Psychopharmacologic Approaches to Treatment of Psychopathology Case Study – Assessing and Treating Pediatric Clients with Mood Disorders.
Assessing and Treating Pediatric Clients With Mood Disorders
When pediatric clients present with mood disorders, the process of assessing, diagnosing, and treating them can be quite complex. Children not only present with different signs and symptoms than adult clients with the same disorders, but they also metabolize medications much differently. As a result, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners must exercise caution when prescribing psychotropic medications to these clients. For this Assignment, as you examine the client case study in this week’s Learning Resources, consider how you might assess and treat pediatric clients presenting with mood disorders. Psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment of psychopathology case study – assessing and treating pediatric clients with mood disorders.
Required
Laureate Education (2016e).
Case study: An African American child suffering from depression
[Interactive media file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Therapy for Pediatric Clients with Mood Disorders
Case study
An African American Child Suffering From Depression
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BACKGROUND INFORMATION
The client is an 8-year-old African American male who arrives at the ER with his mother. He is exhibiting signs of depression.
Client complained of feeling “sad”
Mother reports that teacher said child is withdrawn from peers in class
Mother notes decreased appetite and occasional periods of irritation
Client reached all developmental landmarks at appropriate ages
Physical exam unremarkable
Laboratory studies WNL
Child referred to psychiatry for evaluation
Client seen by Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
MENTAL STATUS EXAM
Alert & oriented X 3, speech clear, coherent, goal directed, spontaneous. Self-reported mood is “sad”. Affect somewhat blunted, but child smiled appropriately at various points throughout the clinical interview. He denies visual or auditory hallucinations. No delusional or paranoid thought processes noted. Judgment and insight appear to be age-appropriate. He is not endorsing active suicidal ideation, but does admit that he often thinks about himself being dead and what it would be like to be dead. Psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment of psychopathology case study – assessing and treating pediatric clients with mood disorders. Psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment of psychopathology case study – assessing and treating pediatric clients with mood disorders
The PMHNP administers the Children’s Depression Rating Scale, obtaining a score of 30 (indicating significant depression)
RESOURCES
Poznanski, E., & Mokros, H. (1996). Child Depression Rating Scale–Revised. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
Decision Point
Select what the PMHNP should do:
Begin Zoloft 25 mg orally daily
Begin Paxil 10 mg orally daily
Begin Wellbutrin 75 mg orally BID
I selected this decisions but choose your decision if you are able to open the above case study link
Decision Point One
Begin Zoloft 25 mg orally daily
RESULTS OF DECISION POINT ONE
Client returns to clinic in four weeks
No change in depressive symptoms at all
Decision Point Two
Increase dose to 50 mg orally daily
RESULTS OF DECISION POINT TWO
Client returns to clinic in four weeks
Depressive symptoms decrease by 50%. Cleint tolerating well
Decision Point Three
Maintain current dose
Guidance to Student
At this point, sufficient symptom reduction has been achieved. This is considered a “response” to therapy. Can continue with current dose for additional 4 week to see if any further reductions in depressive symptoms are noted. An increase in dose may be warranted since this is not “full” remission- Discuss pros/cons of increasing drug dose with client at this time and empower the client to be part of the decision. There is no indication that the drug therapy should be changed to an SNRI at this point as the client is clearly responding to this therapy. Psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment of psychopathology case study – assessing and treating pediatric clients with mood disorders.
To prepare for this Assignment:
Review the Learning Resources. Consider how to assess and treat pediatric clients requiring antidepressant therapy.
PLEASE Addressed each of the following decision points with a subtopic and use my references as much as possible or any other references used must have an in-text citation in each paragraph. All Articles used should come from USA and must be within last five years only that is from 2014 to 2018. Please do not begin a paragraph with author name(s) (PLEASE USE parenthetical/in-text citations)
The Actual Assignment
Examine
Case Study: An African American Child Suffering From Depression
. You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the medication to prescribe to this client. Be sure to consider factors that might impact the client’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.
At each decision point stop to complete the following:
Decision #1
Which decision did you select?
Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #1 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
Decision #2
Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #2 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
Decision #3
Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #3 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
Also include how ethical considerations might impact your treatment plan and communication with clients.
References/Resources
Note: All Stahl resources can be accessed through the Walden Library using this link. This link will take you to a log-in page for the Walden Library. Once you log into the library, the Stahl website will appear.
Stahl, S. M. (2013).
Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical applications
(4th ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Note:
To access the following chapters, click on the
Essential Psychopharmacology, 4th ed
tab on the Stahl Online website and select the appropriate chapter. Be sure to read all sections on the left navigation bar for each chapter. Psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment of psychopathology case study – assessing and treating pediatric clients with mood disorders.
Chapter 6, “Mood Disorders”
Chapter 7, “Antidepressants”
Stahl, S. M. (2014b).
The prescriber’s guide
(5th ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Note:
To access the following medications, click on the
The Prescriber’s Guide, 5th ed
tab on the Stahl Online website and select the appropriate chapter. Be sure to read all sections on the left navigation bar for each chapter.
Psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment of psychopathology case study – assessing and treating pediatric clients with mood disorders.
Review the following medications:
amitriptyline
bupropion
citalopram
clomipramine
desipramine
desvenlafaxine
doxepin
duloxetine
escitalopram
fluoxetine
fluvoxamine
imipramine
ketamine
mirtazapine
nortriptyline
paroxetine
selegiline
sertraline
trazodone
venlafaxine
vilazodone
vortioxetine
Magellan Health, Inc. (2013). Appropriate use of psychotropic drugs in children and adolescents: A clinical monograph. Retrieved from http://www.magellanhealth.com/media/445492/magellan-psychotropicdrugs-0203141.pdf
Rao, U. (2013). Biomarkers in pediatric depression. Depression & Anxiety, 30(9), 787–791. doi:10.1002/da.22171
Vitiello, B. (2012). Principles in using psychotropic medication in children and adolescents. In J. M. Rey (Ed.),
IACAPAP e-Textbook of Child and Adolescent Mental Health.
Geneva: International Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions. Retrieved from http://iacapap.org/wp-content/uploads/A.7-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY-072012.pdf
Poznanski, E., & Mokros, H. (1996). Child Depression Rating Scale–Revised. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services. Psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment of psychopathology case study – assessing and treating pediatric clients with mood disorders.
Optional Resources
El Marroun, H., White, T., Verhulst, F., & Tiemeier, H. (2014). Maternal use of antidepressant or anxiolytic medication during pregnancy and childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes: A systematic review.
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 23
(10), 973–992. doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0558-3
Gordon, M. S., & Melvin, G. A. (2014). Do antidepressants make children and adolescents suicidal?
Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health, 50
(11), 847–854. doi:10.1111/jpc.12655
Seedat, S. (2014). Controversies in the use of antidepressants in children and adolescents: A decade since the storm and where do we stand now?
Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 26
(2), iii–v. doi:10.2989/17280583.2014.938497. Psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment of psychopathology case study – assessing and treating pediatric clients with mood disorders.