week 1 Assignment: Personal Worldview Inventory

Write an 800-1,000 word essay on your personal worldview. Briefly discuss the various possible meanings of the term “spirituality,” and your understanding of the concepts of pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. Primarily, address the following seven basic worldview questions:

What is prime reality?

What is the nature of the world around you?

What is a human being?

What happens to a person at death?

Why is it possible to know anything at all?

How do people know what is right or wrong?

What is the meaning of human history?

NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments

Prepare this NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

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This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

PHI 413V Week 1 Topic 1 Discussion 1

The ethos of scientism and postmodernism has exacerbated the perceived philosophical and cultural tension between science and religion. What is your perception of this tension? Use the lecture and the topic readings to support your response.

PHI 413V Week 1 Topic 1 Discussion  2

What aspects of the topic readings do you find the most interesting? What is your view of the analysis of disease and healing in the readings? Explain.

PHI 413V Week 5 Topic 5 Discussion 1:

What is your definition of “spiritual care?” How does it differ or accord with the description given in the topic readings? Explain. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

PHI 413V Week 5 Topic 5 Discussion 2:

When it comes to facilitating spiritual care for patients with worldviews different from your own, what are your strengths and weaknesses? If you were the patient, who would have the final say in terms of ethical decision-making and intervention in the event of a difficult situation?

PHI 413V Week 4 Benchmark Assignment – Spiritual Needs Assessment And Reflection

This assignment requires you to interview one person and requires an analysis of your interview experience.

Part I: Interview

Select a patient, a family member, or a friend to interview. Be sure to focus on the interviewee’s experience as a patient, regardless of whom you choose to interview. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

Review The Joint Commission resource found in topic materials, which provides some guidelines for creating spiritual assessment tools for evaluating the spiritual needs of patients. Using this resource and any other guidelines/examples that you can find, create your own tool for assessing the spiritual needs of patients.

Your spiritual needs assessment survey must include a minimum of five questions that can be answered during the interview. During the interview, document the interviewee’s responses.

The transcript should include the questions asked and the answers provided. Be sure to record the responses during the interview by taking detailed notes. Omit specific names and other personal information through which the interviewee can be determined. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

Part II: Analysis

Write a 500-750 word analysis of your interview experience. Be sure to exclude specific names and other personal information from the interview. Instead, provide demographics such as sex, age, ethnicity, and religion. Include the following in your response:

What went well?

Were there any barriers or challenges that inhibited your ability to complete the assessment tool? How would you address these in the future or change your assessment to better address these challenges?

How can this tool assist you in providing appropriate interventions to meet the needs of your patient?

Did you discover that illness and stress amplified the spiritual concern and needs of your interviewee? Explain your answer with examples. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

Submit both the transcript of the interview and the analysis of your results. This should be submitted as one document. The interview transcript does not figure into the word count.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

This benchmark assignment assesses the following competencies:

CONHCP Program Competencies for the RN-BSN:

5.2: Assess for the spiritual needs and provide appropriate interventions for individuals, families, and groups.

Analysis Of “Case Study: Fetal Abnormality.”

Write a 250-500 word analysis of “Case Study: Fetal Abnormality.” Be sure to address the following questions:

Which theory or theories are being used by Jessica, Marco, Maria, and Dr. Wilson to determine the moral status of the fetus? Explain.

How does the theory determine or influence each of their recommendation for action?

What theory do you agree with?  How would the theory determine or influence the recommendation for action?

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

This assignment must be turned into to the Turn it In, Must be 20% or less in plagiarism.

Case Study: Fetal Abnormality

Jessica is a 30-year-old immigrant from Mexico City. She and her husband Marco have been in the United States for the last three years and have finally earned enough money to move out of their Aunt Maria’s home and into an apartment of their own. They are both hard workers. Jessica works 50 hours a week at a local restaurant and Marco has been contracting side jobs in construction. Six months before their move to an apartment, Jessica finds out she is pregnant.

Four months later, Jessica and Marco arrive at the county hospital, a large, public, nonteaching hospital. A preliminary ultrasound indicates a possible abnormality with the fetus. Further scans are conducted, and it is determined that the fetus has a rare condition in which it has not developed any arms and will not likely develop them. There is also a 25% chance that the fetus may have Down syndrome.

Dr. Wilson, the primary attending physician, is seeing Jessica for the first time, since she and Marco did not receive earlier prenatal care over concerns about finances. Marco insists that Dr. Wilson refrain from telling Jessica the scan results, assuring him that he will tell his wife himself when she is emotionally ready for the news. While Marco and Dr. Wilson are talking in another room, Aunt Maria walks into the room with a distressed look on her face. She can tell that something is wrong and inquires of Dr. Wilson. After hearing of the diagnosis, she walks out of the room wailing loudly and praying aloud NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

Marco and Dr. Wilson continue their discussion, and Dr. Wilson insists that he has an obligation to Jessica as his patient and that she has a right to know the diagnosis of the fetus. He furthermore is intent on discussing all relevant factors and options regarding the next step, including abortion. Marco insists on taking some time to think of how to break the news to Jessica, but Dr. Wilson, frustrated with the direction of the conversation, informs the husband that such a choice is not his to make. Dr. Wilson proceeds back across the hall, where he walks in on Aunt Maria awkwardly praying with Jessica and phoning the priest. At that point, Dr. Wilson gently but briefly informs Jessica of the diagnosis and lays out the option for abortion as a responsible medical alternative, given the quality of life such a child would have. Jessica looks at him and struggles to hold back her tears.

Jessica is torn between her hopes of a better socioeconomic position and increased independence, along with her conviction that all life is sacred. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments Marco will support Jessica in whatever decision she makes but is finding it difficult not to view the pregnancy and the prospects of a disabled child as a burden and a barrier to their economic security and plans. Dr. Wilson lays out all of the options but clearly makes his view known that abortion is “scientifically” and medically a wise choice in this situation. Aunt Maria pleads with Jessica to follow through with the pregnancy and allow what “God intends” to take place and urges Jessica to think of her responsibility as a mother.

PHI.413V Week 1 Discussion Question 1:
 The ethos of scientism and postmodernism has exacerbated the perceived philosophical and cultural tension between science and religion. What is your perception of this tension? Use the lecture and the topic readings to support your response. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

PHI 413V Week 1 Discussion Question 2:
 What aspects of the topic readings do you find the most interesting? What is your view of the analysis of disease and healing in the readings? Explain.

PHI’413V Week 2 Discussion Question 1:
 What is the Christian concept of the imago dei? How might it be important to healthcare, and why is it relevant?

PHI 413V Week 2 Discussion Question 2:
 As you reflect on Meilaender’s readings, what is his distinction between procreation and reproduction, as well as that of being begotten versus being made? Do you agree with his description? Why or why not?

PHI.413V Week 3 Discussion Question 1:
 Principalism, especially in the context of bioethics in the United States, has often been critiqued for raising the principle of autonomy to the highest place, such that it trumps all other principles or values. How would you rank the importance of each of the four principles? How do you believe they would be ordered in the context of the Christian biblical narrative? Refer to the lecture and topic readings in your response. NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

PHI 413V Week 3 Discussion Question 2:
 What do the four parts of the Christian Biblical Narrative (i.e., creation, fall, redemption, and restoration) say about the nature of God and of reality in relation to the reality of sickness and disease? From where would one find comfort and hope in the light of illness according to this narrative? Explain in detail each part of the narrative above and analyze the implications.

PHI 413V Week 3 CAT Question:
 In chapter 8 of Called to Care (2006), Shelly discusses the ideas of James Boice, who identified four social effects of trying to build a human society apart from dependence upon the loving Creator God. Please name these four effects by replying below.

PHI 413V Week 3 EXTRA Question:
 In chapter nine of Called to Care (2006), Shelly discusses the idea of defining hope through Mary Thompson’s definition (pg 171). What role does this description of hope have in a health care environment? How important do you think this topic is in care-taking?

PHI’413V Week 4 Discussion Question 1:
 How often do you engage with or witness death in your work? How has this experience or the lack of it shaped your view of death? Has it gotten easier or harder for you to accept the fact of death? As you explain, include your clinical specialty.

PHI 413V Week 4 Discussion Question 2:
 Reflect on the analysis of the sin of suicide and thus, euthanasia from the topic readings. Do you agree? Why or why not? NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments. Refer to the lecture and topic readings in your response.

PHI 413V Week 4 Discussion CAT Question:
 What are the five stages of loss and grief?

PHI 413V Week 4 Optional DQ (Extra Participation):
 The Pew Research Center has conducted surveys on end-of-life decisions finding “…most Americans say there are some circumstances in which doctors and nurses should allow a patient to die………Do you agree with some of the findings? Do you disagree?

PHI.413V Week 5 Discussion Question 1:
 What is your definition of “spiritual care?” How does it differ or accord with the description given in the topic readings? Explain.

PHI 413V Week 5 Discussion Question 2:
 When it comes to facilitating spiritual care for patients with worldviews different from your own, what are your strengths and weaknesses? If you were the patient, who would have the final say in terms of ethical decision-making and intervention in the event of a difficult situation? NURSING PHI 413V Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Health Care Essay Assignments.

This Spiritual Needs Assessment And Reflection – PHI 413V Week 4 Benchmark Assignment requires you to interview one person and requires an analysis of your interview experience.

Part I: Interview

Select a patient, a family member, or a friend to interview. Be sure to focus on the interviewee’s experience as a patient, regardless of whom you choose to interview.

Review The Joint Commission resource found in topic materials, which provides some guidelines for creating spiritual assessment tools for evaluating the spiritual needs of patients. Using this resource and any other guidelines/examples that you can find, create your own tool for assessing the spiritual needs of patients. Spiritual Needs Assessment And Reflection – PHI 413V Week 4 Benchmark Assignment

Your spiritual needs assessment survey must include a minimum of five questions that can be answered during the interview. During the interview, document the interviewee’s responses.

The transcript should include the questions asked and the answers provided. Be sure to record the responses during the interview by taking detailed notes. Omit specific names and other personal information through which the interviewee can be determined. Spiritual Needs Assessment And Reflection – PHI 413V Week 4 Benchmark Assignment.

Part II: Analysis

Write a 500-750 word analysis of your interview experience. Be sure to exclude specific names and other personal information from the interview. Instead, provide demographics such as sex, age, ethnicity, and religion. Include the following in your response:

What went well?

Were there any barriers or challenges that inhibited your ability to complete the assessment tool? How would you address these in the future or change your assessment to better address these challenges? Spiritual Needs Assessment And Reflection – PHI 413V Week 4 Benchmark Assignment.

How can this tool assist you in providing appropriate interventions to meet the needs of your patient?

Did you discover that illness and stress amplified the spiritual concern and needs of your interviewee? Explain your answer with examples.

Submit both the transcript of the interview and the analysis of your results. This should be submitted as one document. The interview transcript does not figure into the word count.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this Spiritual Needs Assessment And Reflection – PHI 413V Week 4 Benchmark Assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

This benchmark assignment assesses the following competencies:

CONHCP Program Competencies for the RN-BSN:

5.2: Assess for the spiritual needs and provide appropriate interventions for individuals, families, and groups. Spiritual Needs Assessment And Reflection – PHI 413V Week 4 Benchmark Assignment.

Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism

PHI 413V Week 1 Assignment: Personal Worldview Inventory

Write an 800-1,000 word essay on your personal worldview. Briefly discuss the various possible meanings of the term “spirituality,” and your understanding of the concepts of pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. Primarily, address the following seven basic worldview questions:

What is prime reality?

What is the nature of the world around you?

What is a human being?

What happens to a person at death?

Why is it possible to know anything at all?

How do people know what is right or wrong?

What is the meaning of human history?

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required for Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

PHI 413V Week 1 Topic 1 Discussion 1

The ethos of scientism and postmodernism has exacerbated the perceived philosophical and cultural tension between science and religion. What is your perception of this tension? Use the lecture and the topic readings to support your response.

PHI 413V Week 1 Topic 1 Discussion  2

What aspects of the topic readings do you find the most interesting? What is your view of the analysis of disease and healing in the readings? Explain. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

 

Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism – Sample Essay 1

Spirituality is applied differently for every human being. Someone can exercise their spirituality by doing prayer in the church or mosque or temples (Dennis, 2014). But someone may exercise his or her spiritual side by silent and private prayer, yoga, meditation etc.

Pluralism is a policy concerning with the diversity of religious believe which are co exist in the society. According to worldview one religion believes is not solitary and elite source of the divine truth (Rouner, 1984). Acceptance of two or more religious believe mutually is even valid for the purpose.

Scientism is an application or believes which is applicable universally. This is a scientific approach. It is an observation that experiential science comprises the majority reliable worldview or the majority precious part of individual knowledge to the elimination of other point of view (Williams & Robinson, 2014). Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

Postmodernism is kind of religious believe which is influenced by the postmodern philosophies. This view considers and examines the orthodox views of the religious faith and applications. Postmodern understandings of religion admit and worth a variety of miscellaneous explanations of truth (Hungerford, 2010). There is a negative response of pointed difference and worldwide Meta narrative in the sphere of postmodern belief and this reproduce one of the nucleus of the philosophy.

In spiritual believe prime reality refers to the sole power of God and only God (Gaston, 1999). This view reflects the view that God is not touchable and invisible, we have to feel the presence by the spiritual understanding. The person who believes in God, they viewed that God has extreme power and there is no boundary of the expectation from the supreme power.

Nature is created by the God for our living and maintains our family. It is created by the supreme power to maintain our personal relationships. It present around us as it created by an autonomous supreme power.

In the discussion of spirituality, the discussion of human being is obvious. It is the basic question the basic question that whether God created human being by his imagination or the human beings are just the naked Ape. According to the spiritual concept, we can claim that human beings are created by God at his imagination but if we consider the post modern concept of spirituality we may conclude that human beings are created by nature.

This is also a major question in this part is that what happened to a person after death. the transformation may apply here. The spiritual believes state that the sole of a human being never dies; it is the body which extinguishes after the death of a human being.

We are made by the supreme almighty who has the knowledge about everything. He can be detonated as all knowing God. The intelligence has developed under the several long process of evolution. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

We have the understanding about right or wrong because we are created by God. The spiritual believes declares that the nature of the God is always good and that is the reason for that we can determine and discriminate between the good and bad thing around us. The scientific theory states that it is the effect of our social and cultural upbringing which helps us to understand the meaning of good and bad.

Human history considered to be based on the particular question that whether we come from the God or something else? General believes declares that the purpose of the God is to make paradise on the Earth for this reason. The human life and community is based on this theory. Scientific and post modernism theories state that the human beings are developed in the by the evolution in the nature.

By the answer of the all question we can get an idea about the human and spiritual believes. It denotes the theory of originality of human being. It will help the human being to understand the concept of right and wrong in human being. The theories apply to the structure of family and human needs. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism Along with these entire queries in mind, we have a concise appear at what are possibly the chief worldviews so as to people clutch in this contemporary planet. It is significant to measure that the subsequent précis are tremendously brief, and we can think in unsophisticated way. The theory of spirituality and believes are reflected the view of originality of the human being. The spiritual practices are now influenced by the modern waves. This brings more scientific views and ways in the theory. It encourages more modern approaches and reasoning to the general spiritual believes.

References

Dennis, P. (2014). Spirituality. Cork: BookBaby.

Gaston, R. (1999). God, Religion and Reality. Theology, 102(806), 132-133. doi:10.1177/0040571×9910200218

Hungerford, A. (2010). Postmodern belief. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Rouner, L. (1984). Religious pluralism. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press.

WAAIJMAN, K. (2007). Spirituality – a Multifaceted Phenomenon. Studies In Spirituality, 17(0), 1-113. doi:10.2143/sis.17.0.2024643

Williams, R., & Robinson, D. (2014). Scientism. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism – sample essay 2

Understanding your personal worldview is important because this is how we assess all aspects of life the world around us and our place in it. The Christian worldview the laws of logic are universal and unchanging because they reflect the nature of the living God. How do people define the terms God, Ethics, and Knowledge? How do the terms affect the daily lives of others? I have found during my worldview search, that these three components play a huge role in how I shape my thoughts experiences, education, and life decisions.

My beliefs about the existence and the character of God (Theology), the nature of Knowledge (Epistemology), and discussing the main question is truth relative? In addition I have discussed my beliefs about Ethics (Morality) and who is right and wrong? Who defines right and wrong? Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. Are the moral laws the same for all people in all cultures?

It is difficult for the natural man to believe in something he cannot see, touch, or feel (1Cor.2:14).The question for the Christian is solved with the first verse in the Bible. “In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth” (Gen.1:1) the greatest proof in addition to scripture is our daily fellowship in prayer, Gods revelations and our personal experiences. (Psalms 19:1) states “The Heavens declare the Glory of God and the firmament shows His handy work.” This passage is clearly saying there is no excuse for man not to believe in God, for the beauty and the glory of the Heavens speak loudly saying “God exists.”

Knowledge is possible because of how God has made us. We learn from our senses our experiences, but all true knowledge is ultimately dependent upon God. (Proverbs1:7).”The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom an instruction.” Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

Ethics, or that which is good, is a reflection of the character of God. God is the standard of good by which all things are measured, and his standards are revealed through his word. Moral laws are pretty much the same in all cultures, but their moral reasoning can be different depending on the specific culture. “But seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things shall be added to you.”(Matthew 6:33). The only real ethic is to glorify God by having faith in him and giving his kingdom priority in our lives. God has given us his revelation and to guide us in ethics, in knowing what we should and should not do.

The book of Proverbs was given to us to teach us the right conduct. “To know wisdom and instruction; to perceive the words of understanding, to receive the instruction of wisdom, justice and judgment, and equity: to give subtlety to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion. A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; and a man of understanding shall attain unto wise counsels. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.” Clearly the Bible teaches that truth is absolute and that it exists under the authority and revelation of Jesus Christ.

Religion describes our connection to God as the one thing that exists. From this foundation we see the clear connection of how our worldviews are formed. Understanding ones personal and Christian worldviews are important, because they are determining factor of our moral code and ethics, and other beliefs. These worldviews give us a general picture of all reality, which we relate our experiences and knowledge. It helps us to put our daily experiences and choices into clearer prospective. (Cosgrove, p. 28)

As a Christian my worldviews are important for my on salvation, for the well-being of my family, for the betterment of my community and workplace. A Christian worldview is powered by knowing the Spirit that lives inside of us is greater than the spirit who lives in the world. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. I can do no less than to love the Lord thy God with all my heart and soul. “The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the light that all men through Him might believe.”(1 John 7)

Conclusion

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In conclusion the personal world view is a substantial part of how we relate to life, world events, each other, and helps us determine our part in this introspective living experience. The Christian Worldview and how it supports Christianity, which is necessary in building a relationship with the “Living God.” People across the world have their individual personal views relating to God, ethics, and knowledge and strive to perfect their religion, which is necessary in building a relationship with the creator. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

 

Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism sample essay 3

Personal Worldview Inventory

A worldview is the ultimate basis of reality, common among cultures, made up of classes, norms, and values that offer the lens through which people observe the universe(Shelly & Miller, 2006). Due to a worldview’s wide perspective every person’s world view is unique; however similarities can be noted within families, communities, and cultures. Spirituality can heavily influence an individual’s world view and needs to be considered in order to holistically care for a person. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. The philosophical models of scientism and postmodernism are a present-day hindrance to full approval of spirituality in healthcare. My worldview is strongly influenced by my faith; however my science rich background is also abundantly present, demonstrating the potential for a pluralistic relationship.

Philosophical Concepts and Spirituality

           
Spirituality is a person’s discernment of beliefs that relate to their connection with others and the connotation of life (“What is spirituality,” 2015). This is an all-encompassing definition since spirituality can emanate in several forms. This practice is not necessarily religious, but it is greatly important in the holistic treatment of patients. For many years now in the medical grounds spirituality and religion has been pushed out in a sense. Patient’s spirituality was not included in conversations or patient histories. However, folks’ spirituality has solid effects on their worldview and can be exploited in offering enhanced care. Spirituality has also been revealed to reduce mortality, raise the level of coping skills, and intensify recovery times (Puchalski, 2001)

Lone reasons for exclusion of spirituality from healthcare and nursing is due to the philosophical models of scientism and postmodernism. Scientism is the acceptance that if information about something was not acquired via science then it is not real (“Foundations,” 2015) Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. Postmodernism is comparable to relativism as it rejects all assertions of total knowledge, role of reason, and rationality in science (Taylor & Taylor, 2014). This perception states that facts are comparative to discernment.

These models have subdued spiritualism since they left no room for pluralism, the receipt of range of beliefs and practices (Shelly & Miller, 2006). The theories of scientism and postmodernism disregard ethical reasoning and are incapable of fully encompassing the whole depiction of human life. I believe that there are small pieces of these concepts that can coexist together which can promote a person’s spirituality and contribute to their worldview Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. For example, acknowledging the importance to not accept everything we are told, as well as acknowledging the important role that science plays in health care, while being aware it is not capable of standing alone nor should it try.

Sire’s Seven Questions

           
According to James Sire there are seven questions that must be responded for one to comprehend their worldview. The foremost query is, what is prime reality? This question asks what is actually real in the world. I individually have faith in a god, which is my authenticity. The next query reconnoitered how people perceived the nature of the world around us. I am disputed on this query. I have faith in God’s creation of man, the heavens, and earth. However, I also believe in the concept of evolution and the probable existence of some scientific foundation to our outer reality.

The third inquiry is, what a human being is. On this, I look past the evolution concept that mentions all men being fundamentally apes. I view humans as complex, unique, living, breathing, emotion filled beings, created in the eye of God, capable of good and evil. Sire further asks what transpires to a person in death. I have undergone a pronounced deal of hurt in my existence and find luxury in having faith in existence of an afterlife, an everlasting peace where we can once again be brought back together with those that have passed on before us. I trust this life is a trial to realizing eternal peace Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

The next question is, ‘why is it possible to know anything at all?’ This question is a reflection on the study of epistemology, which is the concept of awareness with reference to its perimeters and validity (“Definition,” 2015). I believe it is probable to know what we have revealed because God is all knowing and has permitted man to crack some of the anonymities in life. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. This question is followed by how we know what is right and wrong. We are trained right and wrong since childhood. Our parents or role models chaperon us and aid us to develop a solid model scope. As Christians, we learn right and wrong via the accounts and teachings of Jesus and the bible. The last question in defining one’s worldview is recognizing what the meaning of human history is. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. The connotation of human past is a continuous tussle to be a better person, an endeavor to tread the track of Jesus. As stated formerly, a trial to gain admittance to eternal peace.

My worldviews show the influence of a Christian while recognizing and not dissipating scientific fact. I believe pluralism requires to be nurtured in healthcare to stimulate the presence of science and spirituality. In order to holistically treat and upkeep the complication of a human being, their complete worldview wants to be explored via a thorough patient history intake and awakened into their strategy of care. The lines of communication and receipt require being unlocked specifically in the experimental evidence that spirituality expands patient results. This duty is left to the healthcare supplier. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

References

Definition of epistemology. (2015). In
Merriam-Webster
. Retrieved from
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/epistemology

Foundation of Christian Spirituality in Health Care. (2015). In
Grand Canyon University lecture notes
. Retrieved March 10, 2016, from
https://lc-ugrad1.gcu.edu/learningPlatform/user/users.html?operation=home&classId=9bdc20ef-c021-4d8b-b939-12067cc3b2ef#/learningPlatform/loudBooks/loudbooks.html?viewPage=current&operation=innerPage&c

Puchalski, C. M. (2001). The role of spirituality in health care.
Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings
,
14
(4), 352-357. Retrieved March 10, 2016, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1305900/

Shelly, J. A., & Miller, A. B. (2006).
Called to care: A Christian worldview for nursing
(2nd ed.). Downers Grove, IL.: IVP Academic. Retrieved from
http://gcumedia.com/digital-resources/intervarsity-press/2006/called-to-care_a-christian-worldview-for-nursing_ebook_2e.php

Taylor, M., & Taylor, R. (2014, August 18). Is relativism and postmodernism the same? In
Seeking Our God
. Retrieved March 10, 2016, from https://seekingourgod.wordpress.com/2014/08/18/is-relativism-and-postmodernism-the-same/

What is spirituality? (2015, September). In
Reach Out
. Retrieved March 10, 2016, from http://au.reachout.com/what-is-spirituality Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism

PHI RUBRIC

The concept of spirituality is not analyzed clearly, and no distinctions are made among possible meanings of the term. Only one meaning for the term spirituality is assumed. There is no discussion or discernible grasp of the concepts of pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism.

There is surface coverage of the concept of spirituality, with some distinctions, but demonstrating poor or unclear grasp of these distinctions. There is a poor grasp and application of scientism and postmodernism to the concept of spirituality.

At least two senses of spirituality are distinguished, though the grasp of that distinction may be shallow. Grasp of scientism and postmodernism is limited to its definition, with some demonstration that its full application and significance is grasped, even if minimally.

At least two senses of spirituality, including from the text, are distinguished. Description of how spirituality is broadly defined in the context of scientism and postmodernism is provided and sufficiently demonstrates a grasp of the meaning of these concepts.

Several possible definitions of the term spirituality, including from the text, are clearly articulated and distinguished. Description of how spirituality is broadly defined in the context of scientism and postmodernism is provided and clearly demonstrates a grasp of the meaning of these concepts.

The analysis does not answer all seven questions and there is no discussion of the interconnection of the questions and their implications.

The analysis answers all seven questions but with minimal thought and any attempt at interconnection of the questions has little to no relevance. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism

The analysis answers all seven questions thoughtfully and in a detailed manner. The analysis hints at the interconnection of the questions and their implications.

The analysis answers all seven questions thoughtfully and in a detailed manner. The analysis recognizes the interconnection of the questions and their implications.

The analysis answers all seven questions thoughtfully and in a detailed manner. The analysis thoroughly explains the interconnection of the questions and their implications.

Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.

Thesis and/or main claim are insufficiently developed and/or vague; purpose is not clear.

Thesis and/or main claim are apparent and appropriate to purpose. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism

Thesis and/or main claim are clear and forecast the development of the paper. It is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.

Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive. The essence of the paper is contained within the thesis. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.

Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.

Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.

Argument shows logical progression. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.

Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.

Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.

Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.

Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.

Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism

 

Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

Template is not used appropriately, or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.

Appropriate template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken. A lack of control with formatting is apparent.

Appropriate template is used. Formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.

Appropriate template is fully used. There are virtually no errors in formatting style.

All format elements are correct. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism

%Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

Sources are not documented. Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism

Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

 

Write an 800-1,000 word essay on your personal worldview. Briefly discuss the various possible meanings of the term “spirituality,” and your understanding of the concepts of pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism. Primarily, address the following seven basic worldview questions:

What is prime reality?

What is the nature of the world around you?

What is a human being?

What happens to a person at death?

Why is it possible to know anything at all?

How do people know what is right or wrong?

What is the meaning of human history?

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this Personal Worldview Inventory and prime reality sample essay – pluralism, scientism, and postmodernism assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example
.

EKG Activity: TYPE YOUR ANSWERS IN A DIFFERENT COLOR

List each of the patients in part B of the activity and discuss how their EKG compares to the normal EKG in part A.

Patient A was normal for everything except a slightly longer QRS interval.

Patient B was normal for everything except it had a very irregular rhythm.

Patient C had a very irregular EKG with a longer heart rate, PR interval, QRS interval, and QT interval. They also had an abnormal T wave. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

Patient D had a faster heart rate than normal and a shorter QT interval. It also had an abnormal ST segment because if was not a flat line.

Patient E was very abnormal. They had a slower heart rate, longer P wave, longer PR interval, longer QT interval, irregular ST segment, and an irregular T wave.

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Patient F was normal for everything except for the rhythm which was very irregular and made it hard to calculate an accurate heart rate.

Patient G was had a much slower heart rate than normal and a much longer PR interval. Besides those the rest were normal. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

Patient H had a heart rate on the slow side, although it was still within normal range. It also had a longer PR interval, longer QRS interval, and slightly longer QT interval.

Patient I was very irregular and did not even have a T wave.Their QT interval was shorter, the QRS interval was longer, the P wave was longer, and the PR interval was longer. Additionally, the heart rate was much too fast.

What is the cardiac conduction system?

The cardiac conduction system is the group of specialized cardiac cells in the heart which are responsible for conducting electrical activity in the heart. It sends signals to the heart muscles which tell them to contract.

What are the three crucial parts of the cardiac conduction system?

The sinoatrial node (also called the pacemaker), the atrioventricular node, and the his-purkinje system.

What is the function of the SA node?

The SA node starts the electrical impulses that cause the heart to beat.

What is the function of the AV node?

The AV node receives signals from the SA node and carry them into the ventricles.

What is the function of the His-Purkinje System?

The His-Purkinje system are the fibers that actually carry the electrical impulses to the ventricles starting at the His bundles fibers and ending in the PUrkinje fibers.

Explain how an electrical impulse created in the SA node eventually leads to the contraction of the ventricles.

The electrical impulses are first through both atria causing them to contract which is then transferred to the AV node. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example The AV node sends the signal down His Bundles, the left and right bundles branches, and finally into the Purkinje fibers which cause the ventricles to contract.

Explain how depolarization and repolarization occur. How do these relate to muscle contraction and relaxation?

Depolarization is associated with muscle contraction and is characterized by a rush of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane. Repolarization is then associated with relaxation and it is when the ions move back to their original polarity.

What is the average number of electrical impulses created by the SA node?

Anywhere from 60-100 impulses per minutes.

What is the sinus rhythm?

Sinus rhythm is the normal rhythm and rate of electrical impulses in the heart.

11.What could cause the SA node to increase the number of electrical impulses?

Cardiac activity (such as running) would cause the number of electrical impulses to increase because under those conditions, your body is in need of more oxygen. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

What is an electrocardiogram?

An electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) is a measure of the electrical activity of the heart.

Explain how the up and down motion of the lines on an ECG grid represent the electrical activity of the heart.

The up motions represent depolarization while down motions represent repolarization.

What does the P wave represent?

The depolarization and contraction of the right and left atria.

What does the QRS complex represent?

The depolarization and contraction of the right and left ventricles.

What does the T wave represent?

The repolarization and relaxation of the ventricles.

Look up tachycardia and describe it.

Tachycardia is abnormal electrical impulses which cause the heart to beat too fast when at rest.

Look up bradycardia and describe it. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

Bradycardia is the opposite of tachycardia and it is when abnormal electrical impulses cause the heart to beat to slowly when at rest.

 

You need to know/recognize the following EKG’s by sight for the quiz:

 

Atrial Fibrillation:

 

Go to this this resource:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/atrial-fibrillation/symptoms-causes/dxc-20164936

 

What causes Atrial Fibrillation?

Atrial fibrillation may be caused by high blood pressure, heart attacks, coronary artery disease, abnormal heart valves, heart defects you’re born with (congenital), or exposure to stimulants, such as medications, caffeine, tobacco or alcohol. They cause abnormal and usually rapid heart rate in the atria. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

 

Bundle Branch Block

 
 

Go to this resource:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bundle-branch-block/basics/causes/con-20027273

 

What causes bundle branch block (left and right)?

Left bundle branch block is commonly caused by heart disease, high blood pressure, cardiomyopathy, or myocarditis. Right bundle branch block is commonly caused by congenital defects, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, hypertension, or pulmonary embolism. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

 

Premature Ventricular Complexes/Contractions

 

Go to this resource:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/premature-ventricular-contractions/basics/causes/con-20030205

 

What causes PVC’s to form?

PVC’s may be caused by chemical changes in the body, medications or drugs, increased adrenaline, or an injury sustained to the heart. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

 

Sinoatrial Block (Sick Sinus Syndrome)

 

Go to this resource:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sick-sinus-syndrome/basics/causes/con-20029161

 

What causes sinoatrial block?

Sinoatrial block may be caused by bradycardia, tachycardia, or sinus arrest. These may also have many causes such as age or scar tissue. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

 

Ventricular Fibrillation

 
 

Go to this resource:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ventricular-fibrillation/basics/causes/con-20034473

 

What causes Ventricular Fibrillation?

Ventricular fibrillation is often associated with some type of heart disease. It is also commonly the result of ventricular tachycardia where the ventricles pump rapidly.

 

Conclusion:
Describe what you learned about EKG’s and heart rhythms from doing this activity. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

 

Before doing this activity, I had no idea about how electrical impulses were sent through the heart. I learned that they function separately from the brain and they are always going (or should be). It is more than just one beat because both the atria and the ventricles need to contract. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example The atria contract first at the signal of the sinoatrial node. That signal then travels down towards the ventricles to the atrioventricular nodes. They send the signal through the His-Purkinje system which carries the signal throughout the ventricles and causes them to contract. You can see all of these steps on an EKG because depolarization and repolarization can be recorded and graphed. Depolarization is shown by the upward spikes on the graph and repolarization is shown by the downward ones.

The doctor can analyze an EKG to see very specifically which part of your heart is not functioning correctly. I actually had my first EKG last week and they only need to take several seconds of data in order to have enough to analyze. The doctor can measure the length of electrical activity for each node in addition to analyzing the rhythm and heart rate. Some common diseases that show up on an EKG are ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, sinoatrial block, and premature ventricular contractions because these all have to do with the electrical activity of the heart. Many are caused by a heart disease of some type such as congenital issues or myocardial infarction. It is important to recognize heart abnormalities because a steady heart rhythm is essential to proper body functioning. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) Activity Questions Essay Assignment Paper Example.

Digestive System Analysis Questions

TYPE YOUR ANSWERS IN A DIFFERENT COLOR

Station 1

1.What are the accessory organs of the digestive system that are not actually part of the GI tract?

Accessory organs include the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

2.What are the three parts of the small intestine?

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The three parts of the small intestine duodenum, ileum, and jejunum.

3.What valve separates the esophagus and stomach? The stomach and the duodenum?

The gastroesophageal valve separates the stomach and the esophagus and the pyloric sphincter at pylorus separates the stomach and the duodenum.

4.What valve separates the ileum from the colon?

The ileocecal valve separates the ileum from the colon.

5.What are the three parts of the large intestine or colon?

The three parts are the ascending colon, descending colon, and transverse colon.

6.What are the functions of the liver and gallbladder?

The liver produces bile, filters debris and nutrients from the blood, and detoxifies metabolic waste and drugs. The gallbladder stores and concentrates the bile that the liver produces. Digestive System Analysis Questions.

7.What is the function of the pancreas?

The pancreases secretes several different types of enzymes that help to break down food.

 

Station 2

8.What is the longest part of the GI tract?

The small intestine is the longest part of the GI tract.

9.Why do you think the small intestine is so much longer than the large intestine?

The small intestine is longer because it needs to absorb all the essential nutrients from the food whereas the large intestine only absorbs excess water and leftover ions.

10.Did the length of any portions of the GI tract surprise you?  Why or why not?

The length did not surprise me because I have learned before that the intestines are some of the longest organs in the body because they need a lot of surface area to absorb all the nutrients.

 

Station 3

11.What would pass through the lumen of the esophagus?

A bolus (clump of swallowed food) would pass through the lumen.

12.What is the importance of the gastric lumen and gastric pits in the stomach?

The gastric pits are small pores in the stomach that secrete digestive enzymes and protective mucus into the gastric lumen. They are important for digesting food both mechanically and chemically. Digestive System Analysis Questions.

13.What is the importance of the villus in the small intestine?

Villi allows the transfer of nutrients from food into the bloodstream. They have lots of surface area in order to absorb large amounts of food.

14.What is the importance of the goblet cells in the large intestine?

Goblet cells are important because they secrete mucus into the large intestine which lubricates and allows for easy transport through the large intestine.

 

Station 4

15.What was the difference between the speed of water through the esophagus standing and laying down?

It was almost twice as fast standing up as it was laying down.

16.According to this experiment, was the speed of water through the esophagus affected by gravity?

The speed of water through the esophagus is greatly affected by gravity.

17.What valve were you listening to in this experiment?

We were listening to the upper esophageal sphincter at the top and the lower esophageal sphincter at the bottom where it attaches to the stomach.

18.What was the purpose of performing multiple trials?

We performed multiple trials in order to reduce errors due to different factors. We might have had different amounts of water in each trial so that would vary the speed. THe person testing might have some errors recording the exact time so multiple trials are also important to reduce these errors.

 

Station 5

19.What were the common causes & risk factors found between the majority of the digestive disorders?

One common cause was the ingestion of unnatural substances such as excess NSAIDs and cigarette smoke. Hereditary factors also play a role in determining a person’s risk of developing a digestive disorder.

20.What were the common symptoms found between the majority of the digestive disorders?

The most common symptom is stomach pain. Chest pain and heartburn is also common. People with digestive disorders also often experience diarrhea and other unusual bowel activity that may be painful or burdensome. Digestive System Analysis Questions.

 

Station 6

21.What is the purpose of the fecal occult blood test?

The purpose of the fecal occult blood test is to test for the presence of blood in the GI tract which can signify a digestive disease.

22.Why is it important to perform multiple fecal occult blood tests over a period of time?

You need to test it over a period of time because chronic bleeding is a much bigger issue than a one time occurrence of bleeding. The doctor will test over several months to see if the bleeding is chronic and not the result of a single incident.

23.What digestive disorders can the fecal occult blood test indicate?

Blood in the stool can indicate ulcers, polyps, cancer, anal fissures, infection, hemorrhoids, diverticulitis, colitis, or esophageal bleeding.

24.Why was it important not to touch the test area with our fingers prior to performing the experiment?

We do not want to touch the test area before the test because we can contaminate the test by introducing foreign bacteria that is on our hands. Digestive System Analysis Questions.

25.
CONCLUSION
:  In 1-2 paragraphs summarize the procedure and results of this lab.

 

We started this lab by labeling parts of the digestive system. This included the general macroanatomy of the GI tract, teeth, structures of the stomach, and the functions of main digestive organs. From labeling we learned about all the essential organs that are involved in digestion. Digestion is a complex process with many components involved. We also learned about the enzymes that break down certain foods and the path certain foods take as they are broken down from to the chemical components Digestive System Analysis Questions. Then we took a string and made a scale model of the digestive tract. We learned that that the intestine make up a huge portion of the digestive tract. This is because they need a large surface area in order to absorbs all the nutrients and water from the food that passes. Specifically, the small intestine is the longest portion of the GI tract because it has the most to absorb. Next we analyzed microscopic pictures of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine. We drew and labeled a diagram of each one which taught us the cells that are involved in each organ. They all have several different cell types which perform specific functions within each organ.

The next lab test we did tested how much of a factor gravity plays in swallowing. We did trials where we recorded the time it takes to swallow while standing and while laying down. Our results showed that gravity does play a role in swallowing because when we were standing up it took less time to swallow. However, because your esophagus is very good at performing peristalsis, you are able to swallow eventually both sitting and standing. The next lab station was reading papers about digestive diseases and writing down general information about it. Most of the diseases involve growths or inflammation in the digestive system. This usually leads to stomach pain and diarrhea. Treatment usually includes diet and lifestyles changes, medication, and sometimes surgery. The last lab station was the fecal occult blood test. We tested several different stool samples for the presence of blood in the stool. It is important to test for blood because that is a symptoms of many different digestive disorders. The results of the test showed us that one of the stool samples was positive for blood while the other one was negative.

 

Review Questions

1.What is the function of the digestive system? 

The function of the digestive system is to break down nutrients from the food we eat so that the body can use the nutrients.

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2.What is the one-way track through the digestive system called?

The digestive tract is called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

 

3.What are the organs of the GI tract?

Organs of the GI tract include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (colon), rectum, anus, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

 

4.What is the function of the mucosa tissue layer? 

The mucosa tissue layer is responsible for creating digestive juices such as enzymes that break down food.

 

5.What is the function of the muscularis mucosae tissue layer? 

The muscularis mucosae tissue layer is smooth muscle that assists the movement of food through contraction and relaxation.

 

6.What is peristalsis? 

Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the muscularis mucosae that moves food along the GI tract. Digestive System Analysis Questions.

 

7.Summarize each step in the digestion process. 

Step one the mouth produces amylase in saliva that breaks down starch and carbohydrates. Then the food passes through the esophagus to the stomach. Then the stomach produces acid and pepsin to break down proteins. Then the muscles in the stomach churn the food and when it is done the food is pushed through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum. Then the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder release enzymes into the small intestine. The nutrients in the food are absorbed in villi as the food goes down the small intestine. Leftovers that were not absorbed are pushed into the colon through the ileocecal valve. Water is removed by the colon and leftover contents are expelled through the rectum and anus. Digestive System Analysis Questions.

 

8.Where does carbohydrate/starch digestion occur? 

In the mouth with the amylase containing saliva.

 

9.Where does protein digestion occur?

In the stomach by acid and pepsin.

 

10.Where does lipid digestion occur? 

In the duodenum where lipase from the pancreas breaks down lipids.

 

11.Where does absorption of nutrients occur?

Nutrients absorption occurs in the small intestine through villi.

 

12.How much was spent on healthcare costs for digestive disorders in the U.S. in 2004? 

Digestive disorders cost the US around $141.8 billion dollars in 2004.

 

13.Which digestive disorder was the most prevalent in 2004? 

The most prevalent digestive disorder in 2004 was constipation.

 

14.Which digestive disorder caused the most healthcare & hospital visits in the U.S. in 2004? 

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) caused the most hospital visits in 2004.

 

15.Which digestive disorder had the highest mortality rate in the U.S. in 2004?

Liver disease had the highest mortality rate in 2004.

 

16.Which digestive disorder had the lowest mortality rate in the U.S. in 2004?

Hemorrhoids caused the least deaths in 2004.

 

17.What is the difference between a colonoscopy and an esophagogastroduodenoscopy?

They are both the process of viewing the GI tract through an endoscope but colonoscopy is through the rectum to view the colon and an esophagogastroduodenoscopy is through the mouth to view the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum. Digestive System Analysis Questions

 

18.What is an upper and lower GI series?

Upper and lower GI series use contrast dye such as barium to create a radiographic image of the GI tract. It is used to show blockages, strictures, inflammation, ulcers, growths, and bleeding. Digestive System Analysis Questions.

health care reform essay discussion assignment

NURS 8100 Week 1: The Health Care System, Part 1

NURS 8100 Week 1 Discussion: Health Care Reform

Discussion: Health Care Reform

After much public and political debate, in March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was signed into law by President Barack Obama. The PPACA is one of many health care reform efforts that have sought to correct key features of the U.S. health care system such as financing, service delivery, and care coordination. This week, you will examine the passage of PPACA as a milestone along the historical continuum of health care reform in the United States.

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To prepare:

Review this week’s Learning Resources and media presentation, reflecting on the evolution of health care in the United States and the public’s response to health care reform efforts historically and currently.

Consider: What principal features of the U.S. health care system helped or hindered the enactment of federal health reform in March 2010? What challenges were encountered? health care reform essay discussion assignment.

How do these conditions and/or challenges reflect characteristics of the policy process and the political environment?

By Day 3 of Discussion: Health Care Reform

Post
 a cohesive response that addresses the following:

Analyze at least one important feature of the U.S. health care system that is of particular interest to you. Explain why you think this feature is significant in terms of health policy and reform.

Describe one or more conditions or challenges specifically related to the passing of the PPACA. Explain how this exemplifies the nature of the policy-making process, and evaluate how it could relate to the question of why health reform in the United States has been so difficult health care reform essay discussion assignment.

Read
 a selection of your colleagues’ postings.

By Day 6 of Discussion: Health Care Reform

Respond
 to at least 
two
 of your colleagues in one or more of the following ways:

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence or research.

Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives. health care reform essay discussion assignment.

Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library.

Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.

Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

Note:
 Please see the Syllabus and Discussion Rubric for formal Discussion question posting and response evaluation criteria.

Return
to this Discussion in a few days to read the responses to your initial posting. Note what you learned and/or any insights you gained as a result of the comments made by your colleagues. health care reform essay discussion assignment,

Be sure to support your work with specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources and any additional sources. Discussion: Health Care Reform

NURS 8100 Week 1: The Health Care System, Part 1

The evolution of health care in the United States has been a roller-coaster story of good intentions that were often buffeted by economic and social change, compromised by special interests, and beset by passionate differences of opinion. The primary goals of health care reform have been fairly consistent: to increase access, lower costs, and improve quality. Many efforts to bring about change, however, have not resulted in policy. Why has this been such a challenge? What barriers have prevented reform efforts from being successful? Exactly how to fix the weaknesses of the current health care system continues to be an issue of public and political debate, and one which continues to be played out in the policy arena.

This week, you will examine the history and evolution of health care and consider how health care financing has been central in shaping the current system. You also will examine provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA)—a groundbreaking attempt at reforming the U.S. health care system by the enactment of new policy.

Looking Ahead
In Week 2, you will begin an assignment that requires you to interview a policy maker. Due to the time-sensitive nature of getting on the desired individual’s schedule, you may wish to review this assignment now to begin thinking about who you might like to contact.

Objectives

Students will:

Analyze principal features of the U.S. health care system

Evaluate the policy process in relation to challenges for health care reform

Access online learning resources for professional growth and development

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Bodenheimer, T., & Grumbach, K. (2016). 
Understanding health policy: A clinical approach
 (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical.

Chapter 1, “Introduction: The Paradox of Excess and Deprivation”This chapter introduces the concept of “excess and deprivation”—p eople receiving either too little or too much health care, which contributes to the weakness of the health care system.

Chapter 2, “Paying for Health Care”This chapter discusses the evolution of health care financing, including out-of–pocket payments, individual private insurance, employment-based insurance, and government-financed insurance.

Chapter 3, “Access to Health Care”This chapter focuses on financial and nonfinancial barriers to health care and concludes with influences to one’s health status unrelated to health care.

Chapter 4,“Paying Health Care Providers”This chapter provides information on how physicians and hospitals are paid.

HealthCare.gov. (n.d.). 
Understanding the Affordable Care Act.
 Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/rights/index.html

Posted by U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, this article provides an introduction to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA).

HealthCare.gov. (n.d.). 
Understanding the Affordable Care Act: About the law.
 Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/rights/law/index.html

Also posted by U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, this article focuses on specific provisions of the law and outlines how it will increase access to affordable health coverage.

In Week 1 of this course, you are required to subscribe to one of the health information services listed below. In preparation, review these different sites:

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2010). 
AHRQ PSNet Patient Safety Network
. Retrieved from http://psnet.ahrq.gov/

ModernHealthcare.com. (n.d.). 
Registration is free: The news is invaluable
. Retrieved from https://home.modernhealthcare.com/clickshare/addAccountFree.do

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (2011). 
Publications and research
. Retrieved from http://www.rwjf.org/?topicid=1318

The Commonwealth Fund. (2010). 
The Commonwealth Fun
d. Retrieved from http://www.commonwealthfund.org/

The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. (2011). 
New & noteworthy
. Retrieved from http://www.kff.org/

Required Media

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2011). 
Healthcare policy and advocacy: The policy process.
 Baltimore: Author.

Note: 
The approximate length of this media piece is 11 minutes.

In this media presentation, Dr. Kominski and Dr. Zelman discuss the policy process and provide an overview of the influence of policy on health care practices. Dr. Zelman also discusses the challenges of passing new policy and relates this to health care reform efforts.

 

Accessible player
 
–Downloads–
Download Video w/CC
Download Audio
Download Transcript

Optional Resources

Hammer, D., Phillips, B., & Schmidt, T. L. (2010). The intended and unintended consequences of health care reform. 
Healthcare Financial Management
, 
64
(10), 50–55.

Rettenmaier, A. J., & Saving, T. R. (2011, January 5). 
Reforming Medicare: The Affordable Care Act versus the Rivlin/Ryan proposal
. National Center for Policy Analysis. Retrieved from http://www.ncpathinktank.org/pub/ba736 health care reform essay discussion assignment

Stephens, J. H., & Ledlow, G. R. (2010). Real health care reform: focus on primary care access. 
Hospital Topics
, 
88
(4), 98–106.

NURS 8100 Week 1 Assignment: Staying Current: Online Resources

Technology is providing increasingly rich and credible resources for staying abreast of the latest trends and issues in health care. Many recognized organizations provide regularly disseminated updates via their websites, and offer this information free to subscribers. As you proceed through the DNP program, you will find that receiving these updates will support your professional growth as a scholar practitioner health care reform essay discussion assignment..

To prepare:

Explore the following resources found inthis week’s Learning Resources:

AHRQ Patient Safety Network

Modern Healthcare Alerts

RWJ Nursing News Digest

The Commonwealth Fund

The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation

To complete:

Select one service and subscribe to receive e-mail alerts or updates.

Copy and paste your successful subscription notification into a Word document. health care reform essay discussion assignment.

By Day 7

Submit
 the Assignment.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.

Click the 
Week 1 Assignment 
link.

Next, from the Attach File area, click on the 
Browse My Computer
 button. Find the document you saved as “WK1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click 
Open
.

If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for 
I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database
.

Click on the 
Submit
button to complete your submission. health care reform essay discussion assignment.

Bariatric Surgery Essay

Bariatric Surgery: Choose a health care treatment option that is controversial and maybe costly.

In this assignment the 
controversial treatment is ” Bariatric Surgery”

Describe the positive and negative benefits from the treatment, evidence of effectiveness, and the potential harm of a different treatment option.

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1.Introduction:   Choose a controversial health care treatment option.

Describe the treatment.

2. Describe the social and legal controversy associated with your controversial treatment.

3. Describe the evidence that supports the effectiveness of the controversial treatment.

4. Describe the evidence that does not support the effectiveness of the controversial treatment.

5. Compare and contrast the positive and negative benefits or harm of the controversial treatment.

This assignment follows APA Style, Times New, Romans, font 12, Original Please, No Pleagerism, with references  (2012-2017) and in text citations.  Check with turnitin.  Thank you Bariatric Surgery Essay.

Phenomenological inquiry/ethnography Essay Assignment

Question description

Phenomenological inquiry/ethnography Assignment: So, in your opinion which of the following topics is best suited to a phenomenological inquiry? To a ethnography? To a grounded theory study? Importantly, provide a rational for each response.

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a-First, the passage through menarche among Hatian refugee

b-The process of coping among AIDS patients

c-Also, the experience of having a child with leukemia

d-Or rituals relating to dying among nursing home residents

Phenomenological inquiry/ethnography Essay Assignment

e-Lastly, Decision making processes among nurses regarding do-not-resucitate orders

Phenomenological inquiry/ethnography Assignment requirements

APA

Also, 4 sources

Lastly, peer-reviewed articles

Phenomenological inquiry/ethnography Essay Assignment

Calculating t-tests for Independent Samples Essay

Question description

Calculating 
t
-tests for Independent Samples: Hello, help needed on these questions.

Data Set: 
Click to use this data set for this assignment

EXERCISE 31

Calculating 
t
-tests for Independent Samples

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1. Do the example data meet the assumptions for the independent samples 
t
-test? Provide a rationale for your answer.

2. If calculating by hand, draw the frequency distributions of the dependent variable, wages earned. What is the shape of the distribution? If using SPSS, what is the result of the Shapiro-Wilk test of normality for the dependent variable? Calculating t-tests for Independent Samples Essay.

3. What are the means for two group’s wages earned?

4. What is the independent samples 
t
-test value?

5. Is the 
t
-test significant at 
a 
= 0.05? Specify how you arrived at your answer.

6. If using SPSS, what is the exact likelihood of obtaining a 
t-
test value at least as extreme or as close to the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true?

7. Which group earned the most money post-treatment?

8. Write your interpretation of the results, as you would in an APA-formatted journal.

9. What do the results indicate regarding the impact of the supported employment voca­tional rehabilitation on wages earned? Calculating t-tests for Independent Samples Essay.

10. Was the sample size adequate to detect significant differences between the two groups in this example? Provide a rationale for your answer.

EXERCISE 32 

Calculating 
t
-tests for Paired (Dependent) Samples

Data Set: 
Click to use this data set for this assignment

1. Do the data meet the assumptions for the paired samples 
t
-test? Provide a rationale for your answer.

2. If calculating by hand, draw the frequency distributions of the two variables. What are the shapes of the distributions? If using SPSS, what are the results of the Shapiro-Wilk tests of normality for the two variables?

3. What are the means for the baseline and post-treatment affective distress scores, respectively?

4. What is the paired samples 
t
-test value Calculating t-tests for Independent Samples Essay?

5. Is the 
t
-test significant at α = 0.05? Specify how you arrived at your answer.

6. If using SPSS, what is the exact likelihood of obtaining a 
t-
test value at least as extreme as or as close to the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true?

7. On average, did the affective distress scores improve or deteriorate over time? Provide a rationale for your answer.

8. Write your interpretation of the results as you would in an APA-formatted journal.

9. What do the results indicate regarding the impact of the rehabilitation on emotional dis­tress levels?

10. What are the weaknesses of the design in this example? Calculating t-tests for Independent Samples Essay.

Health federal bills congress Essay

1 page

2 sources

APA

There is much attention on federal health care policy and law. Health Bills: GovTrack.us provides a list of federal bills that are currently in process in Congressional Committees.

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Go to https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/subjects/health/6130 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

Choose a health-related federal bill of interest to you. Read through the bill and post a summary in your own words. Include the bill number and name.

How might this bill impact professional nursing practice standards if passed? If not passed?

How might the bill impact your own nursing practice? Health federal bills congress Essay.