Category: Nursing

NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example

Post
 an explanation for how you think the cost-benefit analysis in the statement from page 27 of Feldstein (2006) affected efforts to repeal/replace the ACA. Then, explain how analyses such as the one portrayed by the Feldstein statement may affect decisions by legislative leaders in recommending or positioning national policies (e.g., Congress’ decisions impacting Medicare or Medicaid).

Assignment: Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement

As a nurse, how often have you thought to yourself, 
If I had anything to do about it, things would work a little differently?
 Increasingly, nurses are beginning to realize that they do, in fact, have a role and a voice.

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Many nurses encounter daily experiences that motivate them to take on an advocacy role in hopes of impacting policies, laws, or regulations that impact healthcare issues of interest. NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example Of course, doing so means entering the less familiar world of policy and politics. While many nurses do not initially feel prepared to operate in this space effectively, the reward is the opportunity to shape and influence future health policy.

The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Comparison Grid; 1- to 2-page Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement)

Part 1: Legislation Comparison Grid

Based on the health-related bill you selected, complete the Legislation Comparison Grid Template. Be sure to address the following:

Determine the legislative intent of the bill you have reviewed.

Identify the proponents/opponents of the bill.

Identify the target populations addressed by the bill.

Where in the process is the bill currently? Is it in hearings or committees?

Is it receiving press coverage?

Part 2: Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement

Based on the health-related bill you selected, develop a 1- to 2-page Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement that addresses the following:

Advocate a position for the bill you selected and write testimony in support of your position.

Describe how you would address the opponent to your position. Be specific and provide examples.

Recommend at least one amendment to the bill in support of your position. NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example

 

Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement

Legislation Comparison Grid Template

Legislation Comparison Grid Template

 

Use this document to complete Part 1 of the Module 2 Assessment
Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement

Health-related Bill Name

 

H.R.1390 – Mobile Health Record Act of 2019

Description

 

The bill was introduced in the house on 27
th
February 2019 under the sponsorship of Susan Brooks the representative from Indiana and co-sponsorship of New York representative Yvette Clarke.

 

Federal or State?

Federal

Legislative Intent

 

The legislation aims to amend the Social Security Act, titles explicitly XVIII and XIX. The objective is to provide to benefit from part A or part B if the Medicare programs. This also includes individuals who have enrolled under a State program under Medicaid all of who will be empowered to access personal medical data including prescriptions, providers, diagnosis and tests through the mobile health record application of their choice. NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example

Target Population

 

Beneficiaries of Medicaid

Status of the bill (Is it in hearings or committees? Is it receiving press coverage?)

 

The bill was introduced to Congress on February 27, 2019, and as later referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce as well as the House Committee on Ways and Means. It is still at this stage of legislation.

This is a relatively new bill given it was introduced less than a month ago, hence it has not received significant news coverage.

 

 

General Notes/Comments

 

 

 

Universal health coverage is a significant issue in the United States. Considerable efforts have been placed in enhancing access to not only quality care but also healthcare information. This bill seeks to improve such access by allowing Medicaid beneficiaries to access personal health information through the mobile platform. NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example

 

 

 

Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement

Access to healthcare has been one of the fundamental goal for different administrations. However, the cost associated  to delivery of healthcare to all is immeasurable. Different health insurance programs have been put in place. Healthcare insurance for all has been an essential agenda for different regimes in the United States history. Subsequent governments have attempted to improve the level of access to quality healthcare services, universal coverage, especially among the vulnerable populations, and enhanced access to care information. The H.R.1390 – Mobile Health Record Act of 2019 aims to improve access to care information at a personal level through the adoption of novice technology. In his assessment Dameff, Clay, and Longhurst (2019) argues that the mobile health records platform is yet to prove its usefulness, scalability, sustainability, and its capacity to improve health delivery and outcomes.

The main question is whether the platform through the provision of personal health information can enhance care outcomes at minimal costs while maintaining the quality of services delivered. However, it should be considered that the advent of electronic health records combined with the increased adoption of internet platforms as well as smart technologies have facilitated to flow of crucial clinical information across care organizations and providers (Dameff, Clay, &Longhurst, 2019) NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example. The same, if achieved at the individual level, will improve patient inclusion in decision making and also enhance the people’s ability to make informed medical decisions with regards to their consumption of healthcare.

Opposition to this Act can result from the unproven status of such technology in enhancing access and quality of care services. Such concerns can be quelled through referencing the success achieved through Electronic Health Records which according to Bouayad, Ialynytchev, and Padmanabhan (2017), have made significant achievements in the improving quality and reducing errors. The same can be delivered through the proposed platform by enhancing how information is shared between care providers and patients.

Same with other information technologies adopted in the healthcare industry, mobile patient health information systems are susceptible to ethical concerns with regards to the safety of this information and the protection of individual rights to privacy. According to Bouri and Ravi (2014), such matters are compounded by the role played by third-party vendors who might mine or store patient information for alternative uses other than the individual’s care needs. As such, the legislators need to include amendments that clarify the accountability, rights to access, liabilities, and obligations of the parties involved in the input, storage, and transfer of patient information NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example.

References

All Information (Except Text) for H.R.1390 – Mobile Health Record Act of 2019. (2019). Retrieved https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1390/all-info?r=1

Bouri, N., & Ravi, S. (2014). Going mobile: How mobile personal health records can improve health care during emergencies.
JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2
(1), e8.

Bouayad, L., Ialynytchev, A., & Padmanabhan, B. (2017). Patient health record systems scope and functionalities: Literature review and future directions.
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19
(11), e388.

Dameff, C., Clay, B., Longhurst, C. A. (2019). Personal Health Records: More Promising in the Smartphone Era?
JAMA, 321
(4):339–340. NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example.

 

Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement

Legislation Comparison Grid Template

Legislation Comparison Grid Template

 

Use this document to complete Part 1 of the Module 2 Assessment
Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example

 

Health-related Bill Name

 

H.R.1346 – Medicare Buy-In and Health Care Stabilization Act of 2019

Description

 

The legislation was introduced to the House by New York district 26 representative Brian Higgins on February 25, 2019.

 

Federal or State?

Federal

Legislative Intent

 

The legislation intends to amend title XVIII of the national Social Security Act to allow people aged between fifty and sixty-four to buy into Medicare. In addition to this, the bill aims to enhance the stability of the nation’s health insurance market. In this light, the bill seeks to mitigate gaps within Medicare to improve coverage for medical need linked to dental, vision and hearing care. Further, it aims at introducing a buy-in clause for persons facing financial challenges in securing coverage for Medicare, and individuals aged between 50 and 64 by making them eligible for enrolment.

 

Target Population

Vulnerable populations

Individuals aged 50 to 64

 

Status of the bill (Is it in hearings or committees? Is it receiving press coverage?)

 

The bill was introduced to the floor of the house on 25
th
February 2019. It has been subsequently referred to the Committee on Ways and Means and the Committee on Energy and Commerce. It has yet to receive considerable media coverage NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example.

 

General Notes/Comments

 

Various gaps have been identified in Medicare provisions. Among other factors, the differences mean that beneficiaries do receive coverage on hearing, vision, and dental care resulting in high off-the-pocket costs. The proposed bill will go a long way in addressing these gaps as well as stabilizing the nation’s care insurance market.

 

Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement

As a care provider, I am in support of the H.R.1346 – Medicare Buy-In and Health Care Stabilization Act of 2019 given its potential effects in sealing gaps within Medicare that result in higher costs for the consumers and the program itself. Willink, Shoen, and Davis (2018) positions that when it was created almost fifty years ago, Medicare did not include provisions to cover the expenses associated with dental, vision, and hearing care. As a result, the program has had to pay for much higher amounts on severe illnesses and complications arising from or aggravated by the inadequacies in hearing, vision and dental coverage. NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example.

The impact of this gap is compounded when one considers the number of individuals suffering from these problems but could not receive the needed care. In 2017, 70%, 43% and 75% of people with difficulties in eating, trouble in seeing, and those who required hearing aids respectively did not receive treatment for their respective issues (Willink, Shoen, & Davis, 2018). The proposed bill, if passed, will provide a considerable reprieve for these individuals as well as significantly reducing the consequential costs linked to the impact of these conditions on Medicare and the public NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example.

Advocacy for the passage of the Medicare Buy-In and Health Care Stabilization Act of 2019 should also consider potential opposition to its passage. To alleviate this challenge, it is advisable to conduct educative programs on how the bill will benefit the nation in addition to Medicare beneficiaries. However, as advised by Burke, Crist, and Goldberg (2019), it is also vital for the legislators to consider real-life consequences of Medicare beneficiaries, especially older adults, who have difficulties in accessing oral, visual, and hearing care because of the expensive nature of paying for these services from their pockets. As it stands, the proposed act does not mention individuals older than sixty-five years. This points to an overlook over a patient population that significantly suffer from these problems. NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example.

References

Burke, G., Christ, A., & Goldberg, J. (2019). Creating an oral health benefit in Medicare: A statutory analysis.
Issue Brief, 2019
(1), 1-7.

H.R.1346 – Medicare Buy-In and Health Care Stabilization Act of 2019. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1346/text?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22GAPS+IN+MEDICARE%22%5D%7D&r=2

Willink, A., Shoen, C., & Davis, K. (2018). How Medicare could provide dental, vision, and hearing care for beneficiaries
. Issue Brief (CommonWealth Fund), 2018
(1), 1-12. NURS 6050 Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement Example

Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay

Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation

Assume you are a nurse manager on a unit where a new nursing documentation system is to be implemented. You want to ensure that the system will be usable and acceptable for the nurses impacted. You realize a nurse leader must be on the implementation team.

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To Prepare:

• Review the steps of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and reflect on the scenario presented.

• Consider the benefits and challenges associated with involving a nurse leader on an implementation team for health information technology Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay.

The Assignment: (2-3 pages)

In preparation of filling this role, develop a 2- to 3-page role description for a graduate-level nurse to guide his/her participation on the implementation team. The role description should be based on the SDLC stages and tasks and should clearly define how this individual will participate in and impact each of the following steps:

• Planning and requirements definition

• Analysis

• Design of the new system

• Implementation

• Post-implementation support McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

READING/RESOURCES

Chapter 9, “Systems Development Life Cycle: Nursing Informatics and Organizational Decision Making” (pp. 175–187)

Chapter 12, “Electronic Security” (pp. 229–242)

Chapter 13, “Workflow and Beyond Meaningful Use” (pp. 245–261)

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.a). Health IT evaluation toolkit and evaluation measures quick reference guide. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from https://healthit.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/health-it-evaluation-toolkit-and-evaluation-measures-quick-reference

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.b). Workflow assessment for health IT toolkit. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from https://healthit.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/workflow-assessment-health-it-toolkit

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

• Chapter 9, “Systems Development Life Cycle: Nursing Informatics and Organizational Decision Making” (pp. 175–187)

• Chapter 12, “Electronic Security” (pp. 229–242)

• Chapter 13, “Workflow and Beyond Meaningful Use” (pp. 245–261)

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.a). Health IT evaluation toolkit and evaluation measures quick reference guide. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from https://healthit.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/health-it-evaluation-toolkit-and-evaluation-measures-quick-reference

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.b). Workflow assessment for health IT toolkit. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from https://healthit.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/workflow-assessment-health-it-toolkit

Required Media

Louis, I. (2011, August 17). Systems development life cycle (SDLC) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xtpyjPrpyX8

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Interoperability, Standards, and Security [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

 

The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation

The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation

The potential for information and communication technology application in nursing is limitless. The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is an iterative process or a series of actions used for planning and implementing change within an organization (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2018). According to McGonigle and Mastrian (2018), this conceptual model is particularity useful in project management and the development of new health information technologies (HIT) or systems. The purpose of this paper is to describe the role of a graduate-level nurse to guide their participation on the implementation team during the execution of a new nursing documentation system. Additionally, this paper will clearly define how this individual will participate in and impact each of the five steps in the SDLC which are as follows; planning, analysis, design, implementation, and post-implementation support (Laureate Education, 2018).

It is important for the nurse manager to consider both the benefits and challenges associated with involving a nurse leader on an implementation team for HIT to ensure that the new system will be usable and acceptable for the nurses impacted. Nurse leaders can be instrumental in facilitating the SDLC for informatics in health care, as their role includes synthesizing knowledge of how technology can enhance the quality of care (McKay & Vanaskie, 2018).

Role Description

Planning.
The planning stage, the first and most critical of the SDLC stages, provides direction to the entire project that will ultimately affect the outcomes of successive stages (Rehani, n.d.). In this stage, the role of the graduate-level nurse collaborates with the interdisciplinary team members to accomplish the following tasks; define the scope and problems, explore and select potential solutions, assimilate required resources, determine a project schedule and timeline, and launch the project (Rehani, n.d.). Clinical knowledge of the workflow and processes, in conjunction with critical thinking skills, allows nurses to help identify objectives, establish project goals, and set realistic expectations (Rehani, n.d.). Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay. Nurse involvement in this stage is necessary to provide a clinical nursing perspective to assist in the development of safe and effective systems (Rehani, n.d.).

Analysis.
During the analysis phase, the role of the nurse is to help prioritize project requirements, generate and evaluate possible alternatives, and make recommendations for management (Weckman & Janzen, 2009). As stated by Thomas, Seifert, and Joyner (2016), failure to complete these tasks efficiently and meet organizational and user needs could result in project delays, data loss, errors, and breakdown of communication processes. According to Rojas and Seckman (2014), an internal part of the analysis process includes analyzing the workflow processes, communication, and decision-making tools. Another important component of the analysis stage is to analyze technical requirements and additional demands such as hardware, software, staffing and space needs (Rehani, n.d.). Nurse involvement in this stage is also imperative to review relevant organizational policies and changes required to accommodate new work processes and new technology (Dennis, Wixom, & Roth, 2015) Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay.

Design.
The nurse plays a vital role in the design phase, which is a critical part in the SDLC. It ensures that the software’s overall configuration is defined properly and determines the architecture and operation of the system with regard to the following; processes, hardware, software, networking, data retrieval, archiving and use, and user interface (Rehani, n.d.). Nurses play an integral role in reinforcing the primary purpose of the system, to improve patient safety (Rehani, n.d.). The nurse will assist in customizing the system to provide clinical decision support to accommodate practices in different specialties (Rehani, n.d.). Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay.

Implementation.
In the implementation stage, the nurse works closely with the team to further customize, test, and install the system (Rehani, n.d.). The role of the nurse in this phase is critical because it involves staff training, system maintenance, and evaluation of outcomes (Rehani, n.d.). The nurse is also responsible for ensuring two-way communication between the staff and management to solicit feedback that may be useful when redesigning the system for better outcomes (Rehani, n.d.). According to Rehani (n.d.), “the feedback received from users is critical to the adaptive process of SDLC for customization and optimization of HIT.” Making safety rounds to identify workflow and system issues have been found to be an effective strategy the nurse can engage it (Rehani, n.d.).

Post-implementation Support.
In this phase, the nurse is involved in providing continual support and adequate training, including understanding of the technology and its implications, to ensure there is acceptance and compliance of the new system by the staff (Rehani, n.d.). This will also help increase satisfaction and adherence to the best practices (Rehani, n.d.). Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay. As a result, it will minimize any potential negative effects caused by technical failures (Rehani, n.d.). Nurse involvement in this stage is important to identify flaws, thus reinforcing the need for constant upgrade and maintenance of databases (Rehani, n.d.).

Conclusion

In conclusion, nurse leaders are valuable members of the implementation team and play a key role in facilitating the SDLC for informatics in health care; their role includes synthesizing knowledge of how technology can enhance the quality of care (McKay & Vanaskie, 2018).

It is imperative that nurses maximize this opportunity to collaborate with technologists and informaticists to create efficient and effective programs that have a positive impact on patient care and population management (Blahna, 2015). Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay

References

Blahna, B. L. (2015). How nurses can collaborate with EHR design.
Nursing, 45
(12), 25-26. doi:10.1097/01.NURSE.0000473404.97294.02

Darvish, A., Bahramnezhad, F., Keyhanian, S., & Navidhamidi, M. (2014). The role of nursing informatics on promoting quality of health care and the need for appropriate education.
Global Journal of Health Science, 6
(6), 11–18. doi:10.5539/gjhs.v6n6p11

Dennis, A., Wixom, B. H., & Roth, R. M. (2015).
Systems analysis and design
(6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Managing Health Information Technology [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author. Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay.

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2018).
Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge
(4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.

McKay, C., & Vanaskie, K. (2018). Partnering for success: The role of the nurse leader in Health information technology implementation for coordination of care.
Nurse Leader, 16
(6), 385–388. Retrieved from
https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2018.07.012

Rehani, N. (n.d.).
Using SDLC methodology to implement HIT.
[PDF file]. Retrieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7fbd/35017b7085209694cd56373e8eab62b84b2a.pdf

Rojas, C., & Seckman, C. (2014). The informatics nurse specialist role in electronic health record usability evaluation.
Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 32
(5), 221–222. doi: 10.1097/CIN.0000000000000042

Thomas, T. W., Seifert, P. C., & Joyner, J. C. (2016). Registered nurses leading innovative changes.
The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 21
(3). doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol21No03Man03

Weckman, H., Janzen, S. (2009). The critical nature of early nursing involvement for introducing new technologies.
The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 14
(2), 1-13.  doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol14No02Man02 Portfolio Assignment: The Role of the Nurse Informaticist in Systems Development and Implementation Sample Essay

NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays

NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health Week 1 Discussion

NURS 4115 Week 1 Discussion

In this week’s media presentation, Dr. Louise Fitzpatrick shared how health and disease are global issues. She pointed out that with the mobility of today’s population, health issues experienced in one area of the world are easily brought to other areas of the world through such means as travel and immigration. They can also be brought to a nation’s doorstep through the migration of animals, insects, and birds. Consider the spread of infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, avian flu, H1N1, or SARS. These diseases have quickly crossed oceans and spread to multiple countries. They are a public health concern in the United States as well as other countries.

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To prepare for this Discussion:

Reflect on Dr. Mancuso’s comments in this week’s media presentation; specifically, on the role of the BSN nurse in public and global health.

Select one health problem that you will use as a basis of comparison between countries.

Identify one developed and one developing country NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

Compare and contrast the health problems and countries you selected with the United States in terms of World Health Organization (WHO) outcomes. In your analysis, be sure to include information about workforce availability to deal with the country’s disease burden.

Based on your examination of the research, how well is the United States performing in terms of public health as compared to the developed and developing countries you selected?

Think about what countries with worse outcomes could learn from countries with better outcomes.

Think about why nurses should be concerned with global health issues and what the role of the nurse should be in public health. NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

By Day 3

Post your analysis of one health problem between one developed and one developing country in comparison with the United States in terms of the WHO outcomes and criteria listed above. State your opinion about how well the United States is doing in terms of public health. Share what you think countries with worse outcomes could learn from countries with better outcomes. Explain the nurse’s role in public and global health and why nurses should be concerned with global health issues. Conclude by summarizing your view of the role of the nurse in public health.

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature.

NURS 4115 Week 2 Discussion Task

Nurses Working to Improve the Socioeconomic Status of Impoverished Citizens Through Government Actions

The influence of poverty on health is a problem that transcends national borders. This week’s readings discussed some of the political, economic, and ethical issues that lead to health disparities in developed and developing countries. In addition, in this week’s first media presentation, Dr. Mancuso and Dr. Huijer shared insights on working within political systems to bring about positive changes in health care. Think about the importance of nurses in addressing these needs and in bringing about change NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

To prepare for this Discussion:

Review the case study “Improving the Health of the Poor in Mexico.” Then, prepare your response to the following questions:

How do politics and economics influence health and health care?

What might the benefits be of awarding the mothers cash grants?

What social problems might be created by giving the mothers cash grants?

Do you think the resources were ethically distributed? (Think about stereotyping.)

What changes do you think should be made to the program, if any?

If the program were to be discontinued for any reason, what could you, as a nurse, say that might help to maintain funding?

Do you think a similar program might work in your community? Why or why not?

By Day 3

Post your response to the following prompts:

Explain how politics and economics may influence health and the health care system from your own perspective. Analyze whether the political and/or economic systems play a major role in your or your family’s access to health and explain why. Then, describe how government intervention might benefit a health care system. Be specific and provide examples.

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature.

Note Initial Post: A 3-paragraph (at least 350 words) response. Be sure to use evidence from the readings and include in-text citations. Utilize essay-level writing practice and skills, including the use of transitional material and organizational frames. Avoid quotes; paraphrase to incorporate evidence into your own writing. A reference list is required. Use the most current evidence (usually ? 5 years old). NURS 4115 Week 2 Discussion Task

 

NURS 4115

Week 2 Discussion

To prepare for this Discussion:

Review the case study “Improving the Health of the Poor in Mexico.” Then, prepare your response to the following questions:

How do politics and economics influence health and health care?

What might the benefits be of awarding the mothers cash grants?

What social problems might be created by giving the mothers cash grants?

Do you think the resources were ethically distributed? (Think about stereotyping.)

What changes do you think should be made to the program, if any?

If the program were to be discontinued for any reason, what could you, as a nurse, say that might help to maintain funding?

Do you think a similar program might work in your community? Why or why not?

By Day 3

Post 
your response to the following prompts:

Explain how politics and economics may influence health and the health care system from your own perspective. Analyze whether the political and/or economic systems play a major role in your or your family’s access to health and explain why. Then, describe how government intervention might benefit a health care system. Be specific and provide examples.

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature.

 

1. Explained how politics and economics influence health and healthcare.

In the United States, politics and economics play a significant role in health and healthcare. The largest healthcare program in the United States since the 1960s is Medicare and Medicaid, which are funded via payroll taxes (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2014). The government has regulations in place for determining who can have access healthcare in this country. Medicare, which is regulated by the federal government, provides health insurance for Americans aged 65 and older regardless of income or medical history (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2014). Some younger individuals also may qualify that have disabilities that receive Social Security Disability Insurance (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2014). Therefore, politics do influence health and healthcare in this country since the government has the power to regulate and set special requirements for use.

 

Analyzed possible benefits and problems that might be generated by giving the mothers the cash grants.

 

For the reading by Levine (2007, pp. 65-72) possible benefits for giving the mothers the cash grant include helping to increase the families’ income, thereby providing them with food and other necessary resources. The cash grants helped to increase school enrollment and attendance by giving the families money to access preventative care for immunizations to prevent illnesses, basic health care services, and nutrition counseling (Levine, 2007, pp. 65-72). Possible problems that may arise from giving the cash grants could be that once so many people have money to access healthcare, that there may not be enough medical providers to care for those in need. The healthcare system may not be prepared for the increasing number of individuals who now have the financial means to receive care. Therefore, it may not be enough “supply” to meet the increased “demand” for healthcare services.

 

Analyzed possible ethical dilemmas when promoting health for a select population using cash grants such as equal distribution within the population, possible social problems, or continuation of the program.

 

Possible dilemmas that could be created by this program could be that the community-at-large may want to have input on how the money is spent by the mothers receiving the grants. People may also feel that singling out the poor is unethical as well. When I think of the cash grants it sort of reminds my of the food stamp welfare program, as only certain people qualify and the money can only be spent on certain items. The food stamps can only be spent for cold food items but many people want more restrictions on how the government assistance should be spent, as well as more restrictions on who qualifies for services. I feel that the cash grants could also create the same issues due to people wanting to ensure that the money is being spent appropriately and being provided to those with the greatest need.

 

Recommended approaches to assure continuation of the program if funding were threatened.

 

If the program funding were to be threatened, I would show statistical evidence on how the program works. As the article mentioned, that many rural children dropped out of school by the 6
th
or 9
th
grades, that there were high incidence of preventable childhood and adult illnesses, high infant mortality, and poor reproductive outcomes (Levine, 2007, pp. 65-72). The cash grant program has helped to improve school attendance and enrollment, as well as improving child and adult health, reduce illnesses, and improve nutritional health (Levine, 2007, pp. 65-72).

 

Determine whether a similar program might work in the community the student lives in.

 

I currently do not live in the typical community that may need a program of this sort but I grew up in a single parent home in a poor neighborhood. A program of this type may have benefited the community I grew up in, and may have even helped my mom who was a single parent. I do believe that the program would need regulations for who would qualify and regulations set on how the money can be spent to ensure the money is not being misused.

 

References

 

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2014). Medicare program- General information.

Retrieved January 18, 2018, from https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-General-Information/MedicareGenInfo/index.html

Levine, R. (2007). Improving the Health of the Poor in Mexico. In
Case studies in global

 

health: Millions saved
. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett.

 

NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health Week 3 Discussion

Preventing Disease in Communities: The Role of Public Health, the Silent Sentinel

Week 3 Discussion-Preventing Disease in Communities

In this Discussion, you will visit a site and interview people who work there about risks for disease transmission, then report on your findings. NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

To prepare, select which site you will visit from the following options:

High school nurse’s office

Water treatment plant

Public health department

Pediatrician’s office

Create a brief description of your setting, providing some context; for example, how many patients are seen, size or capacity of the facility as applicable, and/or the location of the office or organization.

Take pictures of the building and surrounding area/neighborhood to provide context. You do not have to include the interior/s of the building/s or people/clients who may be there.

Then, during your site visit, pose the questions listed in the following chart:

High school nurse

What is the school’s policy on giving students advice about birth control?

How often do you get requests for information about birth control or how to protect oneself from an STD?

How do you track vaccination compliance, and what happens to students who fall out of compliance?

Local water treatment plant

Where does your community’s water come from? NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays

Where is it stored?

How often is it tested for purity?

What safeguards are in place to prevent tampering with the water supply?

Local public health department

Does this department have an STD clinic?

In addition to testing, does the department offer treatment of one party or both parties?

What is the most frequently diagnosed STD?

A pediatrician’s office

What is your policy on accepting patients who refuse vaccinations?

What are the most common reasons parents decline vaccinations for their children in this particular office?

What is the policy at this office for giving antibiotics to treat viral syndromes?

Now, look at the site you visited through the eyes of the public health nurse (PHN). Imagine you are the PHN and have been asked to investigate an outbreak at this facility NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

What questions would you ask?

What suggestions could you make to avoid a disease outbreak at the facility?

What would your role as a change agent be for any deficiencies you find in your on-site inspection?

Our “world” starts with our own community, county, and state, then moves out in concentric rings from that point to include our country and eventually the world. Disease is transmitted from person to person through direct contact, or from a source such as a vector or contaminated water through a variety of means, such as flood waters or even terrorist actions. Individuals with limited or no knowledge of safe sex methods may have unprotected sexual relations and knowingly or unknowingly transmit disease to their partners, then to their partners’ partners, and on and on. Often it is the role of the public health nurse to investigate a disease outbreak, contain it, and then educate others so that the same situation doesn’t happen again.

By Day 3

Post your brief description and pictures of the site you visited. Share the answers you were given to the questions you posed. Then, respond to the above prompts through the eyes of a PHN asked to investigate an outbreak at this facility.

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature. Week 3 Discussion-Preventing Disease in Communities NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays

Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health Week 4 Discussion

Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

In general, the CDC (2016) has recommended that people wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants when outside and apply insect repellant beforehand to avoid getting bitten. People who possibly have been infected with the Zika virus are urged to use a condom during sexual contact to avoid spreading the virus to others. In fact, some countries, such as El Salvador, have recommended that women avoid pregnancy for the next two years (The New York Times, 1/25/16). The CDC has also recommended that any vessels or containers of open water be protected from access to mosquitoes so that breeding cycles are disrupted. NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays. Brazil has begun a massive campaign to stop mosquitoes from accessing breeding grounds by closing their access to water collection systems and other sources of standing or still water. Could something like the Zika virus begin in your neighborhood?

 

In this Discussion, you will examine your neighborhood through the eyes of the public health nurse or a nurse epidemiologist.

To prepare for this Discussion:

Walk around a two-block radius near where you live or work.

Look to see if you can spot any areas where mosquitoes may reproduce. These sites may include abandoned tires, rainwater collection systems that have been installed at homes, parks or golf courses, low sections at roadsides or near sidewalks, and the like. You may include pictures of sites that you find to enhance your discussion thread.

Note any positive or negative findings that you observe. Have steps been taken to prevent mosquito breeding?

Find out what your community health department does for mosquito abatement NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

Discover who in your community you would contact to report deficiencies/negative findings.

Determine what you can do, as a PHN, to change policy to reduce mosquito breeding grounds in your neighborhood.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2016), a vaccination has not been found to prevent the Zika virus, a disease that has been transmitted to humans through mosquito bites from mosquitoes that are most active during the day. Zika has been found in many countries around the globe, and its range is expanding. The symptoms of Zika are generally mild, last about a week, and include fever, rash, joint pain, and/or conjunctivitis. Symptoms are generally so mild that many victims will not know they have been infected, but about 20% of those individuals who are bitten will develop Zika. The most concerning symptom of Zika affects pregnant women, whose babies may develop microcephaly. Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

By Day 3

Post your findings regarding mosquito breeding grounds in a two-block radius near where you live or work. Include any preventative strategies you can see that are already in place. Report on the role your local health department plays in mosquito abatement and to whom you would report negative findings. Then, describe your role as a BSN in changing policy to ensure a healthier climate (reduced mosquito breeding grounds) in your neighborhood NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature. Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

 

NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health 
Week 5 Discussion

Cultural Considerations in Nursing

Week 5 Discussion-Cultural Considerations in Nursing

Many factors influence maternal health. In many countries, an unacceptable number of women die in childbirth or shortly after giving birth. As discussed by Dr. Leslie Mancuso in this week’s first media presentation, culture and religious beliefs influence childbirth practices.

To prepare for this Discussion:

Review Case 6, “Saving Mothers’ Lives in Sri Lanka.”

Review Dr. Mancuso’s comments on cultural beliefs that influence maternal health.

In addition, consider the following questions:

NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health 
Week 5 Discussion-
What cultural and historical features of Sri Lanka contributed to the success of the country’s maternal health program?

What are some assumptions that a person might make about you based on your appearance or cultural background? All cultural diversity is not about ethnicity, religious affiliation, or traditional backgrounds. When you consider what cultural issues affect you and/or your community, think about whether you represent diversity of another kind, such as; rural versus urban, east coast versus west coast, employed in a small hospital versus a large research center, or providing nursing practice to young versus elderly, acute care versus clinic care or mental health care. Each of these “types” of diversity contribute to you as a person and how you practice nursing NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

What cultural information would you want a nurse or doctor to know about you?

What would you want a health promotion program to include that addresses a health concern for your cultural or ethnic community?

By Day 3

Post your response to the following prompts:

After considering the different aspects of cultural beliefs and practices, explain how culture influences health beliefs and how might most health programs address these beliefs? Describe how you would apply this to care you receive and care you provide to others.

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature NURS 4115 weekly discussion essays.

NURS 4115 Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health Week 4 Discussion

Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

In general, the CDC (2016) has recommended that people wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants when outside and apply insect repellant beforehand to avoid getting bitten. People who possibly have been infected with the Zika virus are urged to use a condom during sexual contact to avoid spreading the virus to others. In fact, some countries, such as El Salvador, have recommended that women avoid pregnancy for the next two years (The New York Times, 1/25/16) NURS 4115 Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home. The CDC has also recommended that any vessels or containers of open water be protected from access to mosquitoes so that breeding cycles are disrupted. Brazil has begun a massive campaign to stop mosquitoes from accessing breeding grounds by closing their access to water collection systems and other sources of standing or still water. Could something like the Zika virus begin in your neighborhood?

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In this Discussion, you will examine your neighborhood through the eyes of the public health nurse or a nurse epidemiologist. NURS 4115 Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home.

To prepare for this Discussion:

Walk around a two-block radius near where you live or work.

Look to see if you can spot any areas where mosquitoes may reproduce. These sites may include abandoned tires, rainwater collection systems that have been installed at homes, parks or golf courses, low sections at roadsides or near sidewalks, and the like. You may include pictures of sites that you find to enhance your discussion thread.

Note any positive or negative findings that you observe. Have steps been taken to prevent mosquito breeding?

Find out what your community health department does for mosquito abatement.

Discover who in your community you would contact to report deficiencies/negative findings.

Determine what you can do, as a PHN, to change policy to reduce mosquito breeding grounds in your neighborhood. NURS 4115 Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2016), a vaccination has not been found to prevent the Zika virus, a disease that has been transmitted to humans through mosquito bites from mosquitoes that are most active during the day. Zika has been found in many countries around the globe, and its range is expanding. The symptoms of Zika are generally mild, last about a week, and include fever, rash, joint pain, and/or conjunctivitis. Symptoms are generally so mild that many victims will not know they have been infected, but about 20% of those individuals who are bitten will develop Zika. The most concerning symptom of Zika affects pregnant women, whose babies may develop microcephaly. Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home NURS 4115 Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

By Day 3

Post your findings regarding mosquito breeding grounds in a two-block radius near where you live or work. Include any preventative strategies you can see that are already in place. Report on the role your local health department plays in mosquito abatement and to whom you would report negative findings. Then, describe your role as a BSN in changing policy to ensure a healthier climate (reduced mosquito breeding grounds) in your neighborhood.

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature. Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home NURS 4115 Week 4 Discussion-Nurses Working to Prevent Disease at Home

Cultural Considerations in Nursing Essay – NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health Week 5 Discussion

NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health 
Week 5 Discussion

Cultural Considerations in Nursing

Week 5 Discussion-Cultural Considerations in Nursing

Many factors influence maternal health. In many countries, an unacceptable number of women die in childbirth or shortly after giving birth. As discussed by Dr. Leslie Mancuso in this week’s first media presentation, culture and religious beliefs influence childbirth practices. Cultural Considerations in Nursing Essay – NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health Week 5 Discussion.

To prepare for this Discussion:

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Review Case 6, “Saving Mothers’ Lives in Sri Lanka.”

Review Dr. Mancuso’s comments on cultural beliefs that influence maternal health.

In addition, consider the following questions:

NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health 
Week 5 Discussion-
What cultural and historical features of Sri Lanka contributed to the success of the country’s maternal health program?

What are some assumptions that a person might make about you based on your appearance or cultural background? All cultural diversity is not about ethnicity, religious affiliation, or traditional backgrounds. When you consider what cultural issues affect you and/or your community, think about whether you represent diversity of another kind, such as; rural versus urban, east coast versus west coast, employed in a small hospital versus a large research center, or providing nursing practice to young versus elderly, acute care versus clinic care or mental health care. Each of these “types” of diversity contribute to you as a person and how you practice nursing. Cultural Considerations in Nursing Essay – NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health Week 5 Discussion

What cultural information would you want a nurse or doctor to know about you?

What would you want a health promotion program to include that addresses a health concern for your cultural or ethnic community?

By Day 3

Post your response to the following prompts:

After considering the different aspects of cultural beliefs and practices, explain how culture influences health beliefs and how might most health programs address these beliefs? Describe how you would apply this to care you receive and care you provide to others.

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature. Cultural Considerations in Nursing Essay – NURS 4115 Role of the Nurse in Public and Global Health Week 5 Discussion.

700 Week 5 Discussion Nursing theory perspectives and values essay

This week’s content introduced essential components that contribute to the development of empiric knowledge in the nursing discipline. This week also addressed how we go beyond words and create meaning. Using the assigned readings and your professional experience as a starting point, answer the following:

1. In chapter 7 Chinn and Kramer (Knowledge Development in Nursing: Theory and Process 9th edition) provide four definitions from the nursing literature that emphasize different perspectives and different underlying values that involve nursing theory (pg 156) Nursing theory perspectives and values essay. Add to this list by identifying an additional definition from the nursing literature that expands your understanding of the definition of theory. In your response provide a direct quote from the source, and then paraphrase the direct quote into your own words.

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2. Identify a word that has a common meaning when used in the context of nursing (e.g., hypothermia). After you identify the word, explain how everyday direct and indirect experiences shape perceptions (create meaning) of what the word means to the discipline Nursing theory perspectives and values essay.

Nursing theory must provide basic principles that underpin nursing practice and help in advancing knowledge and research. In clinical practice, nursing theory is practiced at two main levels namely: situation-specific and general levels. In situation-specific levels, theories provide theoretical rationales that guide nursing actions in clinical settings. In general levels, nursing theories promote dedication and orientation to nursing philosophies and perspectives for integration in all aspects of nursing practice. From nursing literature, the definitions which emphasized the various perspectives and values that underlie nursing theory are as follows:

It is a reasonably interlinked set of confirmed hypotheses

This description reveals nursing theory as a specific form of expression that is guided by reasonable rules which need the testing and confirmation of hypotheses using scientific and empiric research methods.

ü  It is a conceptual framework whose invention aims at addressing a specific purpose

This definition emphasizes the aims of creating a theory and reveals the essence of a theory having a purpose.

A creative grouping of knowledge, ideas, and experiences with symbolic representation that strives to explain a particular phenomenon

This definition reveals that a theory should promote understanding of a given phenomenon which can or cannot be directly applied in clinical practice Nursing theory perspectives and values essay

Collection of logical and conceptual principles which act as a central point of reference for an inquiry

Although this definition fails to address a specific purpose for nursing theory or suggest a particular method for theory development

Another definition of theory from nursing literature that expands my understanding is:
theory is an innovative and thorough structuring of ideas which illuminate a purposeful, tentative and systematic view of a phenomenon
(Marañón & Pera, 2015).
 
This definition means that theory cannot be objective to reveal what should be observed. Therefore, it is based on assumptions, ideas, personal judgment and value choices of a theorist to explain specific possibilities and perceptions. Nursing theory perspectives and values essay.

A word with a common meaning when used in the nursing context is caring. In a nursing context, it refers to an act of empathy, concern, and kindness to other people (Norman, Rossillo & Skelton, 2016). It can also mean looking after a person who needs assistance to achieve individual goals or maintain health status. From a sociological context, caring is defined as an act of compassion.

References

Chinn, P. L., & Kramer, M. K. (2014). 
Knowledge Development in Nursing-E-Book: Theory and Process
. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Marañón, A. A., & Pera, M. P. I. (2015). Theory and practice in the construction of professional identity in nursing students: A qualitative study. 
Nurse Education Today
, 
35
(7), 859-863.

Norman, V., Rossillo, K., & Skelton, K. (2016). Creating healing environments through the theory of caring. 
AORN Journal
, 
104
(5), 401-409. Nursing theory perspectives and values essay

Personal and aesthetic knowledge development essay

The focus of this week was uncovering how we develop personal knowledge, and the importance of asking critical questions that underpin meaning and significance. Using the assigned readings and your professional experience as a starting point, answer the following:

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1. Compare and contrast the main attributes of personal and aesthetic knowledge development. In your response describe how both types of knowledge development are important for making advancements in nursing practice.

2. Identify how personal knowledge leads to personal shifts in aesthetic knowing. In your response discuss how asking the critical questions, “What does this mean?” and “How is it significant?” can be used to cultivate aesthetic knowing. Personal and aesthetic knowledge development essay.

Personal knowledge describes the knowledge that we own from self-actualization, reflection, experiences or observations while aesthetic knowledge refers to the perception of the patient with regard to the patient and their needs (Haase et al., 2018). Aesthetic knowledge is characterized by the understanding of sound, taste, smell, look and feel of things by the practitioners which supports questioning and opening up (Leight, 2002). Personal knowing is significant in the establishment of authenticity and creation of therapeutic relationships that promote integrity of practice as well as the wholeness of the practitioner. On the other hand, aesthetic knowing is important in that it develops new understanding of phenomena which helps in the identification of the patients’ needs through new perspectives.

Personal knowledge leads to personal shifts in aesthetic knowing in several ways. For instance, through personal knowledge which offers personal understanding, the nurse is able to understand the patients’ needs through a reflection of their experiences. Additionally, personal knowledge creates a foundation of knowledge that helps in questioning the patient as well as promoting aesthetic reflexivity since it is the knowledge that nurses possess before studying nursing (Campbell et al., 2018) Personal and aesthetic knowledge development essay.

Aesthetic knowing involves the creation of new understanding of phenomenon which makes it an art in nursing. Asking questions encourages the development of new ideas and creations essential in understanding the patients and the patient’s needs. As such, critical questions like “What does this mean?” and “How is it significant?” can be used to cultivate aesthetic knowing. They help in opening up the nurses mind as they try to seek new solutions to problems. They also help determine the relevance of particular phenomenon in healthcare and how they can be used to improve the outcomes of the patient.

 

References

Campbell, T. D., Penz, K., Dietrich-Leurer, M., Juckes, K., & Rodger, K. (2018). Ways of Knowing as a Framework for Developing Reflective Practice among Nursing Students. 
International journal of nursing education scholarship
, 
15
(1).

Haase, K. R., Thomas, R. T., Gifford, W., & Holtslander, L. F. (2018). Ways of knowing on the Internet: A qualitative review of cancer websites from a critical nursing perspective. 
Nursing inquiry
, 
25
(3), e12230.

Leight, S. B. (2002). Starry night: Using story to inform aesthetic knowing in women’s health nursing. 
Journal of Advanced Nursing
, 
37
(1), 108-114. Personal and aesthetic knowledge development essay.

NURS 6051 Wk 3 Discussion: Interaction Between Nurse Informaticists and Other Specialists Essay

NURS 6051: Transforming Nursing and Healthcare Through Technology

 
Wk 3 Discussion:

Interaction Between Nurse Informaticists and Other Specialists

Nature offers many examples of specialization and collaboration. Ant colonies and bee hives are but two examples of nature’s sophisticated organizations. Each thrives because their members specialize by tasks, divide labor, and collaborate to ensure food, safety, and general well-being of the colony or hive.

Of course, humans don’t fare too badly in this regard either. And healthcare is a great example. As specialists in the collection, access, and application of data, nurse informaticists collaborate with specialists on a regular basis to ensure that appropriate data is available to make decisions and take actions to ensure the general well-being of patients NURS 6051 Wk 3 Discussion: Interaction Between Nurse Informaticists and Other Specialists Essay.

In this Discussion, you will reflect on your own observations of and/or experiences with informaticist collaboration. You will also propose strategies for how these collaborative experiences might be improved.

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To Prepare:

Review the Resources and reflect on the evolution of nursing informatics from a science to a nursing specialty.

Consider your experiences with nurse Informaticists or technology specialists within your healthcare organization.

Post a description of experiences or observations about how nurse informaticists and/or data or technology specialists interact with other professionals within your healthcare organization. Suggest at least one strategy on how these interactions might be improved. Be specific and provide examples. Then, explain the impact you believe the continued evolution of nursing informatics as a specialty and/or the continued emergence of new technologies might have on professional interactions.

Resources

Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Required Readings

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

 

Chapter 25, “The Art of Caring in Technology-Laden Environments” (pp. 525–535)

Chapter 26, “Nursing Informatics and the Foundation of Knowledge” (pp. 537–551)

American Nurses Association. (2018). Inclusion of recognized terminologies supporting nursing practice within electronic health records and other health information technology solutions. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/nursing-excellence/official-position-statements/id/Inclusion-of-Recognized-Terminologies-Supporting-Nursing-Practice-within-Electronic-Health-Records/

Glassman, K. S. (2017). Using data in nursing practice. American Nurse Today, 12(11), 45–47. Retrieved from https://www.americannursetoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ant11-Data-1030.pdf

Macieria, T. G. R., Smith, M. B., Davis, N., Yao, Y., Wilkie, D. J., Lopez, K. D., & Keenan, G. (2017). Evidence of progress in making nursing practice visible using standardized nursing data: A systematic review. AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings, 2017, 1205–1214. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977718/

Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. (2017). Standard nursing terminologies: A landscape analysis. Retrieved from https://www.healthit.gov/sites/default/files/snt_final_05302017.pdf

Rutherford, M. A. (2008). Standardized nursing language: What does it mean for nursing practice? Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13(1), 1–12. doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol13No01PPT05.

Thew, J. (2016, April 19). Big data means big potential, challenges for nurse execs. Retrieved from https://www.healthleadersmedia.com/nursing/big-data-means-big-potential-challenges-nurse-execs

Wang, Y. Kung, L., & Byrd, T. A. (2018). Big data analytics: Understanding its capabilities and potential benefits for healthcare organizations. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 126(1), 3–13. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2015.12.019. NURS 6051 Wk 3 Discussion: Interaction Between Nurse Informaticists and Other Specialists Essay

Nursing is one professional that cannot survive without collaborative approach. To ensure that there is better quality in service delivery, the nurses must work together with the nursing informatics and technology specialists to ensure a smooth flow in the service delivery (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2017).  Right from when the patient visits the health facility, they are first met by the receptionist who happens to be a medical record expert and they are the ones who directs the patient on where to head next after retrieving their details. The patient is then sent to the triage, which is the most important point for a patient as the assessment by a nurse will reveal several issues including the matter of urgency for the patient treatment. NURS 6051 Wk 3 Discussion: Interaction Between Nurse Informaticists and Other Specialists Essay.

Other issues such as blood pressure, BMI and sugar levels that are important before a patient sees the doctor are monitored within the triage. The results of the same may be indicated on the patient file or in case the system is automated; they will be wired directly to the doctor of the day. The doctor or the clinical officer on duty, then examines the patient and recommends on either medication, further test or ward admission. At this stage, the nurse may take over again in case of admission or wound dressing as per the doctor’s direction NURS 6051 Wk 3 Discussion: Interaction Between Nurse Informaticists and Other Specialists Essay. This is usually the routine taken by the patients on a daily basis and requires expertise collaboration between the nurse and other professionals in order to deliver services in the right manner.

On issues to do with strategy on how these interactions might be improved, technology comes in handy as its effective application may speed up the processes and eliminate the unnecessary delays that may add up costs, or contribute to even the worst cases of loss of life (Macieria et al. 2017). From the admission to the triage up to the doctor’s room, effective online transit of the patient information will eliminate delays and hence smooth delivery of services, patient and healthcare professional’s satisfaction, as well as cost reduction.

With the continued evolution of nursing informatics as a Specialty, the future of nursing seems brighter and most manual chores are eliminated and collaborative interactions are being enhanced, hence improved quality, more productivity and eventually cost reduction (Wang, Kung & Byrd, 2018). With advanced technology, the professional interaction is bound to enter a whole new level where the processes will be executed with minimal time and at the expected quality level hence the overall improvement in the service delivery within the health facilities. NURS 6051 Wk 3 Discussion: Interaction Between Nurse Informaticists and Other Specialists Essay.

 

References

Macieria, T. G. R., Smith, M. B., Davis, N., Yao, Y., Wilkie, D. J., Lopez, K. D., & Keenan, G.

(2017). Evidence of progress in making nursing practice visible using standardized nursing data: A systematic review. AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings, 2017, 1205–1214. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977718/

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge

(4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Wang, Y. Kung, L., & Byrd, T. A. (2018). Big data analytics: Understanding its capabilities and

potential benefits for healthcare organizations. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 126 (1), 3–13. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2015.12.019. NURS 6051 Wk 3 Discussion: Interaction Between Nurse Informaticists and Other Specialists Essay

Crohn’s Disease Evidence-Based Clinical Intervention SOAP note format essay

Your Evidence-Based Clinical Intervention should be submitted in a Microsoft Word document following APA style and should include the following:

**** CROHN’S DISEASE

The medical problem/diagnosis/disease.

Typical presenting signs and symptoms including:

Onset, Characteristics, Location, Radiation, Timing, Setting, Aggravating factors, Alleviating factors, Associated symptoms, Course since onset, Usual age group affected

Concomitant disease states associated with the diagnosis

The pathophysiology of the problem.

Three differential diagnoses and the usual presenting signs and symptoms in priority sequence with rationales.

Reference to at least two current journal articles that show evidence-based practice as how to best treat this disorder related to the primary differential.

The expected outcomes of the intervention.

Algorithms if available.

A typical clinical note in SOAP format.

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Subjective Data

Chief complain- abdominal pain

History of Presenting Illness
-C.K is a 40-year-old African American with Crohn’s disease. She presented to the emergency department with complaints of severe abdominal pains for two days, diarrhea, vomiting and nausea.  The abdominal pain was of sudden in onset, sharp in nature and radiated to all parts of the abdomen. On a scale of 0-10, she rated the pain 5/10. Crohn’s Disease Evidence-Based Clinical Intervention SOAP note format essay. The pain was accompanied with three episodes of diarrhea, nausea and four episodes of vomiting. C.K reported that for the fear of vomiting and diarrhea, she did not eat anything but only drank several glasses of water. The following day, the pain worsened to 9/10 and thus decided to come to the ER.

Medications-
mesalamine 500 mg QID and omacor 900 mg QID

Allergies-
None

Past Medical History- Diagnosed with Crohn’s disease in 2013

Past Surgical History-
none

Personal Socio-economic History
-Married lives with the husband her two children aged 11 and 14. All are in good health. Is a smoker for 30+pack years but does not take alcohol. She denied the use of any other illicit drugs and substances. Her diet generally comprises of small food carbohydrates and proteins but admits to not observing a healthy diet.

Immunization History-UpToDate

Family History- mother is deceased died due to complications from hypertension and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Has two sisters, one was diagnosed with hypertension. Father is alive and was diagnosed with schizophrenia.  The paternal grandmother died of leukemia.

Review of Systems

GIT-
denies jaundice, weight loss, anorexia, has nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain

CNS-
denies dizziness, vertigo, seizures, tremors and paresthesia

Respiratory-
denies wheezing and cough

Crohn’s Disease Evidence-Based Clinical Intervention SOAP note format essay

CVS-
denies chest pains, dyspnea, syncope, palpitations, edema, and PND

HEENT-denies loss of vision, blurred vision, diplopia, eye pain, eye discharge, ear discharge, ear pain, nosebleeds, dysphagia, voice hoarseness, and nasal discharge

Musculoskeletal-denies limb or joint pains, joint swelling, stiffness and muscle weakness

Immunologic-
denies exposure to HIV, urticarial and persistent infections

Endocrine-
denies heat and cold intolerance, polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia

Psychiatric-
denies anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, mental disturbance, paranoia, and hallucinations

Objective Data

General Exam-
middle-aged lady who is obese, alert and oriented in time, place and person

Vital Signs-pulse rate 80bpm, temp-36.5
0
c, respiratory rate-16cycles/min, O
2
Sat-97% on the RA, BP-120/81mmHg, pain score-9/10

Systemic Exam

GIT-
abdomen is soft, non-tender and not distended, no palpable masses has hyperactive bowel sounds on auscultation, has RUQ tenderness on palpation, no splenomegaly

CVS-
normal S1 and S2, no murmur or gallop rhythm, no palpitation, no edema, JV not distended.

Rectal-
no sores or lesions, guaiac positive stool on examining finger

HEENT-
normal conjunctiva, PEBRL, no exudates or hemorrhage, has a normal visual acuity, the ears are normal with no deformities, canals bilaterally clear, intact tympanic membranes, ho hearing loss, no fluid, normal septum and nasal mucosa, no nasal discharge, normal tongue, no exudates or erythema on posterior  pharynx, no masses on the neck, midline trachea, no enlargement.

Respiratory-lungs bilaterally clear on auscultation, normal respiratory effort

Skin-
no lesions, indurations or subcutaneous nodules

CNS-
oriented in time, place and person, memory intact, cranial nerves 11-XII intact, normal reflexes

Musculoskeletal-
deferred gait and posture due to pain, no bone or joint deformities, normal ROM  and strength of all joints, no joint tenderness

Assessment

Laboratory Diagnostic Tests:

Blood Chemistry

Na-136

K-2.9

Cl-103

C02-26

BUN-9

Cr-0.7

Gluc-90

Ca-9.7

Mg-1.3

PO4-2.2

Complete Blood Count

WBC-4.4

Hb- 10.8

Hct-32.8

Plts-311

Total Bili-0.2

AST-13

ALT-22

Alk Phos-87

GGT-52

Lipase-13

ESR-30mm/hr

Radiologic Tests

Abdominal X-ray-
there was several dilated loops of the small bowel with levels of distal gas and air-fluids. This potentially indicates thickening of the walls of the colon to suggest active colitis in a patient diagnosed with Crohn’s disease. There was no central effusion

CT scan of the Abdomen-there was thickening of the mucosa; terminal ileum was consistent with active Crohn’s disease, no fistulas, no bowel obstruction, no abscesses. Crohn’s Disease Evidence-Based Clinical Intervention SOAP note format essay.

Differential Diagnoses

Exacerbation of Crohn’s Disease-C.K presented with diffuse abdominal pain of sudden onset, accompanied by the symptoms of nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. High chances are that the chronic pain is from Crohn’s disease exacerbation since the use of prednisolone has helped to resolve her history, symptoms, laboratory and radiologic findings (Kalla et al., 2014).  Crohn’s disease has an unknown etiology and can affect any part of the GI tract. Although patients can at times be asymptomatic, in case of exacerbations, patients present with the complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, fever and possible weight loss. The patient’s abdominal imaging also detected an active form of the disease thus the most likely diagnosis.

Obstruction of the Small Bowel-
is also a potential differential since it happens following blockage of the GI contents. A patient presents with complaints of constipation, abdominal pain, reduced appetite, vomiting and nausea following distension of the abdomen and fullness (Paulson & Thompson, 2015). On the contrary, C.K was able to pass stool in this case and never experienced any form of abdominal distension or constipation.  Besides, the likelihood of obstruction of the small bowel to present with guaiac positive stool on examining finger is very minimal. Although the small bowel had dilated loops as revealed by the abdominal x-ray which also occurs in obstruction of the small bowel, the abdominal CT scan was clear that this was thickening of the ileum mucosa, highly suggestive of Crohn’s disease.

Acute Ischemia of the Mesenteric-ischemia of the mesenteric artery happens when there is reduced blood flow following a vasospasm or occlusion that causes hypoperfusion. Patients usually present with severe abdominal pain of rapid onset that is localized in the peri-umbilical region, vomiting, and nausea (Clair & Beach, 2016).  Its risk factors include a hypercoagulability state or obstruction of the small bowel. However, C.K is less likely to have acute mesenteric ischemia since her vital signs were within normal range and her abdominal pain was of sudden onset and localized in the RUQ. Crohn’s Disease Evidence-Based Clinical Intervention SOAP note format essay.

Plan

Immediate Intervention- Starting IV fluids: phenegram12.5mg with 10mls Normal Saline, fentanyl 40mcg to prevent nausea, vomiting, and rehydration (Torres et al., 2017).

Pharmacotherapy- prednisone 60mg for two weeks, the patient will be required to slowly taper the dosage by 10mg every two weeks. The patient will, however, continue with her omega-3 supplements and other drugs for Crohn’s disease (Lichtenstein et al., 2018).

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention-The patient will have to observe a specific diet to prevent exacerbations and help in symptoms alleviation. In this case, the most recommended dietary changes include: avoiding carbonated drinks and foods rich in fiber. Crohn’s Disease Evidence-Based Clinical Intervention SOAP note format essay.

References

Clair, D. G., & Beach, J. M. (2016). Mesenteric ischemia. 
New England Journal of Medicine
, 
374
(10), 959-968.

Kalla, R., Ventham, N. T., Satsangi, J., & Arnott, I. D. (2014). Crohn’s disease. 
Bmj
, 
349
, g6670.

Lichtenstein, G. R., Loftus, E. V., Isaacs, K. L., Regueiro, M. D., Gerson, L. B., & Sands, B. E. (2018). ACG clinical guideline: management of Crohn’s disease in adults. 
American Journal of Gastroenterology
, 
113
(4), 481-517.

Paulson, E. K., & Thompson, W. M. (2015). Review of small-bowel obstruction: the diagnosis and when to worry. 
Radiology
, 
275
(2), 332-342.

Torres, J., Mehandru, S., Colombel, J. F., & Peyrin-Biroulet, L. (2017). Crohn’s disease. 
The Lancet
, 
389
(10080), 1741-1755. Crohn’s Disease Evidence-Based Clinical Intervention SOAP note format essay

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project

Is there a difference between “common practice” and “best practice”?

When you first went to work for your current organization, experienced colleagues may have shared with you details about processes and procedures. Perhaps you even attended an orientation session to brief you on these matters. As a “rookie,” you likely kept the nature of your questions to those with answers that would best help you perform your new role.

Over time and with experience, perhaps you recognized aspects of these processes and procedures that you wanted to question further. This is the realm of clinical inquiry.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

Clinical inquiry is the practice of asking questions about clinical practice. To continuously improve patient care, all nurses should consistently use clinical inquiry to question why they are doing something the way they are doing it. Do they know why it is done this way, or is it just because we have always done it this way? Is it a common practice or a best practice?

In this Assignment, you will identify clinical areas of interest and inquiry and practice searching for research in support of maintaining or changing these practices. You will also analyze this research to compare research methodologies employed.

To Prepare:

Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry.

Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least four different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest.

Review the results of your peer-reviewed research and reflect on the process of using an unfiltered database to search for peer-reviewed research.

Reflect on the types of research methodologies contained in the four relevant peer-reviewed articles you selected.

Part 1: An Introduction to Clinical Inquiry

Create a 4- to 5-slide PowerPoint presentation in which you do the following:

Identify and briefly describe your chosen clinical issue of interest.

Describe how you used keywords to search on your chosen clinical issue of interest.

Identify the four research databases that you used to conduct your search for the peer-reviewed articles you selected.

Provide APA citations of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected.

Part 2: Identifying Research Methodologies

After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles. Your analysis should include the following:

The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format.

A brief (1-paragraph) statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest.

A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article.

A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.

A brief (1- to 2-paragraph) description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected.

References

Halm, M., & Sandau, K. (2018). Skin Impact of Alcohol-Based Hand Rubs Vs Handwashing. 
American Journal of Critical Care
, 
27
(4), 334–337. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.4037/ajcc2018727

Munoz-Figueroa, G. P., & Ojo, O. (2018). The effectiveness of alcohol-based gel for hand sanitising in infection control. 
British Journal of Nursing
, 
27
(7), 382–388.
https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.12968/bjon.2018.27.7.382

Lim, K., Kilpatrick, C., Storr, J., & Seale, H. (2018). Exploring the use of entertainment-education YouTube videos focused on infection prevention and control. 
American Journal of Infection Control
, 
46
(11), 1218–1223.
https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.05.002

Grayson, M. L., Stewardson, A. J., Russo, P. L., Ryan, K. E., Olsen, K. L., Havers, S. M., … Cruickshank, M. (2018). Effects of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative after 8 years on infection control practices, health-care worker education, and clinical outcomes: a longitudinal study. 
Lancet Infectious Diseases
, 
18
(11), 1269–1277.
https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30491-2

Loftus, R. W., Dexter, F., & Robinson, A. D. M. (2018). High-risk Staphylococcus aureus transmission in the operating room: A call for widespread improvements in perioperative hand hygiene and patient decolonization practices. 
American Journal of Infection Control
, 
46
(10), 1134–1141. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.04.211

 

Part 1: An Introduction to Clinical Inquiry

Evidence-Based Practice

Theory

Student’s Name

Institution Of Affiliation

Course Name

Date

Introduction

üThe integration of EBP in nursing practice has helped to promote patient safety and health outcomes

üEBP supports clinical decision making with evidence

üIt is the most preferred  approach to  managing patient and clinical outcomes

üWhen correctly applied in every stage, both patients and healthcare providers understand a condition

üEBP integrates a patient’s preferences, values and beliefs with the best available scientific evidence and clinician’s expertise in decision making.

Evidence-based practice is an intense process which integrates a patient’s preferences, clinical expertise and scientific evidence in clinical decision making when providing care. It has greatly contributed to improvements in patient’s safety and health outcomes based on scientific and clinical evidence. Its use in nursing practice has also improved the understanding of both patients and healthcare providers on specific conditions. This EBP project aims at comparing the effectiveness of various disinfection procedures used in infection control in heathcare settings.

 

Clinical Issue

üHospital Acquired Infections are a major issue of public health concern in the US and across the globe

üApproximately 2million HAIs and up to 100,000 associated deaths happen annually in the US

üPoor hand hygiene during patient care is the major cause of HAIs

üPreventing against HAIs requires improvement in hand hygiene practices

Hospital Acquired Infections are a major public health concern in the United States and across the globe. Their occurrence has been associated with poor hand hygiene practices in routine patient care. According to the statistics provided by the World Health Organization, up to 100, 000 deaths and 2 million cases every year are associated with HAIs. However, majority of these cases can be prevented through hand hygiene practices. This calls for the implementation of better infection control strategies and education to the public, healthcare providers and everyone at high risk of infection.

 

Search Methodology

üThe articles were searched for in online scientific databases

ü The search keywords were: infection control, hand hygiene, hand washing, alcohol-based hand rub and hospital acquired infection

üThe search included articles published within the last 5 years,

üGeneral search yielded  twelve  articles but only five met the inclusion criteria

Extensive searches in online scientific databases of CINAHL, PubMed, Medline and EBSCOHost. The searched used keywords such as infection control, hand hygiene, hand washing, alcohol-based hand rub and hospital acquired infection (HAI).  Although thousands of results were found, an inclusion criterion was used to narrow down the search. Therefore, only articles published within the last five years were included and articles that were specific to the use of alcohol-based hand rub and hand washing.

 

Research Databases

üAn online search was conducted in the databases of CINAHL, PubMed, EBSCOHost and Medline

üMedline was freely accessible over the internet and the use of Medical Subject Headings promoted retrieval of data

üThe EBSCOHost database promoted the ability to access internal and external information from a single search box

üPubMed was easy to use since it automatically translated an initial search using Boolean operators to search results

üCINAHL was fast and provided broad content to full-text top nursing journals

An online electronic search was done in the following scientific databases: CINAHL, PubMed, EBSCOHost and Medline.  Medline could easily be accessed over the internet and its procedure to use Medical Subject Headings promoted fast retrieval of data. EBSCOHost database enhanced easier access to internal and external information from a single search box.  PubMed was easy to use as it automatically translated an initial search using Boolean operators to search results. The CINAHL database was also was fast but somewhat challenging to work with although it provided top broad content and full-text nursing journals. NURS 6052 wk 3 assignment Matrix Worksheet Template

 

References

üGrayson, M. L., Stewardson, A. J., Russo, P. L., Ryan, K. E., Olsen, K. L., Havers, S. M., … & National Hand Hygiene Initiative. (2018). Effects of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative after 8 years on infection control practices, health-care worker education, and clinical outcomes: a longitudinal study. 
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
, 
18
(11), 1269-1277.

üHalm, M., & Sandau, K. (2018). Skin Impact of Alcohol-Based Hand Rubs vs Handwashing. 
American Journal of Critical Care
, 
27
(4), 334-337.

üLoftus, R. W., Dexter, F., & Robinson, A. D. (2018). High-risk Staphylococcus aureus transmission in the operating room: a call for widespread improvements in perioperative hand hygiene and patient decolonization practices. 
American journal of infection control
, 
46
(10), 1134-1141 NURS 6052 wk 3 assignment Matrix Worksheet Template.

ü

References

üLim, K., Kilpatrick, C., Storr, J., & Seale, H. (2018). Exploring the use of entertainment-education YouTube videos focused on infection prevention and control. 
American journal of infection control
, 
46
(11), 1218-1223.

üMunoz-Figueroa, G. P., & Ojo, O. (2018). The effectiveness of alcohol-based gel for hand sanitising in infection control. 
British Journal of Nursing
, 
27
(7), 382-388.

 

Part 2: Identifying Research Methodologies – Analysis

Grayson, M. L., Stewardson, A. J., Russo, P. L., Ryan, K. E., Olsen, K. L., Havers, S. M.,  & National Hand Hygiene Initiative. (2018). Effects of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative after 8 years on infection control practices, health-care worker education, and clinical outcomes: a longitudinal study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 18(11), 1269-1277.

Relation To The Clinical Issue

This article similarly highlights how Healthcare-Associated infections hinder patient safety, increases mortality and morbidity rates prolong hospital stays and increases medical costs. The researchers further acknowledge compliance of hand hygiene among healthcare providers as a significant strategy to maintain patient safety especially with regards to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus Aureus. However, very few national programs have been sustained and integrated successfully into the national-health structure. Based on the results of the NHHI (National Hand Hygiene Initiative), hand hygiene reduces the risks of healthcare-associated infections which continue to be a major public health concern. NURS 6052 wk 3 assignment Matrix Worksheet Template

Aim of the Study

The study aimed at evaluating the outcomes of the NHHI including its effect on the incidences of healthcare-associated Staphylococcus Aureus and hand hygiene compliance. This study aim was influenced by the background knowledge that a healthcare provider’s compliance with hand hygiene is a significant national strategy for patient safety.

Research Methodology

This was a quantitative longitudinal study where the outcomes of the NHHI eight years after implementation were assessed. The assessment included the extent of hand hygiene guidelines compliance and the hospital’s participation, costs, and association with healthcare-associated Staphylococcus Aureus and educational engagement.

Strengths of Research Methodologies

Wide population data were used to evaluate the clinical impact of NHHI, specific, statistical analysis was done comparisons of proportions (χ² or t-test), with a p-value of 0·05 or less (two-tailed) which was considered to be statistically significant and increased the accuracy of results. Besides, hand hygiene and compliance data were assessed for errors and consistency using a standard process for review and validation. To maximize the validity and accuracy of data, two systems were established including representative hospital samples and the poorly performing sites. NURS 6052 wk 3 assignment Matrix Worksheet Template

Munoz-Figueroa, G. P., & Ojo, O. (2018). The effectiveness of alcohol-based gel for hand sanitizing in infection control. British Journal of Nursing, 27(7), 382-388.

Relation To The Clinical Issue

The article addresses a similar clinical issue by acknowledging Healthcare-Associated Infections as a public health concern for the health sector across the globe according to NICE. Some of the commonly identified infections include surgical, respiratory and urinary tract infections. This calls for the implementation of better strategies to control infections including education, reinforcing knowledge to the public, healthcare providers and individuals at high risk of infections in all areas of nursing practice.

Aim of the Study

The study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of alcohol-based gel for hand rubs in controlling infections in the clinical setting. The article was specific to renal nursing following a growth in the focus of evidence-based practice.

Research Methodology

The EBP process for clinical decision making was reviewed for effective literature on the effectiveness of alcohol-based gel and the results published recently concerning the findings of the best model.

Strengths of Research Methodologies

The review utilizes the steps of EBP and numerous articles relevant to the review purpose are used to justify the information shared.

General Comment

When compared to approaches that use detergents and disinfectants that can result in pathogen dissemination, alcohol when adequately used is even more effective. Therefore, hand rubs should be at every patient’s bedside, ward entrance and hospital for use after, before and when performing all activities related to care

Halm, M., & Sandau, K. (2018). Skin Impact of Alcohol-Based Hand Rubs vs Handwashing. American Journal of Critical Care, 27(4), 334-337.

Relation To The Clinical Issue

The researchers refer to the guidelines by the CDC and WHO which have been driven hand hygiene practices for more than ten years. According to these guidelines, when hands are deeply soiled with body fluids or blood or after visiting the toilet with suspected Clostridium difficile pathogens, the most preferred way to manage and control infections is through Handwashing with soap and water. However, for all other clinical scenarios, the researchers recommend that routine hand hygiene should be maintained with alcohol-based hand rubs. This discussion on infection prevention perfectly resonates with my clinical issue to be addressed.

Aim of the Study

According to the researchers, frequent Handwashing is a major cause of contact dermatitis thus rarely preferred by healthcare providers in clinical settings as a way of managing and controlling infections.  On the other hand, alcohol-based hand rubs are notably effective in bacterial reduction and causes less skin irritation. These perceptions greatly influence the degree of staff compliance to hand hygiene guidelines which ultimately impacts the rates of HAIs. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the impact of ABHRs supplemented by the use of creams and lotions on health outcomes.

Research Methodology

The study was a systematic review of literature that used qualitative methods approach.  The researchers searched the databases of MEDLINE and CINAHL using the keywords ABHR, contact dermatitis, dermatitis, and Handwashing. This search was limited to articles that had been published within the last 10 years. Only original articles were considered NURS 6052 wk 3 assignment Matrix Worksheet Template. The findings were presented in the form of tables to show outcomes and comparisons.

Strengths of Research Methodologies

The comprehensive literature search that was conducted was within the limit of 10 years. This aimed at ensuring that the findings could still be applied to current clinical practice and were in line with the recommended practice guidelines. Besides, the researchers used the following keywords to conduct the literature search: hand hygiene, ABHR, hand washing, dermatitis, and contact dermatitis. This ensured that only studies that were relevant to the clinical issue were addressed.

General Comments

To promote the use of ABHRs and lessen the occurrence of contact dermatitis, nurses should be taught that Handwashing after and before using ABHRs removes emollients and sebum layers thus increasing the risk of contact dermatitis

Loftus, R. W., Dexter, F., & Robinson, A. D. (2018). High-risk Staphylococcus aureus transmission in the operating room: a call for widespread improvements in perioperative hand hygiene and patient decolonization practices. American journal of infection control, 46(10), 1134-1141.

Relation To The Clinical Issue

The article discusses how an increase in the awareness and epidemiology of pathogen transmission can help to expand compliance with intraoperative infection control measures. This was specific to the risk of transmitting Staphylococcus Aureus during operations which are associated with high transmission rates, antibiotic resistance, and virulence. It was also attributed to a significant growth pathogen spread within acute care settings to healthy community dwellers in community settings. The researchers further discuss evidence-based solutions that can be used to address this issue to improve patient safety.

Aim of the Study

The researchers acknowledged Healthcare-Associated Infections to be an overwhelming issue related to antibiotics resistance. It is for this reason that healthcare providers have been urged to ensure compliance with some of the most basic prevention measures to prevent the unnecessary use of antibiotics and prevent infections. The study was specific to reducing the incidence of surgical site infections through the preoperative decolonization of staph Aureus through improvement measures in novel hand hygiene. Therefore, the study aimed to characterize the epidemiology of sequence types  of  Staphylococcus Aureus in the operating environment.

Research Methodology

The study used quantitative research methods where Staphylococcus
Aureus
species that were isolated and collected from three medical centers underwent biofilm absorbance, genome analysis, and API (analytical profile indexing). 274 case pairs were randomly selected using a computer-generated list from a total of three medical centers in the US.  178 species of Staphylococcus Aureus were isolated. Of these, 173 were associated with the possibility of transmissions. The researchers also conducted an assessment on the virulent, antibiotic-resistant and hyper transmissible and strains of staphylococcus Aureus.  Statistical analyses using X
2
tests and Poisson regression with variances were used for statistical analyses.

Strengths of Research Methodologies

The researchers used randomization of study participants and a large study sample which increased chances of applicability of the results to wide-population settings. Besides, randomization helped to establish a cause and effect relationship between the variables that were being studied. The researchers also used conceptual frameworks to list the possible courses of action regarding the concept that was an understudy. When conducting the statistical analyses, χ2 tests were used in examining the possible associations of covariates previously mentioned variates about transmission.

General Comments

Intraoperative strains of Staphylococcus Aureus are pathogenic and hyper-transmissible. To control their spread, compliance with hand hygiene and patient decolonization are essential.

References

Grayson, M. L., Stewardson, A. J., Russo, P. L., Ryan, K. E., Olsen, K. L., Havers, S. M., … & National Hand Hygiene Initiative. (2018). Effects of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative after 8 years on infection control practices, health-care worker education, and clinical outcomes: a longitudinal study. 
The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 18
(11), 1269-1277. NURS 6052 wk 3 assignment Matrix Worksheet Template

Halm, M., & Sandau, K. (2018). Skin Impact of Alcohol-Based Hand Rubs vs Handwashing. 
American Journal of Critical Care, 27
(4), 334-337.

Loftus, R. W., Dexter, F., & Robinson, A. D. (2018). High-risk Staphylococcus aureus transmission in the operating room: a call for widespread improvements in perioperative hand hygiene and patient decolonization practices. 
American journal of infection control, 46
(10), 1134-1141.

Munoz-Figueroa, G. P., & Ojo, O. (2018). The effectiveness of alcohol-based gel for hand sanitizing in infection control.
British Journal of Nursing, 27
(7), 382-388. NURS 6052 wk 3 assignment Matrix Worksheet Template