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  • Systematic Reviews in Health Care Essay

    Complete this systematic reviews in health care essay assignment on the
    worksheet attached
    .

    1. Choose the ONE systematic review topic that is of most interest to you, or most relevant to your practice situation, from the required List of Approved Systematic Reviews (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site..

    2. Follow the grading criteria below to formulate your practice issue, which must be based on the topic of the systematic review you have selected. Systematic reviews in health care essay.

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    3. Download the required Milestone 1 Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (both worksheets appear in ONE form) to document the practice issue presented and approved by your instructor in the Week 2 Discussions. Systematic reviews in health care essay.

    4. You are required to complete the form using the productivity tools required by Chamberlain University, which is Microsoft Office Word 2013 (or later version), or Windows and Office 2011 (or later version) for MAC. You must save the file in the “.docx” format. Do NOT save as Word Pad. A later version of the productivity tool includes Office 365, which is available to Chamberlain students for FREE by downloading from the student portal at http://my.chamberlain.edu (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. Click on the envelope at the top of the page. Systematic reviews in health care essay.

    5. Your practice issue will be the same for all three Milestone assignments in this course.

    6. Please type your answers directly into the worksheet.

    Evidence Summary Worksheet Directions

    1. Develop an evidence summary by following the grading criteria below.

    2. Document this on the evidence summary portion of the worksheet.

    3. You will use this worksheet to incorporate your evidence summary into your Week 4 Milestone 2 assignment.

    4. Please type your answers directly into the worksheet.

    systematic reviews in health care essay

    THE CHOSEN REVIEW SYSTEM

    Obstetrics/Delivery

    McFadden, A., Gavine, A., Renfrew, M. J., Wade, A., Buchanan, P., Taylor, J. L., … MacGillivray, S. (2017). Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD001141. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001141.pub5

    Abstract

    Background

    There is extensive evidence of important health risks for infants and mothers related to not breastfeeding. In 2003, the World Health Organization recommended that infants be breastfed exclusively until six months of age, with breastfeeding continuing as an important part of the infant’s diet until at least two years of age. However, current breastfeeding rates in many countries do not reflect this recommendation. Systematic reviews in health care essay.

    Objectives

    To describe forms of breastfeeding support which have been evaluated in controlled studies, the timing of the interventions and the settings in which they have been used.

    To examine the effectiveness of different modes of offering similar supportive interventions (for example, whether the support offered was proactive or reactive, face-to-face or over the telephone), and whether interventions containing both antenatal and postnatal elements were more effective than those taking place in the postnatal period alone.

    To examine the effectiveness of different care providers and (where information was available) training.

    To explore the interaction between background breastfeeding rates and effectiveness of support. systematic reviews in health care essay.

    Search methods

    We searched Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth’s Trials Register (29 February 2016) and reference lists of retrieved studies. systematic reviews in health care essay.

    Selection criteria

    Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing extra support for healthy breastfeeding mothers of healthy term babies with usual maternity care.

    Data collection and analysis

    Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, extracted data and checked them for accuracy. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Systematic reviews in health care essay.

    Main results

    This updated review includes 100 trials involving more than 83,246 mother-infant pairs of which 73 studies contribute data (58 individually-randomised trials and 15 cluster-randomised trials). We considered that the overall risk of bias of trials included in the review was mixed. Of the 31 new studies included in this update, 21 provided data for one or more of the primary outcomes. The total number of mother-infant pairs in the 73 studies that contributed data to this review is 74,656 (this total was 56,451 in the previous version of this review). The 73 studies were conducted in 29 countries. Results of the analyses continue to confirm that all forms of extra support analyzed together showed a decrease in cessation of ‘any breastfeeding’, which includes partial and exclusive breastfeeding (average risk ratio (RR) for stopping any breastfeeding before six months 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88 to 0.95; moderate-quality evidence, 51 studies) and for stopping breastfeeding before four to six weeks (average RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.95; moderate-quality evidence, 33 studies). All forms of extra support together also showed a decrease in cessation of exclusive breastfeeding at six months (average RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.92; moderate-quality evidence, 46 studies) and at four to six weeks (average RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.89; moderate quality, 32 studies). We downgraded evidence to moderate-quality due to very high heterogeneity. Systematic reviews in health care essay.

    We investigated substantial heterogeneity for all four outcomes with subgroup analyses for the following covariates: who delivered care, type of support, timing of support, background breastfeeding rate and number of postnatal contacts. Covariates were not able to explain heterogeneity in general. Though the interaction tests were significant for some analyses, we advise caution in the interpretation of results for subgroups due to the heterogeneity. Extra support by both lay and professionals had a positive impact on breastfeeding outcomes. Several factors may have also improved results for women practising exclusive breastfeeding, such as interventions delivered with a face-to-face component, high background initiation rates of breastfeeding, lay support, and a specific schedule of four to eight contacts. However, because within-group heterogeneity remained high for all of these analyses, we advise caution when making specific conclusions based on subgroup results. We noted no evidence for subgroup differences for the any breastfeeding outcomes. Systematic reviews in health care essay.

    Authors’ conclusions

    When breastfeeding support is offered to women, the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding is increased. Characteristics of effective support include: that it is offered as standard by trained personnel during antenatal or postnatal care, that it includes ongoing scheduled visits so that women can predict when support will be available, and that it is tailored to the setting and the needs of the population group. Support is likely to be more effective in settings with high initiation rates. Support may be offered either by professional or lay/peer supporters, or a combination of both. Strategies that rely mainly on face-to-face support are more likely to succeed with women practising exclusive breastfeeding. systematic reviews in health care essay.

  • Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) & ACA

    1.  Do you feel it is better to allow individuals the freedom to choose any type of  (or no) health insurance coverage available to them or to increase government involvement in a person’s/family’s healthcare via mandates, such as the ACA and/or the government as a single insurer for all residents.  Why?

    2.  Discuss the mission of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) and the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation (CMMI).

    3. If you could reform the malpractice or tort laws, what types of changes would you make? When do you feel it is appropriate for someone to claim damages from medical procedures or treatment? Do you feel there should be a cap on the payments, and if so, how would you decide what that cap would be? What are all the different costs involved in medical malpractice suites? Is it easier to talk about tort reform than to actually try to define it?

    4.   The rights of people once they have been incarcerated can be a controversial topic of      discussion. Discuss the healthcare rights of the incarcerated population. What do you feel should or should not be provided to those who are imprisoned? Are there certain tests or procedures that they feel should be performed routinely? Why or why not? What is the nurse’s role, based on the section on page 248?

  • NR451 – Capstone Project Milestone 1: Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets

    NR451 – Capstone Project Milestone 1: Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets

    Capstone Project Milestone 1:

    Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets

     

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    Student Name:
                                                            
    Date:

    Directions

    Refer to the guidelines for specific details on how to complete this assignment.

    Type your answers directly into the worksheets below.

    Submit to the Dropbox by the end of Week 3, Sunday at 11:59 p.m. MT.

    Post questions about this assignment to the Q & A Forum. You may also email questions to the instructor for a private response.

    NR451 – Capstone Project Milestone 1: Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets

    Practice Issue Worksheet

    NR451_W3_Milestone1_Worksheet

    List the topic and include the citation for the systematic review you have selected from our approved list (optional: an additional scholarly source of support):

     

     

    What is the nursing practice issue you have identified related to the topic you have chosen?

     

     

    Fully describe the scope of the practice issue:

     

     

    What is the practice area?

    ___ Clinical

    ___ Education

    ___ Administration

    ___ Other (List):

    How was the practice issue identified?
    (check all that apply)

    ___ Safety/risk management concerns

    ___ Unsatisfactory patient outcomes

    ___ Wide variations in practice

    ___ Significant financial concerns

     

     

    ___ Difference between hospital and community practice

    ___ Clinical practice issue is a concern

    ___ Procedure or process is a time waster

    ___ Clinical practice issue has no scientific base

    __ Other:

    Describe the rationale for your checked selections:

     

     

    What evidence must be gathered?
    (check all that apply)

    ___ Literature search

    ___ Guidelines

    ___ Expert Opinion

    ___ Patient Preferences

    ___ Clinical Expertise

    ___ Financial Analysis

    ___ Standards (Regulatory, professional, community)

    ___ Other

     

    Describe the rationale for your checked selections:

     

     

    NR451 – Capstone Project Milestone 1: Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets

    NR451 – Capstone Project Milestone 1: Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets

    Evidence Summary Worksheet

    Directions
    : Please type your answers directly into the worksheet.

     

    Describe the practice problem in your own words with reference to the identified population, setting and magnitude of the problem in measurable terms:

     

    Type the complete APA reference for the systematic review article you chose from the list provided. It must be relevant to the practice issue you described above. Include the APA reference for any additional
    optional
    supplemental scholarly source related to the review you wish to use.

     

     

    Identify the objectives of the article:

     

    Provide a statement of the questions being addressed in the work and how these relate to your practice issue:

     

     

    Summarize (in your own words) the interventions the author(s) suggest to improve patient outcomes.

     

    Summarize the main findings by the authors of your systematic review including the strength of evidence for each main outcome.  Consider the relevance to your project proposal for the Milestone 2 project paper
    .
    (If an
    optional
    supplemental source is also used, include a statement of relevance to it as well.)

     

     

    Outline evidence-based solutions that you will consider for your project
    .

     

    Discuss any limitations to the studies that you believe impacts your ability to utilize the research in your project.

     

     

    NR451 – Capstone Project Milestone 1: Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets

  • Health Policy Model to Develop a Change in Policy to Improve the Public’s Health

    Health Policy Model to Develop a Change in Policy to Improve the Public’s Health

    Using a Health Policy Model to Develop a Change in Policy to Improve the Public’s Health

    This assignment focuses on the methods to develop a change in policy to improve the public’s health by using a health policy model.

    Tasks:  Suppose you want to initiate a policy of taxing sugared sodas/pop/beverages in your community. Use the Longest’s policy cycle model to ponder the following questions:

    •What arguments would you use to make the case for the policy?

    •What argument(s) would your opponents make?

    •How would you go about getting buy-in for your proposed policy?

    •What stakeholder groups need to be involved in promoting your policy?  Submission Details:

    •Submit your response in a 2-page Microsoft Word document (500 words).

    Health Policy Model to Develop a Change in Policy to Improve the Public’s Health

  • Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    What is Evidence-based practice?

    Evidence-based practice is a systematic approach to rational decision making that facilitates achievement of best practices

    Six steps to Evidence-based practice

    Ask a clinical question

    2. Collect the most relevant and best evidence

    3. Critically appraise the evidence you gather

    4. Integrate all evidence with one’s clinical expertise and patient preferences and values in making a practice decision or change

    5. Evaluate

    6. Share outcomes of EBP changes with others

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    Ask a clinical question

    A problem or area of interest that could be performed more efficiently, consumes healthcare dollars, or does not make sense

    • A knowledge focused trigger

    • Clinical trends

    • Utilization of PICOT format to state your clinical question

    Why should I use PICOT format to state my clinical question in evidence-based practice (EBP)?

    The questions you ask will eventually lead you to the evidence for an answer

    • You want to be able to read the BEST four-to-six articles that specifically address your practice question

    • The more focused a question you ask, the easier it becomes to search for evidence in the scientific literature

    PICOT question – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    P
    = Patient population of interest

    I
    = Intervention of interest

    C
    = Comparison of interest

    O
    = Outcome

    T
    = Time

    Collect the best evidence- what kind and includes

    Search for evidence!

    •
    Evidence includes but is not limited to
    : agency policy and procedure manuals, quality improvement data, existing clinical practice guidelines, agency experts, staff educators, risk managers, infection control nurses, and peer reviewed articles (specifically within the most recent 5 years from the present date)

    Critically appraise the evidence you gather

    The most difficult step in the EBP process

    • Involves evaluation, determining if information is valuable and can be easily applied, and if there is enough evidence for making a nursing practice change

    • Thorough review of elements included in evidence-based articles

    Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    Integrate the evidence

    How will you incorporate the evidence into practice?

    • Integrate evidence with use of teaching tools, clinical practice guidelines, policies and procedures, and new assessment documentation tools

    • Consider staff support and available resources

    • Conduct a pilot study and attempt to answer your PICOT question

    Evaluate and share outcomes

    Did it work? Is it effective?

    • Communicate the results to various groups of nurses or other care providers (facility nursing practice council or research committee)

    PICO four-step process

    P
    – population of interest

    I
    – intervention

    C
    – comparison

    O
    – outcome

    Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay – Utilization of the research process

    Identification of a researchable problem

    • Review of the literature

    • Formulation of the research question or hypothesis

    • Design of the study

    • Implementation of the study

    • Drawing conclusions based on findings

    • Discussion of clinical implications

    • Dissemination of findings

    Identification of a researchable problem – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    Sources:

    * clinical situations

    * the literature

    * theories

    • Repeat the study or design a similar one

    • Test theoretical models

     

    Review of the literature – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    Comprehensive and covers all relevant research

    • Essential to locate similar or related studies that have already been completed and on which a new study can build

    • Answer the question “what have other researchers and theorists written about this problem?”

     

    Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay – Two major categories in designing study

    experimental
    (require quantitative methodology)

    nonexperimental
    (can be quantitative or qualitative methodology)

    Implementation of the study involves two main task:

    Data collection
    (collected by those familiar with the study)

    Data analysis
    (arrange information into meaningful patterns

     

    Drawing conclusions based on findings, Answer the question:

    “What do these findings mean?”

     

    Discussion of clinical implications – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    Suggest actions that can be taken as a result of the research findings in the future

    • Other questions to answer: Will the procedure be effective with patients who have a different diagnosis? • Will age make a difference? What else do we need to know to improve the care of patients?

    • Also known as the rigor (potential threats to the validity and reliability of the study)

    Dissemination of findings two major vehicles:

    Articles published in professional journals

    • Presentations given at conferences

    Nursing student role in research

    Learning about research: doing honors projects or assisting in labs

     

    Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    BSN role in research

    Identifies problems that can be studied; may do data collection for research studies

    MSN role in research

    Replicates earlier research; beginning independent research

    Doctorate role in research

    Generate and test theory; establish independent research career

    Academician role in research

    Independent research with external funding (e.g., NIH, foundation grants)

    Design the study protocol – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    After formulation of the research question or hypothesis, the next step in the research process is to design the study protocol. The study design will influence the data collection process. Selecting the population is a component of this phase of the research process. Obtaining necessary approvals is part of conducting the study, which follows the design phase in the research process. Identification of the instrument to use for data analysis occurs during the process of designing the study protocol. This step would occur during the study design phase of the research process after the problem identification and literature review has taken place.

    Research and problem solving

    Research is different from problem solving. Problem solving is specific to a given situation and is designed for immediate action, whereas research is generalizable (transferable) to other situations and deals with long-term solutions rather than immediate ones.

    Development of a clinical question in the first step of evidence-based practice (EBP)

    A well designed PICOT question does not have to follow the sequence of PICOT. In addition, Intervention (I), comparison (C), and time (T) are not appropriate to be used in every question. The aim is to ask a question that contains as many of the PICOT elements as possible. Proper question formatting allows you to identify keys words to use when conducting your literature search

    Evidence Based Practice (EBP)

    – Based clinical decisions on best possible evidence typically high quality research.

    – Use of best evidence unmaking patient care decisions.

     

    Research Utilization (RU)

    – Use of study findings in a practical application unrelated to the original research.

    – Instrumental (direct)

    – Conceptual (indirect)

    – Persuasive (symbolic)

    Research Utilization (RU): Instrumental

    – Direct

    – Explicit application of knowledge gained from research to a practice.

    Research Utilization (RU): Conceptual

    – Indirect

    – Use of findings to enhance one’s understanding of a problem or issue in nursing.

    Research Utilization (RU): Persuasive

    – Symbolic

    – Use of evidence to change minds, especially decision makers.

    Research Utilization (RU) Beginnings – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – 1970s research begins to be incorporated in nursing curricula.

    – 1970s WICHE Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education.

    – 6 year project to address feasibility of fostering research through regional collaborations.

    – First major project addressing RU.

    – Findings: resulted in increase in RU, but not enough sounds, reliable studies with implications for nursing care.

    – 1970s CURN: Conduct and Utilization of Research in Nursing project (run by MNA, funded by Division of Nursing).

    – Major objective –> increase use of research findings in clinical nursing practice by: disseminating current findings, facilitating organizational changes, encouraging collaborative research.

    – Must have relevance to practice and be widely disseminated.

    Steps of Research Utilization Similarities to Nursing Process – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    (ADPIE)

    – Identification of clinical problem (D).

    – Gathering information form existing studies, critical evaluation of research (A).

    – Relevance to practice setting/patient population (P), definition of patient outcomes (P).

    – Education/training (protocol) needed for change (I).

    – Evaluation/follow-up of new practice (E).

     

    RU 1980s-1990s

    – 1980s and 1990s RU generally at institutional level, innovation effectiveness evaluation.

    – 1990s push for EBP.

    Cochrane Collaboration

    – Archie Cochrane

    – Systematic way to evaluate evidence.

    – Dissemination of evidence.

    – Evidence hierarchy.

    EBM (Evidence Based Medicine)

    David Sackett, McMaster Medical School

     

    EBP Initiatives – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Institute of medicine’s Roundtable on EBM.

    – US Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF).

    – Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).

    – Nation Consortium for the Advancement of pEdiatric and Adolescent Evidence Based Practice (NCPAEP).

    – Magnet Recognition Program by the American Nurses Credentialing Center.

     

    Evidence Based Practice

    – A life-long problem-solving approach to clinical practice that integrates…

    – Search, critical appraisal, and synthesis of the most relevant and best research
    (external evidence).

    – One’s own clinical expertise, which includes
    internal evidence
    generated from outcomes management or quality improvement projects, patient assessment, and evaluation.

    – Patient preferences and values.

     

    Evidence Based Medicine/Evidence Based Practice

    – Distinct

    – Not just RCT’s

    – Evidence hierarchies

    – Philosophical differences

     

    EBP Continuum

    – Nurses actively doing research

    – Assisting researchers, collecting information.

    – Participate in journal club.

    – Informed readers, up to date practice.

     

    EBNP

    – Best evidence: findings of quantitative research studies.

    – Clinical expertise: expert panels; consensus statements; practice groups; practitioner experience.

    – Patient preferences: satisfaction; QOL; treatment burden; Qualitative studies.

    Research Process – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Problem identification

    – Conduct research

    – Follow steps of research process.

    – Findings usually not immediately applicable – need to be translated through RU/EBNP.

     

    Research Utilization

    – Clinical Problem ID

    – Use existing research to solve problem.

    – Follow steps of RU

    – Findings usually applied at organizational level.

     

    Evidence Based Nursing Practice

    – Clinical problem ID

    – Use existing research

    – Synthesize all evidence, integrate patient preference and clinical expertise.

    – Findings applied at bedside, tailored to individual patient.

     

    Evidence Hierarchies

    – Rank evidence according to strength of evidence provided.

    – Typically related to effectiveness of healthcare interventions.

    – Not meaningful for certain questions: meaning, process.

     

    RU/EBP Resources

    – Systematic reviews that integrate evidence about a topic in a rigorous, systematic way.

    – Traditional narrative reviews are being placed.

    – Meta-analyses that integrate findings across quantitative studies statistically.

    – Meta-syntheses that integrate and amplify findings across qualitative studies.

    – Other reappraised evidence (clinical practice guidelines, syncopes of studies in EBP journals, critically appraised topics).

    – Models and theories for EBP or RU.

    Levels of Evidence – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    1) Systematic reviews of RCTs

    2) Individual RCT

    3) Systematic reviews non-RCT (correlational)

    4) Individual correlational studies

    5) Systematic reviews of descriptive studies

    6) Individual descriptive studies

    7) Exert opinion of respected authorities or expert panels

    Highest level of evidence is systematic review of findings from MULTIPLE RCTs.

    Barriers to RU/EBP

    – Research-related barriers: scarcity of published replications.

    – Nurse-related barriers: insufficient skills in locating and appraising evidence.

    – Organizational barriers: lack of financial support and staff release time for EBP.

     

    Nursing Barriers – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Lack of knowledge

    – Information overload

    – Lack of role models

    – Lack of time or money

    – Resistance to change

    – Misperceptions – require education

     

    Facilitators – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Support from leaders and peers

    – Adequate time

    – Resources

    – Journal clubs and EBP rounds

    – Determined effort is often required in order to address barriers and facilitate the implementation of EBP.

     

    Steps of Evidence Based Practice – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Cultivate a spirit of inquiry.

    – Ask the burning clinical question in PICOT format.

    – Search for and collect the most relevant best evidence.

    – Critically appraise the evidence (i.e., rapid critical appraisal, evaluation, and synthesis).

    – Integrate the best evidence with one’s clinical expertise and patient preferences and values in making practice decision or change.

    – Evaluate outcomes of the practice decision or change based on evidence.

    – Disseminate the outcomes of the EBP decision or change.

     

    EBP in Organizational Setting

    – Select a topic or problem.

    – Knowledge-focused triggers – begins with an innovation or research finding (e.g., might emerge in a journal club).

    – Problem-focused triggers – begins with a perplexing or troubling clinical situation.

     

    Background

    – foundation questions about a clinical issue.

    – What is osteoporosis and what is it’s pathology?

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    Foreground

    – Questions that can be answered by current best research evidence on diagnosis, assessment, treatment or understanding meaning, cause or prognosis.

    – What is it like to be an elderly woman with osteoporosis in the northeast?

    Types of Questions

    – Etiology

    – Diagnosis

    – Therapy

    – Prevention

    – Prognosis

    – Qualitative (meaning; insight into patients experience/perspective).

     

    Asking the Nursing Question – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    (PICOT)

    –
    P
    atient population

    –
    I
    ntervention or issue of interest

    –
    C
    omparison intervention or group

    –
    O
    utcome

    –
    T
    ime frame – not always specified.

    Components for Qualitative Evidence

    – Population

    – Situation (processes, experiences, cultures, history, condition of interest).

    Question Templates

    – Templates can greatly facilitate wording of questions, e.g., an intervention question:

    In (population), what is the effect of (intervention), in comparison to (comparison) on (outcome) in (timeframe)?

     

    Search For Evidence – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – CINAHL

    – MEDLINE

    – Cochran collaboration (www.cochrane.org)

    – Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (www.ahrg.gov)

    – National Guideline Clearinghouse (www.guidelines.gov, www.guidelines.gove/content.aspx?id=32669&search-falls)

     

    Appraising the Evidence

    – What is the quality of the evidence?

    – What is the magnitude of effects?

    – How precise are estimates of effects?

    – Is there evidence of side effects?

    – What are the costs?

    – Is there relevance to my clinical situation?

     

    Rating the Strength of Evidence

    – Not necessarily synonymous with “hierarchy of evidence.”

    – High-level study design does not necessarily mean high quality.

    – Grading the strength of a body of evidence addresses three domains – quality, quantity, and consistency.

     

    Rating the Strength of Evidence: Quality

    The event to which a study’s design, conduct, and analysis has minimized selection,measurement and confounding biases (internal validity). Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay.

     

    Rating the Strength of Evidence: Quantity

    The number of studies that have evaluated the question, overall sample size across all studies, magnitude of the treatment effect, strength from causality assessment, such as relative risk or odds ratio.

     

    Rating the Strength of Evidence: Consistency

    Whether investigations with both similar and different study designs report similar findings (requires numerous studies).

     

    Integrate Evidence, Clinical Expertise, Pt. Preference

    – This is the “implementation” step.

    – EBP is not based solely on research and published evidence.

    – Patient’s histories and circumstances have a significant bearing on the nurse’s choice of intervention.

    – Availability of resources must also be considered: feasibility, cost benefit, transferability.

     

    EBP Models – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Dozens of models exist.

    – The
    Stetler Model
    of research utilization to promote evidence based practice.

    – The
    IOWA Model
    of evidence based practice to promote quality of care.

    – Rogers’
    Diffusion of Innovations Theory
    .

     

    Evaluate Outcomes of the Practice Decision or Change Based on Evidence

    – Measurement of outcomes is important to determine and document impact of the EBP change on healthcare quality and/or patient outcomes.

    – Essential in determining whether the change based on evidence resulted in the expected outcomes when implemented in the real-world clinical practice setting.

     

    Disseminate Outcomes of the EBP Decision or Change

    – Too often in healthcare, positive outcomes are not shared with others.

    – There are numerous strategies for accomplishing this goal, from personal communications, conference presentation, and peer reviewed article publication.

     

    Rogers’ Theory of Diffusion of Innovations – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Theory for communicating knowledge developed through research. Includes a five stage process:

    1) Knowledge – knows but lacks info, not inspired to find info.

    2) Persuasion – interested, seeks info.

    3) Decision – weighs advantages/disadvantages, accepts of rejects.

    4) Implementation – determines usefulness, many seek more info.

    5) Confirmation – finalizes decision. May be interpersonal (cognitive dissonance) or interpersonal (good job group!).

    Iowa Model – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Ask clinical question.

    – Search literature

    – Critically appraise literature

    – Implement practice change

    – Evaluate

    – Organizations change practice

     

    Stetler Model – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    – Preparation

    – Validation of credible evidence

    – Comparative evaluation/decision making phase

    – Translate or apply the research

    – Evaluate outcomes

    – Individuals change practice

     

    Other Models of Quality Improvement

    – Six Sigma: a disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process – from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service.

    – Currently in use at UHS.

     

    Other Quality Measurements

    – You may hear the following terms in regard two quality improvement at hospitals:

    – HCAPS – Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems –> National survey analyzed by centers for medicare and medicaid services (CMS).

    – Press Ganey – Private, for profit organization that polls health care consumers to assess quality of care (HCAPS included in survey).

     

    Case Study:

    Chris was caring for a 27 year old woman who just delivered her first infant by emergency Cesarean birth. The mother was upset because she believed she would have to deliver subsequent children by cesarean birth. She asked Chris about the risks of birth complications with vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). Chris decided to look for the best possible evidence to answer her question. Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay.

    – Is Chris engaging in an RU or an EBP effort? – EBP

    – Would the trigger be described as problem-focused or knowledge-focused? – Problem-focused

    – Would Chris need to pose a clinical background question or a clinical foreground question to identify relevant evidence? – Clinical foreground question.

    – In searching for evidence, Chris would need to ask a well-worded clinical question that would include identifying the population. What would be the population? – Women who have had a cesarean birth.

    – Chris’s clinical question would identify an intervention or exposure. What would that be? – Having a vaginal birth.

    – Would Chris likely find the answer to a question about future risks of birth complications from VBAC in a meta-synthesis? – No, the question is not about meaning or process; it is about the effect of a certain exposure.

    – Would Chris need to assess implementation potential in this effort? – No, this is an individual EBP effort, not an institutional effort.

     

    Case Study:

    – A group of nurses working in a community health center were unsure of how to answer questions from patients about appropriate means of cleansing children’s wounds in home settings.

    – Most nurses felt that sterile saline should be recommended to minimize the risk of infection, but others believed that tap water was adequate fro cleansing acute wounds.

    – The nurses decided to examine the evidence and located a systematic review in the Cochrane database. Among the studies that had been conducted, the review concluded that there were no differences in rates of infection or healing with use of tap water versus sterile saline win the cleansing of wounds.

    – However, few of the studies that had been done involved the use of childcare, and most had been conducted in health-care settings.

    – The nurses decided to initiate a new study to gather more focused and informative evidence about the effects of saline solution versus tap water in cleansing children’s wounds. Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay.

     

    – Does this summary describe an EBP effort? –
    Yes, the nurses wanted to determine the best practices with regard to cleaning of children’s wounds.

    – Would the trigger be described as problem-focused or knowledge focused? –
    Problem-focused

    – Did the nurses use pre-appraised evidence? –
    Yes, a systematic review from the Cochrane database is an example of pre-appraised evidence.

    – The nurses decided to initiate a new study because they deemed the evidence base inadequate.

    – Would their new study be a qualitative or quantitative study? –
    Quantitative

     

    Strategies/Role for Nurses in EBP

    – Read widely and critically.

    – Attend professional conferences.

    – Learn to expect evidence that a procedure is effective.

    – Become involved in a journal club.

    – Pursue and participate in RU/EBP projects.

     

    Background/Foreground

    – When do complications of pneumonia usually occur?
    Background question

    – What bed rest elevation for mechanically ventilated patients is maximally effective in reducing the risk of ventilatory-associated pneumonia?
    Foreground question

    – What is it like for patients with HIV or AIDS to adapt to changes in body weight and ensuing body image changes?
    Foreground question

    – What is the pathophysiology of Lyme disease?
    Background question

    – Which large volume enema solution – tap water, soap suds, or polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution – results in the greatest net output and least mucosal irritation in patients with constipation? –
    Foreground question

    – What is the risk of broncho-pulmonary aspiration during enteral feeding?
    Background question

    – Do patiens receiving an intradermal injection experience greater discomfort with bevel up or bevel down needle injection?
    Foreground question

    – Does depression contribute to morbidity and mortality among patients with heart failure?
    Foreground question

    – What is it like for people with a history of severe phobias to overcome their phobia?
    Foreground question

    – What effect does altitude change have on circadian physiology?
    Background question

    The student nurse is listening to a lecture on the different types of research. Which statement by the student nurse indicates that teaching has been effective? – “Qualitative research does not involve manipulation of variables.”

    The nurse professor is presenting a lecture on pure science. Which statement from one of the students indicates that the teaching has been effective? – “Pure science summarizes and explains the universe without regard for whether the information is immediately useful.”

    The student nurse is listening to a lecture on inductive and deductive reasoning. Which statement indicates that further teaching is needed? – “Research requires the use of only inductive reasoning.”

    [Research requires both inductive and deductive reasoning]

    The nurse professor is giving a lecture on the difference between research and problem solving. Which statement by one of the students indicates that teaching has been effective?-“Research deals with long-term solutions.”

    [Research is generalizable, can be used in other situations and deals with long-term solutions.]

    How should the nurse initiate the research process?  -Identify a researchable problem. [The first step in the research process is to identify a researchable problem.]

    The nurse researcher is presenting a lecture on data-collection instruments. Which statement indicates the need for further education?- “Data collection tools must be high tech and complex to be accurate.”

    [data collection tools, range from simple survey forms to complex radiographic scanning devices. ]

    The nurse is listening to a lecture on the outcomes of research in the nursing practice. Which statement indicates a need for further education? – “Research has not created a lot of changes in nursing.”

    Which statement by the nurse indicates an understanding of how nursing research positively affects nursing?- “Research expands the nursing profession.”

    Which statement about financial support for nursing research indicates a need for further teaching?- “Nursing research is often fairly inexpensive.”

    [Nursing research can be EXPENSIVE, and often support takes many different forms]

    The nurse is would like to research how to best keep confused patients from wandering. What is the first step that the nurse should take?

    A. Review the literature.

    B. Create a study design.

    C. Call the local community college about funding.

    D. Identify a researchable problem

    Identify a researchable problem

    PPT: A nurse compares patient compliance after an interactive video instruction compared to usual verbal instructions among patients with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The study design most likely describes:

    1. Descriptive research design

    2. Exploratory research design

    3. Modified experimental design

    4. True experimental design

    Modified experimental design

    Scientific Method

    step by step process with observable results used by scientists to solve problems

    Quantitative Research

    Measurable variables

    Qualitative Research

    Because there are no variables being manipulated – qualities of the human experience are described and interpreted.

    5 Components of the Nursing Process

    -assessment

    -nursing diagnosis

    -planning

    -implementation

    -evaluation

    Mixed-Methods Research

    Combination of Qualitative and Quantitative Research

    Assessment

    data collection, collecting, organizing, documenting, and validating data

    Nursing Diagnosis

    process by which the assessment data are sorted and analyzed so that specific actual and potential health problems are identified

    Planning

    a series of steps by which the nurse and the patient set priorities and goals to eliminate or diminish the identified problems

    Implementation

    carrying out the nursing interventions in a systemic way

    Evaluation

    assessing the patients response to the nursing interventions

    Critical Thinking

    directed, purposeful, mental activity by which ideas are evaluated, plans are constructed, and desired outcomes are decided

    Problem Solving Process

    -define the problem clearly

    -consider all possible alternatives as solutions

    -consider the possible outcomes for each alternative

    -predict the likelihood of each outcome occurring

    -choose the alternative with the best chance of success

    Goals of the nursing process

    -explore patient health status

    -identify health problems

    -determine outcomes

    -deliver specific interventions

    -evaluate the care given

    SMART Goals

    S – Specific

    M – Measurable

    A – Attainable

    R – Realistic / Relevant

    T – Time

    Evidence-based Practice (EBP)

    an approach to the delivery of health care that “integrates the best evidence from [research] studies and patient care data with clinician expertise and patient preferences and values.”

    Nursing Process

    way of thinking and acting based on the scientific methods

    The Nursing Process

    the tool for identifying patients problems and an organized method for meeting patients needs

    Novice Thinking

    Focus on action with out assessment, unaware of resource, need clear cut rules, anxiety and lack of self confidence.

    Expert Thinking

    Assesses then acts, aware of resources and how to use them, knows how to bend the rules, focused.

    Critical Thinking in Nursing

    A way of thinking in nursing practice

    Reflective thinking

    Critical thinking

    Quality of thinking improves over time

    Novice to Expert

    Creative approach to thinking

    Dynamic approach to patient care

    Research Process – Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

    Identify a researchable problem

    Review the literature

    Form a research question or hypothesis

    Design of the study

    Implementation of the study

    Drawing conclusions based on findings

    Discussion and/or clinical implications

    Dissemination of findings

    Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Nursing and Healthcare Essay

  • Nursing Conceptual Model PowerPoint Presentation – Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) Assignment

    Nursing Conceptual Model PowerPoint Presentation – Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) Assignment

    This is a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) assignment.

    Select a Nursing Conceptual Model from Topic 2, and prepare a 12-slide PowerPoint presentation about the model. Include:

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    A brief overview of the nursing conceptual model selected:
    HEALTH

    Explanation of how the nursing conceptual model incorporates the four metaparadigm concepts.

    Explain at least three specific ways in which the nursing conceptual model could be used to improve nursing practice. Elaborate, explain, or defend each point mentioned.

    Provide current reliable sources to establish credibility for the presentation. Nursing Conceptual Model PowerPoint Presentation – Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) Assignment

    Requirements for PowerPoint are as follows:

    10 slides for content.

    1 slide for references.

    1 slide for the title, which includes: (a) title of the presentation, (b) names of the CLC group members, and (c) date

    Accompanying speaker notes elaborating on the information contained in each slide.

    One member of the CLC group will submit the presentation, speaker notes, and the completed “CLC Group Project Agreement” to the instructor.

    While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. Nursing Conceptual Model PowerPoint Presentation – Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) Assignment

    This Nursing Conceptual Model PowerPoint Presentation – Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) Assignment uses a rubric. Students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the criteria and expectations for successful completion.

    Rubrics

    Overview of a selected nursing conceptual model is offered, accurate, and detailed, while demonstrating insight through the offering of thoughtful reflection.

    Explanation on how selected nursing conceptual model incorporates the four metaparadigm concepts is accurate, detailed, and supported by current reliable resources, while demonstrating insight through the offering of thoughtful reflection. Nursing Conceptual Model PowerPoint Presentation – Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) Assignment.

    Explanation of at least three specific ways in which nursing model could be used to improve nursing practice is accurate, detailed, and supported by current reliable resources, while demonstrating insight through the offering of thoughtful reflection

    The writer uses a variety of sentence constructions, figures of speech, and word choice in distinctive and creative ways that are appropriate to purpose, discipline, and scope. Nursing Conceptual Model PowerPoint Presentation – Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) Assignment.

    Title slide is complete. References section includes correctly cited sources. Correct citations are included within the body of the presentation.

    Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English

    The layout is visually pleasing and contributes to the overall message with appropriate use of headings, subheadings, and white space. Text is appropriate in length for the target audience and to the point. The background and colors enhance the readability of the text. Nursing Conceptual Model PowerPoint Presentation – Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) Assignment

  • NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    Purpose

    This assignment provides the opportunity for the student to complete an analysis of a concept supported by a
    nursing
    theory using an identified process. The assignment fosters analytical thinking related to the selected concept as well as application within the profession.

    Requirements

    Description of the Assignment

    This assignment presents a modified method for conducting a concept analysis of
    ONE
    concept that is important and useful to nursing.  The concept for this assignment must be supported by a published
    nursing
    theory. The selected concept is identified and then the elements of the analysis process are applied in order to synthesize knowledge for application as demonstrated through the creation of model, borderline, and contrary cases.  Theoretical applications of the concept are also discussed. Non-nursing theories may
    NOT
    be used. The paper concludes with a synthesis of the student’s new knowledge about the concept. The scholarly literature is incorporated throughout the analysis. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    Only the elements identified in this assignment should be used for this concept analysis.  

    Criteria for Content

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    Introduction

    The introduction substantively presents all the following elements:

    Identifies the role of concept analysis within theory development.

    Identifies the selected
    nursing

    Identifies the
    nursing
    theory that addresses the selected concept.

    Names the sections of the paper.

    Scholarly support is required.

    Definition/Explanation of the selected nursing concept

    This section includes:

    Defines/explains the concept using scholarly literature (a dictionary maybe used for this section ONLY, and additional scholarly nursing references are required).

    A substantive discussion of this section with support from nursing literature is required.

     

    Literature review

    This section requires:

    A substantive discussion of
    at least 6 (six)
    scholarly nursing literature sources on the selected concept.

    Themes, ideas, and/or facts about the concept found in the reviewed sources are presented in an organized fashion.

    Support from nursing literature is required.

    NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

     

    Please Note:
    Primary research articles about the selected nursing concept are the most useful resource for the literature review.

    Defining attributes

    For this section:

    A minimum of
    THREE (3)
    attributes are required.

    A substantive discussion of this section with support from nursing literature is required

     

    Explanation
    :  An attribute identifies characteristics of a concept.  For this situation, the characteristics of the selected nursing concept are identified and discussed. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper.

    Antecedent and Consequence

    This section requires the identification of:

    1 antecedent
    of the selected nursing concept.

    1 consequence
    of the selected nursing concept.

    A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

     

    Explanation:
      An antecedent is an identifiable occurrence that precedes an event.  In this situation, an antecedent precedes a selected nursing concept. A consequence follows or is the result of an event.  In this situation a consequence follows or is the result of the selected nursing concept. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper.

    Empirical Referents

    This section requires the identification of:

    2 (two)
    empirical referents of the selected nursing concept.

    A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

     

    Explanation:
      An empirical referent is an objective ways to measure or determine the presence of the selected nursing concept. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper.

    Construct Cases

    Explanation:
    hypothetical or real-life situations demonstrating the use or absence of the concept.

    This section requires the creation of a model case, borderline case, and contrary case.

    1 Model Case
    is created by the student and discussed substantively by demonstrating within the case each of the following areas:

    Definition

    All identified attributes

    Explanation:
     A model case is an example of a hypothetical or real-life situation that demonstrates all of the attributes noted previously in this NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper.

     

    1 Borderline Case
    is created by the student in which one or two of the previously identified attributes are missing.

    1 Contrary Case
    is created by the student that demonstrates the opposite of the selected nursing concepts. All identified attributes of the concept are absent in this case.

     

    Explanation:
      Borderline case is a created case where one or two of the previously identified attributes are missing. Contrary case is a created case that demonstrate the complete opposite of the selected nursing concept – all identified attributes are missing.

     

    Theoretical Applications of the Concept

    Discuss the purpose of a concept analysis in relationship to theory.

    Explain how the concept applies to the selected nursing theory.

    A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

     

    Conclusion

    This section requires:

    Summarization of key information regarding:

    Selected nursing concept.

    Selected nursing theory.

    Application of concept analysis findings to advanced practice nursing (specific to selected specialty track professional role and/or area of practice).

    The concluding statements include self-reflection on the new knowledge gained from conducting a concept analysis. (Self-reflection may be written in first-person.) NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper.

    Preparing the Assignment

    Criteria for Format and Special Instructions

    The paper (excluding the title page and reference page) should be
    at least 6, but no more than 8 pages
    . Points will be lost for not meeting these length requirements.

    Title page, running head, body of paper, and reference page must follow APA guidelines as found in the 6
    th
    edition of the manual. This includes the use of headings for each section of the paper except for the introduction where no heading is used.

    The source of the concept for this assignment must be a published
    nursing
    Non-nursing theories may
    NOT
    be used. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper.

    A minimum of
    6

    (six)
    scholarly references must be used. Required textbooks for this course, and Chamberlain College of Nursing lesson information may
    NOT
    be used as scholarly references for this assignment. A dictionary maybe used as a reference for the section titled “Definition/Explanation of the selected nursing concept”, but it is
    NOT
    counted as one of the 6 required scholarly nursing references. Be aware that information from .com websites may be incorrect and should be avoided.

    References are current – within a 5-year time frame unless a valid rationale is provided and the instructor has approved them.

    Ideas and information from scholarly, peer reviewed, nursing sources must be cited and referenced correctly.

    Rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, and punctuation are followed and consistent with formal, scientific writing.

    PLEASE note: Do not rely on .com sites to identify the nursing theory as they do not provide accurate information in all cases. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper.

    Possible Concepts:
    The following concepts are not required; students may select one of these concepts or find another concept. Each selected concept must be associated with a nursing theory; the use of non-nursing theories is
    NOT
    allowed. If you have any questions regarding your concept or the nursing theory, please consult with your faculty member for assistance.
    Please note: the concepts of incivility and civility are not allowed for this NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper.

    ·         Adaptation

    ·         Burnout

    ·         Caring

    ·         Comfort

    ·         Compassion

    ·         Compassion fatigue

    ·         Competence

    ·         Cultural humility

    ·         Empowerment

    ·         Engagement

    ·         Health

    ·         Leadership

    ·         Meaningfulness

    ·         Modeling

    ·         Noise

    ·         Pain

    ·         Palliative care

    ·         Quality of life

    ·         Resilience

    ·         Self-care

    ·         Sensory overload

    ·         Situational awareness

     

     

     

    Directions and Assignment Criteria

    Assignment Criteria

    Points

    %

    Description

    Introduction

    10

    4

    The introduction substantively presents all the following elements:

    ·         Identifies the role of concept analysis within theory development.

    ·         Identifies the selected
    nursing
    concept.

    ·         Identifies the
    nursing
    theory that addresses the selected concept.

    ·         Names the sections of the paper.

    ·         Scholarly support is required.

    Definition/Explanation of Selected Concept

    25

    10

    This section includes:

    ·         Defines/explains the concept using scholarly literature (a dictionary maybe used for this section ONLY, and additional scholarly nursing references are required).

    ·         A substantive discussion of this section with support from nursing literature is required.

    Literature Review                                     

    35

    14

    This section requires:

    ·         A substantive discussion of
    at least 6 (six)
    scholarly nursing literature sources on the selected concept.

    ·         Themes, ideas, and/or facts about the concept found in the reviewed sources are presented in an organized fashion.

    ·         Support from nursing literature is required.

    Defining Attributes

    25

    10

    For this section:

    ·         A minimum of
    THREE (3)
    attributes are required.

    ·         A substantive discussion of this section with support from nursing literature is required

    Antecedent & Consequence

    25

    10

    This section requires the identification of:

    ·        
    1 antecedent
    of the selected nursing concept.

    ·        
    1 consequence
    of the selected nursing concept.

    ·         A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

    Empirical Referents

    20

    8

    This section requires the identification of:

    ·        
    2 (two)
    empirical referents of the selected nursing concept.

    ·         A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

    NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    Construct Cases

    30

    12

    This section requires:

    ·        
    1 Model Case
    is created by the student and discussed substantively by demonstrating within the case each of the following areas:

    o   Definition

    o   All identified attributes

    ·        
    1 Borderline Case
    is created by the student in which one or two of the previously identified attributes are missing.

    ·        
    1 Contrary Case
    is created by the student that demonstrates the opposite of the selected nursing concepts. All identified attributes of the concept are absent in this case. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    Theoretical Applications of the Concept

    30

    12

    This section requires:

    ·         Discussion of the purpose of a concept analysis in relationship to theory.

    ·         Explanation on how the concept applies to the selected nursing theory.

    ·         A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

    Conclusion

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    10

    4

    This section requires:

    ·         Summarization of key information regarding:

    ·         Selected nursing concept.

    ·         Selected nursing theory.

    ·         Application of concept analysis findings to advanced practice nursing (specific to selected specialty track professional role and/or area of practice).

    ·         The concluding statements include self-reflection on the new knowledge gained from conducting a concept analysis. (Self-reflection may be written in first-person.)

    NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    Paper Specifications

    20

    8

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    The source of the concept for this assignment was a published nursing theory.  Non-nursing theories may
    NOT
    be used.

    NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper meets length requirements of
    6 to 8 pages

     

    Minimum of 6 scholarly nursing references

    A dictionary (except for Definition section), required textbooks for this course and Chamberlain College of Nursing lesson information, may
    NOT
    be used as scholarly references for this assignment.

     

    References are current – within a 5-year time frame unless a valid rationale is provided and the instructor has approved them.

    APA Format (6
    th
    edition)

    10

    4

    Title page, running head, body of paper, and reference page must follow APA guidelines as found in the 6
    th
    edition of the manual. This includes the use of headings for each section of the paper except for the introduction where no heading is used.

    One deduction for each type of APA style error

    Citations in Text

    5

    2

    Ideas and information that come from readings must be cited and referenced correctly.

    Writing Mechanics

    5

    2

    Rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, and punctuation are followed and consistent with formal written work as found in the 6
    th
    edition of the APA manual.

    Total

     250

    100
    %

    A quality assignment will meet or exceed all of the above requirements. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

     

     

              Grading Rubric

    Assignment Criteria

    Exceptional

    (100%)

    Outstanding or highest level of performance

    Exceeds

    (88%)

    Very good or high level of performance

    Meets

    (80%)

    Competent or satisfactory level of performance

    Needs Improvement

    (38%)

    Poor or failing level of performance

    Developing

    (0)

    Unsatisfactory level of performance

    Content

    Possible Points = 230 Points

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Introduction

     10 Points

    9 Points

    8 Points

    4  Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Identifies the role of concept analysis within theory development.

     

    Identifies the selected
    nursing
    concept.

     

    Identifies the
    nursing
    theory from which the selected concept was obtained.

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    Identifies the sections of the paper.

     

    Scholarly support from nursing literature was provided.

     

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Identifies the role of concept analysis within theory development.

     

    Identifies the selected
    nursing
    concept.

     

    Identifies the
    nursing
    theory from which the selected concept was obtained.

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

     

    Identifies the sections of the paper.

     

    Scholarly support from nursing literature was provided. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

     

     

     

     

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements: NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

     

    Identifies the role of concept analysis within theory development.

     

    Identifies the selected
    nursing
    concept.

     

    Identifies the
    nursing
    theory from which the selected concept was obtained.

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    Identifies the sections of the paper.

     

    Limited scholarly support from nursing literature was provided.

     

    Presentation of

    information in
    one or two
    of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    Identifies the role of concept analysis within theory development.

     

    Identifies the selected
    nursing
    concept.

     

    Identifies the
    nursing
    theory from which the selected concept was obtained.

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    Identifies the sections of the paper.

     

    Limited or no scholarly support from nursing literature was provided.

     

     

     

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    three or more
    of the following elements:

     

    Identifies the role of concept analysis within theory development.

     

    Identifies the selected
    nursing
    concept.

     

    Identifies the
    nursing
    theory from which the selected concept was obtained.

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    Identifies the sections of the paper.

     

     

    Limited or no scholarly support from nursing literature was provided.

     

    Definition/

    Explanation of Selected Concept

    25  Points

    22 Points

     20 Points

     10 Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Defines/explains the concept using scholarly literature (a dictionary maybe used for this section ONLY, and additional scholarly nursing references are required).

     

    Provides support from scholarly sources.

     

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Defines/explains the concept using scholarly literature (a dictionary maybe used for this section ONLY, and additional scholarly nursing references are required).

     

    Provides support from scholarly sources.

     

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Defines/explains the concept using scholarly literature (a dictionary maybe used for this section ONLY, and additional scholarly nursing references are required).

     

    Provides limited support from scholarly sources.

     

    Presentation of

    information in
    one
     of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    Defines/explains the concept using scholarly literature (a dictionary maybe used for this section ONLY, and additional scholarly nursing references are required).

     

    Provides limited or no scholarly support.

     

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    each
    of the following elements:

     

    Defines/explains the concept using scholarly literature (a dictionary maybe used for this section ONLY, and additional scholarly nursing references are required).

     

    Provides limited or no scholarly support.

     

     

     

    Literature Review

    35 Points

    31 Points

    28 Points

    13 Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    A substantive discussion of
    at least 6 (six)
    nursing literature sources on the selected concept.

     

    Themes, ideas, and/or facts about the concept found in the reviewed sources are presented in an organized fashion. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    A substantive discussion of
    at least 6 (six)
    nursing literature sources on the selected concept.

     

    Themes, ideas, and/or facts about the concept found in the reviewed sources are presented in an organized fashion.

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    A substantive discussion of at
    least 6 (six)
    nursing literature sources on the selected concept.

     

    Themes, ideas, and/or facts about the concept found in the reviewed sources are presented in an organized fashion.

    Presentation of

    information in
    one
    of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    A substantive discussion of at least
    6 (six)
    nursing literature sources on the selected concept.

     

    Themes, ideas, and/or facts about the concept found in the reviewed sources are presented in an organized fashion.

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    each
    of the following elements:

     

    A substantive discussion of at least
    6 (six)
    nursing literature sources on the selected concept.

     

    Themes, ideas, and/or facts about the concept found in the reviewed sources are presented in a disorganized fashion.

    Defining Attributes

     

    25  Points

    22 Points

     20 Points

     10 Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    A minimum of 3 (three) attributes

     

    Support from scholarly sources provided.

     

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    A minimum of 3 (three) attributes are required.

     

    Support from scholarly sources provided.

     

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    A minimum of 3 (three) attributes are required.

     

    Limited support from scholarly sources provided.

     

    Presentation of

    information in
    one
    of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    One or two attributes of the selected nursing concepts were presented.

     

    Limited or no support from scholarly sources provided.

     

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    each
    of the following elements:

     

    No attributes of the selected nursing concept were presented.

     

    Limited or no support from scholarly sources provided.

     

    Antecedent & Consequence

    25  Points

    22 Points

     20 Points

     10 Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    1 antecedent
    of the selected nursing concept.

     

    1 consequence
    of the selected nursing concept. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

     

    Support from scholarly nursing literature provided.

     

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    1 antecedent
    of the selected nursing concept.

     

    1 consequence
    of the selected nursing concept.

     

    Support from scholarly nursing literature provided.

     

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    1 antecedent
    of the selected nursing concept.

     

    1 consequence
    of the selected nursing concept.

     

    Limited support from scholarly nursing literature provided.

     

    Presentation of

    information in
    one
    of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    1 antecedent
    of the selected nursing concept.

     

    1 consequence
    of the selected nursing concept.

     

    Limited or no support from scholarly nursing literature was provided.

     

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    two or more
    of the following elements:

     

    1 antecedent
    of the selected nursing concept.

    1 consequence
    of selected nursing concept.

     

    Limited or no support from scholarly literature was provided.

    Empirical Referents

    20  Points

    18 Points

     16 Points

     8 Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    2 (two)
    empirical referents of the selected nursing concept.

     

    Support from scholarly nursing literature provided.

     

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    2 (two)
    empirical referents of the selected nursing concept.

     

    Support from scholarly nursing literature provided.

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    2 (two)
    empirical referents of the selected nursing concept.

     

    Limited support from scholarly nursing literature provided.

    Presentation of

    information in
    one
    of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    2(two)
    empirical referents of the selected nursing concept.

     

    Limited or no support from scholarly nursing literature was provided.

     

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    each
    of the following elements:

     

    2(two)
    empirical referents of the selected nursing concept.

     

     

    Limited or no support from scholarly nursing literature was provided.

     

    Construct Cases

     

     

    30 Points

    26 Points

    24 Points

    11 Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    1 Model Case
    is created by the student and discussed substantively by demonstrating within the case each of the following areas:

    ·         Definition

    ·         All identified attributes

    1 Borderline Case
    is created by the student in which one or two of the previously identified attributes are missing.

    1 Contrary Case
    is created by the student that demonstrates the opposite of the selected nursing concepts. All identified attributes of the concept are absent in this case.

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    1 Model Case
    is created by the student and discussed substantively by demonstrating within the case each of the following areas:

    ·         Definition

    ·         All identified attributes

    1 Borderline Case
    is created by the student in which one or two of the previously identified attributes are missing.

    1 Contrary Case
    is created by the student that demonstrates the opposite of the selected nursing concepts. All identified attributes of the concept are absent in this case.

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    1 Model Case
    is created by the student and discussed substantively by demonstrating within the case each of the following areas:

    ·         Definition

    ·         All identified attributes

    1 Borderline Case
    is created by the student in which one or two of the previously identified attributes are missing.

    1 Contrary Case
    is created by the student that demonstrates the opposite of the selected nursing concepts. All identified attributes of the concept are absent in this case.

    Presentation of

    information in
    one
    of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    1 Model Case
    is created by the student and discussed substantively by demonstrating within the case each of the following areas:

    ·         Definition

    ·         All identified attributes

    1 Borderline Case
    is created by the student in which one or two of the previously identified attributes are missing.

    1 Contrary Case
    is created by the student that demonstrates the opposite of the selected nursing concepts. All identified attributes of the concept are absent in this case.

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    two or more
    of the following elements:

     

     

    1 Model Case
    is created by the student and discussed substantively by demonstrating within the case each of the following areas:

    ·         Definition

    ·         All identified attributes

    1 Borderline Case
    is created by the student in which one or two of the previously identified attributes are missing.

    1 Contrary Case
    is created by the student that demonstrates the opposite of the selected nursing concepts. All identified attributes of the concept are absent in this case.

    Theoretical Applications of the Concept

    30 Points

    26 Points

    24 Points

    11 Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Discusses the purpose of a concept analysis in relationship to theory.

     

    Explains how the concept applies to the selected nursing theory.

     

    A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Discusses the purpose of a concept analysis in relationship to theory.

     

    Explains how the concept applies to the selected nursing theory.

     

     

    A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Discusses the purpose of a concept analysis in relationship to theory.

     

    Explains how the concept applies to the selected nursing theory.

     

    A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

    Presentation of information in
    one
    of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    Discusses the purpose of a concept analysis in relationship to theory.

     

    Explains how the concept applies to the selected nursing theory.

     

    A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    two or more
    of the following elements:

     

    Discusses the purpose of a concept analysis in relationship to theory.

     

    Explains how the concept applies to the selected nursing theory.

     

    A substantive discussion of the element with support from nursing literature is required.

    Conclusion

     10 Points

    9 Points

    8 Points

    4  Points

    0 Points

    Presentation of information was exceptional and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing concept.

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing theory.

     

    Summarizes the application of concept analysis findings to advanced nursing practice.

     

    Self-reflection on the new knowledge gained regarding concept analysis.

     

    Presentation of information was good, but was superficial in places and included
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing concept.

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing theory.

     

    Summarizes the application of concept analysis findings to advanced nursing practice.

     

    Self-reflection on the new knowledge gained regarding concept analysis.

     

    Presentation of information was minimally demonstrated in the
    all
    of the following elements:

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing concept.

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing theory.

     

    Summarizes the application of concept analysis findings to advanced nursing practice.

     

    Self-reflection on the new knowledge gained regarding concept analysis.

     

    Presentation of

    information in
    one or two
    of the following elements fails to meet expectations:

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing concept.

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing theory.

     

    Summarizes the application of concept analysis findings to advanced nursing practice.

     

    Self-reflection on the new knowledge gained regarding concept analysis.

     

    Presentation of information is unsatisfactory in
    three or more
    of the following elements:

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing concept.

     

    Summarizes information on selected nursing theory.

     

    Summarizes the application of concept analysis findings to advanced nursing practice.

     

    Self-reflection on the new knowledge gained regarding concept analysis.

     

    Paper Specifications. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

    20  Points

    18 Points

     16 Points

     8 Points

    0 Points

    This section included
    all
    of the following:

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    The source of the concept for this assignment was a published nursing theory.

    Paper meet length requirements of 6 to 8 page.

     

    Minimum of 6 scholarly nursing references

     

    A dictionary (except for Definition section), required textbooks for this course and Chamberlain College of Nursing lesson information, were
    NOT
    used as scholarly references.

     

    References are current – within a 5-year time frame unless a valid rationale was provided and the instructor approved them.

    This section included
    three
    of the following:

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    The source of the concept for this assignment was a published nursing theory.

     

    Paper meet length requirements of 6 to 8 pages

     

    Minimum of 6 scholarly nursing references

    A dictionary (except for Definition section), required textbooks for this course and Chamberlain College of Nursing lesson information, were
    NOT
    used as scholarly references.

     

    References are current – within a 5-year time frame unless a valid rationale was provided and the instructor approved them.

    This section included only
    two
    of the following:

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    The source of the concept for this assignment was a published nursing theory.

    Paper meet length requirements of 6 to 8 pages

     

    Minimum of 6 scholarly nursing references

    A dictionary (except for Definition section), required textbooks for this course and Chamberlain College of Nursing lesson information, were
    NOT
    used as scholarly references.

     

    References are current – within a 5-year time frame unless a valid rationale was provided and the instructor approved them.

    This section included only
    one
    of the following:

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    The source of the concept for this assignment was a published nursing theory.

     

    Paper meet length requirements of 6 to 8 pages

     

    Minimum of 6 scholarly nursing references

    A dictionary (except for Definition section), required textbooks for this course and Chamberlain College of Nursing lesson information, were
    NOT
    used as scholarly references.

     

    References are current – within a 5-year time frame unless a valid rationale was provided and the instructor approved them.

    This section included
    none
    of the following:

     

    A nursing theory was used.

     

    The source of the concept for this assignment was a published nursing theory.

     

    Paper meet length requirements of 6 to 8 pages

     

    Minimum of 6 scholarly nursing references

    A dictionary (except for Definition section), required textbooks for this course and Chamberlain College of Nursing lesson information, were
    NOT
    used as scholarly references.

     

    References are current – within a 5-year time frame unless a valid rationale was provided and the instructor approved them.

    Content Subtotal

     

     

    _____of  230 points

    Format

    Possible Points =  20 Points

    APA Style

     10 Points

    9 Points

    8 Points

    4  Points

    0 Points

    APA guidelines, as per the 6
    th
    edition of the manual, are demonstrated for the

    ·         title page,

    ·         running head,

    ·         body of paper (including citations and headings), and

    ·         reference page

    One deduction for each type of APA format error

     

    0 to 1
    APA error was present

    APA guidelines, as per the 6
    th
    edition of the manual, are demonstrated for the

    ·         title page,

    ·         running head,

    ·         body of paper (including citations and headings), and

    ·         reference page

     

    One deduction for each type of APA format error

     

    2 –  3
    APA errors were present

    APA guidelines, as per the 6
    th
    edition of the manual, are demonstrated for the

    ·         title page,

    ·         running head,

    ·         body of paper (including citations and headings), and

    ·         reference page

     

    One deduction for each type of APA format error

     

    4 – 5
    APA were are present

    APA guidelines, as per the 6
    th
    edition of the manual, are demonstrated for the

    ·         title page,

    ·         running head,

    ·         body of paper (including citations and headings), and

    ·         reference page

     

    One deduction for each type of APA format error

     

    6 – 7
    APA were are  present

    APA guidelines, as per the 6
    th
    edition of the manual, are demonstrated for the

    ·         title page,

    ·         running head,

    ·         body of paper (including citations and headings), and

    ·         reference page

     

    One deduction for each type of APA format error

     

    8 or greater
    APA errors were present

    Citations

    5  Points

    4  Points

    3 Points

     2 Points

    0 Points

    There were 0-1 errors in the crediting of ideas, and information  that contributed to knowledge

     

    Permission to use references older than 5 years was obtained from faculty.

    There were 2-3  errors in the crediting of ideas, and information that contributed to knowledge

     

    Permission to use references older than 5 years was
    NOT
    obtained from faculty.

    There were 4-5 errors in the crediting of ideas, and information that contributed to knowledge. NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

     

     

    There were 6-7 errors in the crediting of ideas, and information that contributed to knowledge

    There were 8 or greater errors in the crediting of ideas, and information that contributed to knowledge

    Writing Quality

    5  Points

    4  Points

    3 Points

     2 Points

    0 Points

    1–2
    errors or exceptions to the rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, punctuation and other aspects of formal written work as found in the 6
    th
    edition of the APA manual

    3 – 4
    errors or exceptions to the rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, punctuation and other aspects of formal written work as found in the 6
    th
    edition of the APA manual

     

    5 – 6
    errors or exceptions to the rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, punctuation and other aspects of formal written work as found in the 6
    th
    edition of the APA manual

     

    7 – 8
    errors or exceptions to the rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, punctuation and other aspects of formal written work as found in the 6
    th
    edition of the APA manual

     

    9 or greater
    errors
    or exceptions to the rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, punctuation and other aspects of formal written work as found in the 6
    th
    edition of the APA manual

     

    Format Subtotal

    _____of   20 points

    NR501 Concept Analysis Guidelines and Rubric

    _____of  250 points

    Comments:

     
    NR501 Concept Analysis Supported by a Nursing Theory Essay Assignment Paper

  • Pathophysiology, Etiology and risk factors, Clinical Manifestations & Complications of Ebola virus Essay

    Pathophysiology, Etiology and risk factors, Clinical Manifestations & Complications of Ebola virus Essay

    Ebola virus Assignment Criteria

    Assignment Criteria

    Points

    %

    Description

    Introduction of disease

    20

    20%

    Provide a brief description of the disease/disorder. This part of the paper should
    not
    be limited to the definition of the disease. Include epidemiology as appropriate.

    Etiology

    20

    20%

    Identify common causes and risk factors for the disease, to include age, gender, environmental, genetic, and lifestyle.

    Pathophysiological processes

    20

    20%

    Describe how the disease begins by describing the cause and mechanisms of the disease that give rise to signs and symptoms. Remember pathophysiology should be on a cellular level. Include information on how the body attempts to overcome/correct the disease, if applicable.

    Clinical Manifestations & Complications

    20

    20%

    Describe the physical signs and symptoms that are important in considering the presence of the disease.

    Diagnostics

    10

    10%

    Describe common laboratory and diagnostic tests used to determine the presence of the disease. Provide information on significant findings for these diagnostic studies associated with the disease.

    APA Style and Organization

    10

    10%

    The assignment should be a 2-3 page (excluding title and reference pages) typed paper and presented in APA format. This includes an APA title, page and references with in-text citations. Spelling and grammar will be evaluated with this assignment.

     

    Must include at least two (2) scholarly, primary sources from the last 5 years,
    excluding the textbook.

    Total

    100

    100%

     

    Write a 2-3 page paper (excluding title and reference pages). Include the following information (also outlined in the grading rubric) abouttheselecteddiseaseprocess:

    Introduction of disease

    Etiology and risk factors

    Pathophysiological processes

    Clinical Manifestations & Complications

    Diagnostics

    Provide a reference list in APA

    A minimum of two (2) scholarly, primary sources are

    Given the nature of the research, current literature (within 5 years).

     

     

     

     

    Introduction of disease (20)

    Provides a one-paragraph description of the disease/ disorder and is
    not
    limited to the definition of the disease. Includes
    complete description
    of the disease epidemiology.

     

    19-20 points

    Etiology (20)

    Identifies
    ALL
    of the following: common causes and risk factors for the disease including age, gender, environmental, genetic, and lifestyle.

     

    19-20 points

    Pathophysiological processes (20)

    Comprehensively
    describes the cause(s) of the disease and the disease mechanisms that give rise to signs and symptoms.

    Comprehensively
    describes processes at the cellular level and information related the body’s attempts to overcome the disease.

    19-20 points

    Clinical Manifestations & Complications (20)

    Comprehensively
    describes the physical signs and symptoms that are important in considering the presence of the disease.

    Comprehensively
    describes significant and common complications associated with the disease if left untreated.

    19-20 points

    Diagnostics (10)

    Comprehensively
    describes common laboratory and diagnostic tests used to determine the presence of the disease.

    Comprehensively
    describes information on significant findings for these diagnostic studies associated with the disease.

    10 points

    APA Style and Organization (10)

    •  References are submitted with assignment.

    •  Used appropriate APA format (6th ed.) and
    are free of errors.

    •  Grammar and mechanics
    are free of errors.

    ·   Paper is 2-3 pages, excluding title and reference pages

    ·   At least two (2) scholarly, primary sources from the last 5 years, excluding the textbook, are provided

     

     

    10 points

    Pathophysiology, Etiology and risk factors, Clinical Manifestations & Complications of Ebola virus Essay

  • MN568 Advanced Practice Nursing Essay – Discussion Board: UTI – Urinary Tract Infection, Overactive Bladder, Cystitis, Noninfectous Urethritis

    MN568 Advanced Practice Nursing Essay – Discussion Board: UTI – Urinary Tract Infection, Overactive Bladder, Cystitis, Noninfectous Urethritis

    Topic 1
    K.N. is a 24-year-old woman who presents to the family practice clinic complaining of sudden urgency to urinate, back pain, frequent urination, and pain with urination. Symptoms began approximately 48 hours ago.

    ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER NOW

    She awoke from sleep with urgency and suprapubic discomfort 2 nights ago. Her urine now has a strong odor and a cloudy appearance. She has an allergy to Bactrim.

    What are some appropriate questions to ask the patient?

    What are three differential diagnoses for the patient?  
    ( Urinary Tract Infection,, Overactive Bladder, Cystitis, Noninfectous Urethritis)

    What physical examination would you perform? (Urine culture

    What diagnostics would you include?

    Create an evidenced-based plan of care. Include pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments.

    Urine dipstick results: Color, dark yellow, specific gravity 1.035, ph 5.5, protein (-), Ketones (-), Bilirubin (-), Trace blood, Leukoesterase (+), Nitrites (+), Urobilinogen (-)

    No Plegarism please,  will be checked with Turnitin.

    Will need minimum of 300 words, APA Style, double spaced, times new roman, font 12, and and Include: (3 references within 2015-2018)with intext citations.

    MN568 Advanced Practice Nursing Essay – Discussion Board: UTI – Urinary Tract Infection, Overactive Bladder, Cystitis, Noninfectous Urethritis

  • Nursing Theories Paper

    Nursing Theories Paper

    Nursing Theories: An OverviewSource Link: 
    http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/nursing_theories_overview.html

    Prompt: 

    What
     
    is my experience with nursing theory?  Have I ever seen nursing theory in practice?  How important do I think
     
    nursing
     
    theory is to nursing practice? What do I find most interesting about what I am learning about nursing theory?
     
    Is
     
    my mind and heart open to learning to see nursing from a different perspective?

    Summary:
     The purpose of the Reflective Journal is to allow for analysis, synthesis and evaluation of nursing theory using guided questions. Reflection in Action has been referred to as a process that happens internally, privately or in isolation (Hill & Watson, 2011). Also, a useful definition of reflection has been referred to as the examination of an issue of concern, as a consequence of experience, creating clarity and meaning in terms of self, and which results in a change of perspective ( Boyd & Fales, 1983).

    Boyd, E. M., & Fales, A. W. (1983). Reflective learning: Key to learning from experience, Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 23(2), 99-117.

    Hill, M. & Watson, J. (2011). Creating a Caring Science Curriculum. New York, NY: Springer Publishing.

    Nursing Theories Paper