Tag: Clinical-Nursing

  • NURS 6050 Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

    NURS 6050 Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

    Welcome to NURS 6050: Policy and Advocacy for Improving Population Health

    Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

    Regardless of political affiliation, individuals often grow concerned when considering perceived competing interests of government and their impact on topics of interest to them. The realm of healthcare is no different. Some people feel that local, state, and federal policies and legislation can be either helped or hindered by interests other than the benefit to society NURS 6050 Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

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    Consider for example that the number one job of a legislator is to be reelected. Cost can be measured in votes as well as dollars. Thus, it is important to consider the legislator’s perspective on either promoting or not promoting a certain initiative in the political landscape.

    To Prepare:

    Review the Resources and reflect on efforts to repeal/replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA).

    Consider who benefits the most when policy is developed and in the context of policy implementation.

    Post an explanation for how you think the cost-benefit analysis in terms of legislators being reelected affected efforts to repeal/replace the ACA. Then, explain how analyses of the votes views may affect decisions by legislative leaders in recommending or positioning national policies (e.g., Congress’ decisions impacting Medicare or Medicaid). Remember, the number one job of a legislator is to be re-elected. Please check your discussion grading rubric to ensure your responses meet the criteria. NURS 6050 Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

  • ENG 106 Topic 2 DQ 2

    ENG 106 Topic 2 DQ 2

    When writing a strong argument it is important to acknowledge the opposing viewpoint because it shows dimension to the argument. It supports the idea that one has done their research and is ready to discuss openmindedly what they have found. The true purpose of any argument is to get facts across that an individual has learned, as they have become important to one’s specific position. So, acknowledging the opposition makes it possible for individuals to be prepared for that type of conversation or opposition because they are already educated on it. There are certain types of people, that choose to stay on the fence when it comes to discussions only to be able to argue either side when opportunities arise ENG 106 Topic 2 DQ 2.

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    When working with opposing viewpoints at the end of a paper, it is important to finish strong to show why the opposition is not your individual position. In this case, it could be difficult to come back from specific topics such as low-cost operations overseas. But in my paper, I mention how those low-cost operations may result in death. I do this to support my Christian viewpoint on organ transplantation ENG 106 Topic 2 DQ 2.

    The writer does not want to spend too much time on an opposing viewpoint because they may push support to the oppositions viewpoint and not their own. If the viewpoint is not mentioned it could be show the essay as being weak. This also helps the reader to know that the writer has studied the opposition and further agrees with his or her own position. If the opposing viewpoint has some points that are true the writer will want to concede, but yet come back with even stronger points to refute the concession. Some opposing viewpoints in my essay will be, the maturity of the believer to make a good mature decision about organ donation. Also, would want to discuss that some may be lead to donate while living and others may wait until they pass ENG 106 Topic 2 DQ 2.

  • AGACNP, AGPCNP, FNP, PMHNP Practicum Experience – Journal Entry

    AGACNP, AGPCNP, FNP, PMHNP Practicum Experience – Journal Entry

    Assignment: Practicum Experience – Journal Entry

    To prepare for this course’s Practicum Experience, address the following in your first Practicum Journal:

    Select and describe a nursing theory to guide your practice.

    Develop goals and objectives for your Practicum Experience in this course. When developing your goals and objectives, be sure to keep the seven domains of practice in mind. AGACNP, AGPCNP, FNP, PMHNP Practicum Experience – Journal Entry.

    Create a timeline of practicum activities based on your practicum requirements

    In a one-page journal entry (250-300 words), you should do the following:

    Describe your practicum goals and objectives using the seven domains of practice

    Discuss a nursing theory that would be used to guide your practice.

    Include APA-style citations and references

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    •You should reflect and prepare learning goals and objectives for the course

    –Review the course objectives

    –Review the preceptor evaluation of student

    –Review the Competencies for your specialty (AGACNP, AGPCNP, FNP, PMHNP) by visiting the following sites:

    •Core Competencies for nurse practitioners http://nonpf.com/associations/10789/files/NPCoreCompetenciesFinal2012.pdf

    •FNP Competencies http://www.nonpf.org/associations/10789/files/PopulationFocusNPComps2013.pdf AGACNP, AGPCNP, FNP, PMHNP Practicum Experience – Journal Entry

  • NURS 6003 – Strategies for Addressing MSN program Questions – Academic and Professional Success Plan Template

    NURS 6003 – Strategies for Addressing MSN program Questions – Academic and Professional Success Plan Template

    Discussion – Week 2

    Strategies for Addressing Questions

    In Module 1, you began building a foundation for your success by considering a network-individuals and teams who can help you to clarify and execute on the vision. A network is most helpful when you are comfortable asking questions. Chances are other members of your network have experienced similar questions and may have helped guide others toward resolutions that can now be helpful. NURS 6003 – Strategies for Addressing MSN program Questions – Academic and Professional Success Plan Template.

    In this Discussion, focus on the questions you are ready to ask as your journey begins. Keep in mind that sharing questions is often a great way to help others who have similar questions even if they do not realize it!

    To prepare:

    Reflect on questions or concerns you might have as you begin the MSN program.

    Consider the individuals, teams, and departments you previously considered in Module 1 as well as how they may provide support with addressing these questions and concerns.

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    Excellent

    Good

    Fair

    Poor

    Main Posting

    45 (45%) – 50 (50%)

    Answers all parts of the discussion question(s) expectations with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources.

     

    Supported by at least three current, credible sources.

     

    Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.

    NURS 6003 – Strategies for Addressing MSN program Questions – Academic and Professional Success Plan Template

    40 (40%) – 44 (44%)

    Responds to the discussion question(s) and is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

     

    At least 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth.

     

    Supported by at least three credible sources.

     

    Written clearly and concisely with one or no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.

    35 (35%) – 39 (39%)

    Responds to some of the discussion question(s).

     

    One or two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed.

     

    Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis.

     

    Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

     

    Post is cited with two credible sources.

     

    Written somewhat concisely; may contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors.

     

    Contains some APA formatting errors.

    0 (0%) – 34 (34%)

    Does not respond to the discussion question(s) adequately.

     

    Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria.

     

    Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis.

     

    Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

     

    Contains only one or no credible sources.

     

    Not written clearly or concisely.

     

    Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors.

     

    Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style.

    Main Post: Timeliness

    10 (10%) – 10 (10%)

    Posts main post by day 3.

    0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

    0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

    0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

    Does not post by day 3.

    First Response

    17 (17%) – 18 (18%)

    Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.

     

    Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.

     

    Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.

     

    Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.

     

    Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

     

    Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.

     

    Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.

    15 (15%) – 16 (16%)

    Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings.

     

    Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

     

    Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed.

     

    Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources.

     

    Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.

    13 (13%) – 14 (14%)

    Response is on topic and may have some depth.

     

    Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication.

     

    Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed.

     

    Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.

    0 (0%) – 12 (12%)

    Response may not be on topic and lacks depth.

     

    Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication.

     

    Responses to faculty questions are missing.

     

    No credible sources are cited.

    Second Response

    16 (16%) – 17 (17%)

    Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.

     

    Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.

     

    Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.

     

    Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.

     

    Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

     

    Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.

     

    Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.

    14 (14%) – 15 (15%)

    Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings.

     

    Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

     

    Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed.

     

    Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources.

     

    Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.

    12 (12%) – 13 (13%)

    Response is on topic and may have some depth.

     

    Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication.

     

    Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed.

     

    Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.

    0 (0%) – 11 (11%)

    Response may not be on topic and lacks depth.

     

    Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication.

     

    Responses to faculty questions are missing.

     

    No credible sources are cited.

    Participation

    5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

    Meets requirements for participation by posting on three different days.

    0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

    0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

    0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

    Does not meet requirements for participation by posting on 3 different days.

    Total Points: 100 NURS 6003 – Strategies for Addressing MSN program Questions – Academic and Professional Success Plan Template

    Name: 
    NURS_6003_Module02_Week02_Discussion_Rubric

     

     

    Academic and Professional Success Plan Template

     

    Prepared by

     

    x

     

     

    .

     

     

    NETWORK MEMBER 1

     

    Name:
    x

     

    Title:
    Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner

     

    Organization:
    x

     

    Academic or Professional:
    Professional

     

    I choose x because she is very passionate about mentoring and providing knowledgeable information to other. she has help me along my journey as a BSN student, and is willing to continue her support academically as my preceptor in time to come. NURS 6003 – Strategies for Addressing MSN program Questions – Academic and Professional Success Plan Template.

     

    Notes:
    Reliable and efficient in her field.

     

     

     

     

     

    NETWORK MEMBER 2

     

    Name:xx

     

     

    Title:
    Director of Nursing

     

     

    Organization:
    x

     

     

    Academic or Professional:
    Professional

     

    I worked as a nursing supervisor with x as the DON for many years. she has encouraged me to further my education, providing instructive information resources, and networking strategies throughout our time working together.

     

    Notes:
    She creates a positive work environment for professional growth

     

     

     

    NETWORK MEMBER 3

     

    Name:
    xxx

     

     

    Title
    :  Registered Nurses

     

    Organization:

     

     

    Academic or Professional
    : Professional

     

    Over the years we have built a great a relationship, working together as a team, supporting each other dreams in the field of nursing.  Enrolling in universities together, attending workshops and seminars. We also join professional organizations to keep up with new trans in nursing and remain up to date. NURS 6003 – Strategies for Addressing MSN program Questions – Academic and Professional Success Plan Template

     

    Notes:
    Together we are a solid TEAM

     

     

    NETWORK MEMBER 4

     

    Name:
    Facebook groups, student success advisors, and Walden library

     

    Title

     

    Organization:
    Walden University

     

    Academic or Professional:
    Academic

     

    Walden university provides students with wealth of information for success. The student’s success advisors are also there to guild student into the right path. Facebook groups are another way to network with peers, sharing ideas and information. Students used the Facebook platform to also help each other navigate and understand course work. Walden library has all the resources to assist students with research, books, publications and articles. NURS 6003 – Strategies for Addressing MSN program Questions – Academic and Professional Success Plan Template

  • NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Racial or ethnic minorities continue to suffer from diabetes-related mortality and morbidity which is relatively twice as higher as compared to the non-Hispanic whites. Among those, 12.6% of African American adults have been diagnosed with diabetes as compared to that of all the non-Hispanic whites at 7.1% (Berkowitz et al., 2015). consequently, minorities have a higher tendency of being hospitalized as a result of diabetes-related complications including diabetes retinopathy, lower extremity amputations, and end-stage renal disease. However, in order to address the challenges that contribute to several health disparities among ethnic or racial minorities effectively, several interventions will need to be formulated with the utilization of multifactorial approaches including health care policies NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis. According to most research findings, culturally tailored interventions which involve the collaboration of the public, community and healthcare system to reduce health disparities, improve disease management and improve health outcome are well suited to solve the problem of disease burden among populations that are underserved such as…

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    Select a current or proposed health care policy that is designed to improve a specific population’s access to quality, cost-effective health care. In a paper of 1,000-1,250 words, include the following:

    Explain the policy and how it is designed to improve cost-effectiveness and health care equity for the population. Is the policy financially sound? Why or why not? How does the policy account for any relevant ethical, legal, and political factors and the nursing perceptive one must consider when implementing it?

    To what state, federal, global health policies or goals is this particular policy related? How well do you think the policy is designed to achieve those goals? NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

    Finally, discuss the advocacy strategies you would employ on behalf of your population to ensure they have access to the benefits of the policy. Explain, from a Christian perspective, the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurse to advocate for and promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations.

    You are required to cite five to 10 sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

    This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

    You are required to submit this NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

     

     

    Course Code

    Class Code

    Assignment Title

    Total Points

    NUR-550

    NUR-550-XO0905XB

    Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    160.0

    NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Criteria

    Percentage

    Unsatisfactory (0.00%)

    Less than Satisfactory (80.00%)

    Satisfactory (88.00%)

    Good (92.00%)

    Excellent (100.00%)

    Content

    70.0%

    Financially Sound Health Care Policy That Incorporates the Nursing Perspective and Relevant Ethical, Legal, and Political Factors (2.1)

    20.0%

    A discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is not included.

    A discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is present.

    A discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive discussion of financially sound health care policy that incorporates the nursing perspective and relevant ethical, legal, and political factors is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    Integration of Appropriate State, Federal, and Global Health Policies and Goals Related to Equitable Health Care for Populations (4.2)

    20.0%

    A discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is not included.

    A discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is present.

    A discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive discussion of appropriate state, federal, and global health policies and goals related to equitable health care for populations is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    Advocacy Strategies for Improving Access, Quality, and Cost-Effective Health Care for Diverse Populations (2.2)

    10.0%

    A discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is not included.

    A discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is present.

    A discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive discussion of advocacy strategies for improving access, quality, and cost-effective health care for diverse populations is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    The Professional and Moral Obligation of Advanced Registered Nurses to Respect Human Dignity and Advance the Common Good Through Working to Promote Health and Prevent Disease Among Diverse Populations from a Christian Perspective (4.3)

    15.0%

    A discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is not included.

    A discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.

    A discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is present.

    A discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is clearly provided and well developed.

    A comprehensive discussion of the professional and moral obligation of advanced registered nurses to respect human dignity and advance the common good through working to promote health and prevent disease among diverse populations from a Christian perspective is thoroughly developed with supporting details.

    Required Sources

    5.0%

    Sources are not included.

    Number of required sources is only partially met.

    Number of required sources is met, but sources are outdated or inappropriate.

    Number of required sources is met. Sources are current, but not all sources are appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Number of required resources is met. Sources are current, and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

    Organization and Effectiveness

    20.0%

    Thesis Development and Purpose

    7.0%

    Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.

    Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.

    Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.

    Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.

    Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

    Argument Logic and Construction

    8.0%

    Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.

    Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.

    Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.

    Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.

    Clear and convincing argument that presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

    Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

    5.0%

    Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.

    Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.

    Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.

    Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.

    Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

    Format

    10.0%

    Paper Format (Use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

    5.0%

    Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.

    Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.

    Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.

    Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style.

    All format elements are correct.

    Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

    5.0%

    Sources are not documented.

    Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

    Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

    Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

    NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Total Weightage

    100%

     

    Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis

    Racial or ethnic minorities continue to suffer from diabetes-related mortality and morbidity which is relatively twice as higher as compared to the non-Hispanic whites. Among those, 12.6% of African American adults have been diagnosed with diabetes as compared to that of all the non-Hispanic whites at 7.1% (Berkowitz et al., 2015). consequently, minorities have a higher tendency of being hospitalized as a result of diabetes-related complications including diabetes retinopathy, lower extremity amputations, and end-stage renal disease. However, in order to address the challenges that contribute to several health disparities among ethnic or racial minorities effectively, several interventions will need to be formulated with the utilization of multifactorial approaches including health care policies. According to most research findings, culturally tailored interventions which involve the collaboration of the public, community and healthcare system to reduce health disparities, improve disease management and improve health outcome are well suited to solve the problem of disease burden among populations that are underserved such as African Americans (King, Moreno, Coleman, & Williams, 2018). This is precisely true for diabetes as the decisions that impact diabetes self-management comprises the importance of regular physical exercise and a healthy diet, which are greatly influenced by infrastructure and support provided by the government or the community. This paper focuses on the affordable care act as a healthcare policy designed to improve the quality of healthcare at an affordable cost for the management of diabetes among the African American population. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

               
    The Affordable Care Act was formulated to help improve access to healthcare services by expanding insurance coverage. In as much as some aspects of the affordable care act applied to people from all socioeconomic strata, key features of the law were focused in increasing healthcare coverage among people with low income who were the ethnic minorities such as the African Americans (Buchmueller, Levinson, Levy, & Wolfe, 2016). These key features of the law include federal subsidies which are aimed at expanding eligibility for Medicaid to every American citizen with an income of up to 138% of the federal poverty level, and for those with income of between 100 to 400% of poverty, who are able to purchase insurance on the recently created exchange, large premium subsidies have been set aside. In 2014, the number of uninsured African American citizens reduced significantly as a result of the affordable care act as compared to the whites (Schmittdiel et al., 2017) NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis. Generally, the affordable care act has greatly reformed the healthcare system by boosting primary care as providers are more focused on aligned attention to the sickest, “high need, high cost,” as these patients account for most of the national health spending, making the policy financially sound. The policy has also reduced the cost of healthcare while improving the quality as clinicians are paid for their outcome (quality) rather that their workload (quantity).

    In June 2012, the supreme court upheld the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) policy which was aimed at providing guidance to the state, employers, insurers and consumers on what is expected of them when implementing the ACA, to avoid ethical, legal or political disparities (Griffith, Evans, & Bor, 2017). The PPACA comprises of reforms such as expanding Medicaid eligibility, preventing insurers from repudiating coverage for pre-existing health conditions, giving incentives for enterprises to provide health care benefits and subsidizing insurance premiums. When implementing the policy, the nursing perspective of not dropping a client in case they become ill by insurance companies is also included in the PPACA (Islam et al., 2015). As a nurse, it is important to ensure that the policy ensures ethical rights of the patient such as, improved quality of health, freedom of choice for the patient on “who”, “when”, and “where” they can access health care, and affordability of healthcare NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

    With the emergence of the Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs), under the ACA, healthcare organizations have incentives to prioritize on population-centered health and collaborate with providers, clients and other healthcare personnel’s in the public health, social service sector, and community, to broaden the impact of the health system, control health costs, and promote quality in healthcare so as to reduce the burden of chronic diseases such as diabetes and improve healthcare outcome (Myerson, & Laiteerapong, 2016). Given that the burden of chronic diseases such as diabetes is increasing especially among ethnic or racial minorities, the policy is aimed at creating evidence-based interventions to address diabetes management in both community and healthcare settings to achieve the goal of ending disease burden among ethnic minorities such as African Americans.

    To ensure that all communities members within this marginalized population enjoy maximum benefit from ACA, I will enhance patient education and public awareness through multiple integrated systems and community linkages. African Americans, with diabetes, need to be informed on the importance of health coverage in the management of diabetes. For instance, they need to be aware of the fact that treatment for diabetes contributes approximately 18% of the national GDP in the US on healthcare expenses NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis. Consequently, associated care costs the country approximately $237 billion annually in direct medical cost (Hayes, Riley, Radley, & McCarthy, 2017). And as a result of late detection of the complication among other psychosocial barriers, the African Americans are more likely to receive medical services during tertiary stages which is even more costly and prevents productivity. It is only through insurance coverage that they will be able to afford early detection and effective disease management. The insurance cover will give them the privilege of taking part in routine clinical services including HbA1c testing, comprehensive dilated eye exams and complete foot exams, which helps in reducing complications of diabetes and mortality rates (Ramírez, Estrada, & Ruiz, 2017). With the above information, individuals from this marginalized population will see the need of applying for an insurance cover and maximumly benefit from the affordable care act. Additionally, I will encourage the development of support groups for diabetic patients where they will enjoy educational support on healthy living such as balanced diet, and what kind of exercise to engage in. finally, I will ensure that as stated in the policy, healthcare resources are distributed equally so as to benefit even the homeless and those with low income NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

    In conclusion, the healthcare system in the current world is based on the “medical model,” where most of the healthcare providers only focus on the diagnosis and treatment of physical and mental conditions. However, as Christians, an advanced registered nurse, must uphold human dignity and provide patient-centred care that is customized according to the needs, values, choices, and preferences of the patient (Balint, & George, 2015). While promoting health and preventing diseases among diverse populations, an advanced registered nurse should incorporate spiritual dimension in nursing practice which is not separate from the science of nursing. As such, spiritual care will ensure that the nurse does not only focus on the patient physical recovery but also, his or her quality of life, well-being, and general functioning. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

     

    References

    Balint, K. A., & George, N. M. (January 01, 2015). Faith community nursing scope of practice: extending access to healthcare.
    Journal of Christian Nursing: a Quarterly Publication of Nurses Christian Fellowship, 32,
    1, 34-40.

    Berkowitz, S. A., Meigs, J. B., DeWalt, D., Seligman, H. K., Barnard, L. S., Bright, O.-J. M., Schow, M., … Wexler, D. J. (February 01, 2015). Material Need Insecurities, Control of Diabetes Mellitus, and Use of Health Care Resources: Results of the Measuring Economic Insecurity in Diabetes Study.
    Jama Internal Medicine, 175,
    2, 257.

    Buchmueller, T. C., Levinson, Z. M., Levy, H. G., & Wolfe, B. L. (January 01, 2016). Effect of the Affordable Care Act on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Insurance Coverage.
    American Journal of Public Health, 106,
    8, 1416-21.

    Griffith, K., Evans, L., & Bor, J. (August 01, 2017). The Affordable Care Act Reduced Socioeconomic Disparities In Health Care Access.
    Health Affairs, 36,
    8, 1503-1510. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis.

    Hayes, S. L., Riley, P., Radley, D. C., & McCarthy, D. (January 01, 2017). Reducing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Access to Care: Has the Affordable Care Act Made a Difference?.
    Issue Brief (Commonwealth Fund), 2017,
    1-14.

    Islam, N., Nadkarni, S. K., Zahn, D., Skillman, M., Kwon, S. C., & Trinh-Shevrin, C. (January 01, 2015). Integrating Community Health Workers Within Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Implementation.
    Journal of Public Health Management and Practice.

    King, C. J., Moreno, J., Coleman, S. V., & Williams, J. F. (December 01, 2018). Diabetes mortality rates among African Americans: A descriptive analysis pre and post-Medicaid expansion.
    Preventive Medicine Reports, 12,
    20-24.

    Myerson, R., & Laiteerapong, N. (April 01, 2016). The Affordable Care Act and Diabetes Diagnosis and Care: Exploring the Potential Impacts.
    Current Diabetes Reports, 16,
    4, 1-8.

    Ramírez, A. S., Estrada, E., & Ruiz, A. (August 01, 2017). Mapping the Health Information Landscape in a Rural, Culturally Diverse Region: Implications for Interventions to Reduce Information Inequality.
    The Journal of Primary Prevention, 38,
    4, 345-362.

    Schmittdiel, J. A., Gopalan, A., Chau, C. V., Adams, A. S., Lin, M. W., Banerjee, S., & Chau, C. V. (May 01, 2017). Population Health Management for Diabetes: Health Care System-Level Approaches for Improving Quality and Addressing Disparities.
    Current Diabetes Reports, 17,
    5. NUR-550 Benchmark – Population Health Policy Analysis)

  • ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay

    ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay

    The USA has more than 150,000 on the transplant waiting list at any given time and yet only about 15,000 of them end up receiving the lifesaving organs. This implies that as much as 90% of persons in the transplant list end up not receiving the required organs. As many as 22 patients die every day because of medical conditions that could have been alleviated through receiving transplant organs. This state of affairs has been blamed on low organ donations and shortage of donors. The situation is further exacerbated by the fact that the USA has legislation in place that makes selling organs illegal. In fact, many countries have such legislations. This has created a unique situation in that is only expected to worsen if organ donations are not increased since the current demand greatly outweighs the supply (Flescher, 2018; Kaserman & Barnett, 2002). As such, there is a need for the USA to develop more aggressive strategies for procuring transplant organs.

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    It is estimated that as much as 85% of the American population is ready to donate their organs. However, they are not well informed of their options and most of them end up dying without making the decision to become donors. Through publicity campaigns that inform potential donors about the ability to save a life and extend life through donating organs. ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay. They can be made to understand that as much as 80% of the people on the waiting list will not get the lifesaving organs, and making the donations even in death could save lives. The publicity campaigns should be conducted in a manager that appeals to the heart and altruistic nature of potential donors, ending up making them feel compelled to make the donations (Flescher, 2018). To be more precise, the current publicity approaches must be faulted since they are typically applied in the emergency room when a potential donor is in critical condition or brain dead. In fact, the publicity can be considered insensitive since it is conducted at a time when family and loved ones are facing emotional turmoil over the loss of a loved. It is not surprising that most family members will refuse to donate the organs of a loved on when approached at a time of grief (Goodwin, 2006). ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay

    Rather than waiting until the potential donor is in critical condition, the publicity campaigns should be targeted at healthy individuals. This would allow the potential donors enough time to consider their choices and make rational decisions that play to their altruistic nature. Indeed, most donors are galvanized by the idea of continuing to live on through the organ recipients even after death so that someone will always be thankful to them for saving a life (Veatch & Ross, 2015).

    It is evident that how to attract organ donors remains a concern in the USA. Most of the public is uninformed about the form and how to make donations. The public typically associated organ donations with living donors, and most are unaware that they could still donate some of their organs even after death. The government has tried to address this concern through creating an opt-in system that allows individuals to donate their organs upon death. This entails the donors registering in the national organ donor registry with the information indicated in the driver’s license. They registry has captured 28% of the US population, a commendable achievement that unfortunately has done very little to address the 90% organ shortage. Addressing the large gap between supply and demand of organs requires more radical thinking to include a first person-authorization consent that makes the intent to become a posthumous donor legally binding as an advance directive or living will (Tsouflas, 2018). ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay

    The fact is that organ donations are at very low levels. Perhaps it is time to reconsider the prohibition on organ trade and sale, or even consider introducing incentives. Although these options create opportunities for ethical abuse, the reality is that the current trends do not spell well for organ donations. While the US is still struggling with the potential for organ trade and sale being abused to exploit the poor, other countries such as Iran have successfully launched activities ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay. Kidney sales average approximately $1,200 per organ in Iran. The result is a significant increase in supply to match demand with an ever present reserve so that the possibility of shortage is eliminated. Taken as a business activity, organ trade in Iran now conforms to the business principles of supply and demand with significant protections to eliminate the possibility of abuse (Fry-Revere, 2014; Satel, 2008).

    With the high number of deaths of persons in organ transplant waiting list in the USA and the favorable organ trade results in Iran, perhaps it is time that the US legislature seriously considers the possibility of incentivizing organ donation to increase supply. Incentives do not necessarily have to be in the form of direct cash provision as has been the case in Iran. They can be in the form of better life opportunities for the doors, such as paying for future funeral expenses. It is understandable that the US legislature may be resistant to cash exchanges owing to the ethical implications of trade (such as the poor being abused and the perception that human life is for sale), but the reality is that America is hard pressed to increase organ donations and incentives offer a good opportunity (Farrell, Price & Quigley, 2011) ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay.

    Another option is the use of an opt-out legislation that automatically turns all Americans into organ donors upon death unless they sign documents to the contrary. Although not used in the USA, the opt-out system is successfully applied in at least 25 European countries. Unlike the USA that relies on altruistic motivations to realize 15% of organ demand being met, countries with the opt-out legislation report figures in excess of 90%. Although it is unclear whether such a system would work in the USA, the present state of affairs creates a situation in which this option must be tried. It is important to note that although an opt-out legislation would increase donation volumes, the increase may not be high since only approximately 2% of deaths occur in controlled environments with oxygenated blood flowing through the organs. ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay This means that only 2% of deaths would present viable organs even if an opt-out legislation is applied. Such legislation had previously been proposed in 2014 but was met with significant opposition from capitalist systems that focus more on financial implications and associated profits (Tsouflas, 2018).

    Yet another option is to introduce supportive legislation to enhance the opt-in legislation. It is not uncommon for family members to disregard a donor’s wishes and refuse to release organs as the decision does not financially benefit them. The US legislature can address this concern through introduce first-person authorization clause that is legally enforceable so that families disregarding the donors wishes and refusing to release organs can be prosecuted. There is similar legislation in place but it does not adequately address the issue. ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay. Brain death first person consent legislation is in place prohibit next of kin from overriding person decisions to donate organs (Flescher, 2018).

    However, the legislation is made inadequate by the fact that clinical death is a subjective concept. Some states interpret clinical death as irreversible loss of all brain functions, while other states interpret it as irreversible loss of cardiopulmonary functions. The two interpretations make it possible for next of kin to legally delay or halt organ donation activities by refusing to remove the family member from life support. In such case, the delay could reduce the viability of the donated organs. As such, there is a need for legislation to clarify the human functions that can be used to determine clinical death (Farrell, Price & Quigley, 2011). The ambiguity about what constitutes clinical death is not good for organ donation. Although this would be unsettling for the family members who still have hope of a miracle occurring and their loved ones recovering, the reality is that long delays has an effect on organ viability (Tsouflas, 2018). ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay.

    One must accept that America’s altruistic model has failed to match organ supply with demand, and persons in the organ transplant list are left with grim future as most of them do not get the lifesaving organs. 90% of persons in the organ waiting list are unlikely to receive the required organs. The implication is that the organ transplant management systems applied in the USA are lacking and inadequate, and there is a need for changes to increase organ donations so as to address the existing shortfall. ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay. Firstly, there is a need for better publicity campaigns that appeal to the public’s altruistic nature and informs them about the available opportunities such as the possibility of making donations when alive and in death. Secondly, introducing incentives, and allowing for organ trade and sales with strict regulations to protect vulnerable populations. Thirdly, introducing opt-out legislation automatically turns all Americans into organ donors upon death unless they sign documents to the contrary. Finally, introducing supportive legislation to enhance opt-in legislation. In this respect, there is a need for the USA to develop more aggressive strategies for procuring transplant organs. ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay.

     

    References

    Farrell, A., Price, D. & Quigley, M. (ed) (2011).
    Organ shortage: ethics, law and pragmatism
    . Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press.

    Flescher, A. M. (2018).
    The organ shortage crisis in America: incentives, civic duty, and closing the gap
    . Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press. ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay

    Fry-Revere, S. (2014).
    The kidney sellers: a journey of discovery in Iran
    . Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press.

    Goodwin, M. (2006).
    Black markets: the supply and demand of body parts
    . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Kaserman, D. L. & Barnett, A. H. (2002).
    The US organ procurement systems: a prescription for reform
    . Washington, D.C.: The AEI Press.

    Satel, S. L. (2008).
    When altruism isn’t enough: the case for compensating kidney donors
    . Washington, D.C.: The AEI Press.

    Tsouflas, G. (ed) (2018).
    Organ donation and transplantation: current status and future challenges
    . London: IntechOpen.

    Veatch, R. M. & Ross, L. F. (2015).
    Transplantation ethics
    (2
    nd
    ed.). Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press. ENG 106 – Cause and effect of low organ donation in the USA Essay

  • NURS 6053 Discussion 2 Your Leadership Profile

    NURS 6053 Discussion 2 Your Leadership Profile

    Discussion 2: Your Leadership Profile

    Do you believe you have the traits to be an effective leader? Perhaps you are already in a supervisory role, but as has been discussed previously, appointment does not guarantee leadership skills.

    How can you evaluate your own leadership skills and behaviors? You can start by analyzing your performance in specific areas of leadership. In this Discussion, you will complete Gallup’s StrengthsFinder assessment. This assessment will identify your personal strengths, which have been shown to improve motivation, engagement, and academic self-conference. Through this assessment, you will discover your top five themes—which you can reflect upon and use to leverage your talents for optimal success and examine how the results relate to your leadership traits. NURS 6053 Discussion 2 Your Leadership Profile.

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    To Prepare:

    To take the Assessment, visit http://walden.gallup.com. Using the Guidance Document Resource(s) for the Strengths Finder assessment, follow the instructions for setting up an account. If the link does not work, please copy and paste the link into your web browser.

    Please Note: This Assessment will take roughly 30 minutes to complete.

    Once you have completed your assessment, you will receive your “Top 5 Signature Themes of Talent” on your screen.

    Click the Download button below Signature Theme Report, and then print and save the report. We also encourage you to select the Apply tab to review action items.

    NOTE: Please keep your report. You will need your results for future courses. Technical Issues with Gallup:

    If you have technical issues after registering, please contact the Gallup Education Support group by phone at +1.866-346-4408. Support is available 24 hours/day from 6:00 p.m. Sunday U.S. Central Time through 5:00 p.m. Friday U.S. Central Time. NURS 6053 Discussion 2 Your Leadership Profile

    Reflect on the results of your Assessment, and consider how the results relate to your leadership traits.

    By Day 3 of Week 5

    Post a brief description of your results from the StrengthsFinder assessment. Then, briefly describe two core values, two strengths, and two characteristics that you would like to strengthen based on the results of your StrengthsFinder assessment. Be specific. NURS 6053 Discussion 2 Your Leadership Profile

  • PSC 450 Topic 5 DQ 2

    PSC 450 Topic 5 DQ 2

    Consider the following statement: “The essence of project management is risk management.” What does it mean in terms of completing a project successfully? Support your response with evidence from the readings or other materials. Be sure to use APA format for citing your source. PSC 450 Topic 5 DQ 2

  • Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay

    Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay

    Based on ”
    Case Study: Fetal Abnormality
    ” and other required topic study materials, write a 750-1,000-word reflection that answers the following questions:

    What is the Christian view of the nature of human persons, and which theory of moral status is it compatible with? How is this related to the intrinsic human value and dignity?

    Which theory or theories are being used by Jessica, Marco, Maria, and Dr. Wilson to determine the moral status of the fetus? What from the case study specifically leads you to believe that they hold the theory you selected?

    How does the theory determine or influence each of their recommendations for action? Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay.

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    What theory do you agree with? Why? How would that theory determine or influence the recommendation for action?

    Remember to support your responses with the topic study materials.

    While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

    This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay.

     

    Case Study: Fetal Abnormality

    Introduction

    This case study presents four people who are faced with the possible decision of aborting a fetus that has an abnormality. The fetus has a 25% chance of having Down Syndrome and has not yet developed arms and there is a low probability that the fetus will develop any arms. The four people faced with decision making include Jessica, Dr. Wilson, Maria, and Marco. Marco is the father and he claims to support Jessica’s decision. Maria is the aunt and is advising Jessica is against the abortion based on her religious beliefs while Dr. Wilson supports fetal abortion. Accordingly, this paper will present various theories that each individual utilizes to determine the moral status of the fetus. Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay.

    Dr. Wilson moral standing is for pro-abortion and based on his medical knowledge he is supporting abortion on the fetus. He explained to the family regarding the available options, but depicts highest support for abortion owing to his medical knowledge regarding the possible deformities the child will have and the burden the child will bestow on the family. Dr. Wilson is using the theory of cognitive properties. According to this theory, for a person to have a moral status, an individual should have the ability to show a level of awareness and reasonableness, not possessed by the other party (Buckner, 2015). Accordingly, the moral status of Dr. Wilson is subjective of scientism where he applies science and medical knowledge. In addition, under this theory, the fetus does not have any moral status because it does not have awareness and rationality and hence aborting the fetus is acceptable.

    On the other hand, Maria seems to be strongly opposed to abortion. According to her, the basis of the moral status of the fetus is on the responsibility of Jessica as a mother. Therefore, the applicable theory regarding Maria’s view of the fetal moral status is on the theory based on relationships Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay. According to this theory, an individual should not impede with another individual and should respect the rights of other individuals due to the relationship they have between them (Baumeister, 2017). For instance, the relationship between parents and their children makes it morally wrong for parents to kill their children. Jessica has a relationship with the fetus being the mother, as well as relationship with God; these relationships bestow the fetus a moral status and hence aborting it is wrong. Another relevant theory is the theory of moral agency. This theory is also evident where Maria is prompting Jessica to be a moral agent and integrate relationship properties by not terminating her pregnancy because abortion is wrong (Baumeister, 2017). Additionally, the divine command theory is also applicable in Maria’s point of view. This theory is based on the supremacy of God the creator, and him alone having the ability to make moral decisions (Fadda et al, 2016). This is evidenct where Maria tries to put forth faith and religion and beg Jessica not to terminate the pregnancy and allow God’s plan to pass through Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay.

    Moral agency theory is applicable to Jessica. Being the mother, Jessica appears conflicted due to the financial burden the child poses, as well as her religious beliefs that are against abortion. Additionally, Jessica will make a decision regarding the moral status of the child.  In this case, Jessica is acting as a moral agent, and hence moral agency theory is applicable in her case. Jessica seems to feel that abortion is wrong in spite of the financial burden that the child will pose. As per the moral agency theory, the moral status of a being is defined by the ability to differential between right and wrong (Baumeister, 2017). Therefore, Jessica is conflicted regarding what is the right decision to do. Jessica is also the mother to the fetus and hence there is a relationship, and this makes moral agency theory based on relationship applicable.

    Moreover, theory based on relationship is also applicable to Marco. This is because Marco feels that due to his relationship with Jessica, he should support any decision Jessica makes. His decision to support Jessica’s decision whether to keep the pregnancy or terminate the pregnancy is solely based on her relationship with her.

    I agree with the theory of moral agency. This is because I belief that the basis of every person’s ability to make moral decisions should be on what is right and wrong. I am thus a moral agent who can differentiate between right and wrong and hence I have the moral duty not to cause unwarranted harm to the unborn child (Nilsen, 2015). Accordingly, the decision would be for Jessica to continue with the pregnancy because abortion is morally wrong. Terminating the pregnancy would be killing the unborn child, which is morally wrong. Therefore, moral agency theory would support Jessica to continue with the pregnancy Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay.

    Conclusion

    The paper has presented theories that influenced various individuals regarding their suggestions in determining the moral status of the fetus. Dr. Wilson utilized the theory of cognitive properties because he used his knowledge on science to make his moral standing Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay. Maria and Marco utilized theory based on relationships in order to make their moral standings because their decisions are due to their relationship with Jessica as well as the fact that Maria fees that Jessica is the mother to the child and hence she should not kill the child through abortion. Jessica’s moral standing is based on theory of moral agency because she feels it is morally wrong to kill her unborn child through abortion. Personally, I agree with theory of moral agency because I believe it is wrong to kill unborn child through abortion because every individual has the right to live regardless of disabilities.

    References

    Baumeister D. (2017). Social Conceptions of Moral Agency in Hegel and Sellars. International Journal of Philosophical Studies . 25(2), pp: 249-265.

    Buckner C. (2015). A property cluster theory of cognition.
    Philosophical Psychology Journal
    . 28(3), 307-336. Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay.

    Fadda R, Parisi M, Luca F, Saba G, Maria F et al. (2016). Exploring the Role of Theory of Mind in Moral Judgment: The Case of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
    Front Psychol
    . 7(523).

    Nilsen P. (2015). Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks.
    Implement Sci
    . 10(53).

    Panda B & Leepsa N. (2017). Agency theory: Review of Theory and Evidence on Problems and Perspectives.
    Indian Journal of Corporate Governance
    . 1(1). Case Study: Fetal Abnormality Essay

  • ENG 106 Topic 4 DQ 2

    ENG 106 Topic 4 DQ 2

    The news article I found related to the organ shortage in the world. Statistically, approximately 5000 individuals die each year from waiting for a kidney donation (Christensen, 2019). From this, I formulated three specific causes:

    1. Low amount of organ donors compared to those added to the waiting list: There are currently more than 100,000 individuals on the organ waiting list and this number is increasing (Gershlak, 2018).

    2. Long distances between donors and recipient: Long distance travel due to unbalanced graphical distribution of vascularized Composite Allotransplantation centers (Rifkin, Manjunath, Kimberly, Plana, Kantar, Bernstein, Diaz-Siso & Rodriguez, 2018)

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    3. Low knowledge about organ donation: Adolescents often have little education about organ donation at the time of receiving their driver’s license (Rodrigue, Boger, DuBay & Fleishman, 2019)

    Furthermore, I brainstormed three specific effects:

    1. Increased organ harvesting in the black market: A severe shortage of transplant donors acts as an incentive to buy organs on the black market (“Donor Shortage”, 1998) ENG 106 Topic 4 DQ 2.

    2. Death caused by the failure to obtain organ donation: Statistically, there are 21 people who die daily from lack of obtaining organs (Gershlak, 2018).

    3. Individuals suffer from decreased quality of life while waiting for an organ: For example, individuals on dialysis live with uncertainty, restrictions on freedom and mixed emotions about coping with waiting (Koons & Smeltzer, 2018) ENG 106 Topic 4 DQ 2.