Atrial Fibrillation Essay
Please write 1 paragraph for each of the following (total 3 paragraphs) and each paragraph shall be no less than 3 sentences and no more than 6 sentences.
Please provide proper citation with page numbers of the material you are referencing.
1. Discuss one of the following:
STEMI
, Non-
STEMI; congestive heart failure; murmurs;
ventricular tachycardia; asystole
2. What is a safe treatment plan for a patient
with Atrial Fibrillation?
3. What is a safe treatment plan to reduce a
patient’s bilateral lower extremities pitting
edema
?
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Med-Surg Assignment
Student’s Name
Institution of Affiliation
Course Name
Date
A STEMI is a classic heart attack which happens on complete blockage of the coronary artery, preventing blood supply to a huge portion of the heart muscles. The classical symptom of a STEMI is crushing pain at the center of the chest which may radiate to the jaw, the neck or left arm, accompanied by shortness of breath, dizziness, anxiety, and restlessness (Dalal et al., 2014). Also known as an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, its diagnosis can be confirmed via an EKG which is essential for all patients at high risk. The management of a STEMI is by administering aspirin followed by immediate revascularization. Clinical evidence suggests that the earlier a patient undergoes revascularization, the higher the chances of good health outcomes. When immediately identified on EKG and a STEMI protocol implemented, a patient can undergo catheterization for possible stenting or an emergency PTCA on time (Dalal et al., 2014). Atrial Fibrillation Essay.
Cardiac atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia witnessed today n primary care settings with a global prevalence of 1.8-2%. According to Lip et al., (2014), its first line of management is by administering anticoagulants such as warfarin to prevent stroke and anti-arrhythmic agents for the heart’s restoration to a normal rhythm. The major goals of managing atrial fibrillation are: to obtain rhythm control, to reduce a high heart rate (rate control), to prevent thromboembolism and heart failure and to manage the risk factors for stroke (Lip et al., 2014). Therefore, a safe treatment plan is that which achieves all the aforementioned goals with no or few adverse effects and guarantee good patient health outcomes.
The treatment plan of bilateral pitting edema depends on the cause. It can be as a result of deep venous thrombosis, heart failure, kidney failure, medications, liver disease or hypertension. It can also be mild, moderate or severe and the long term management should focus on the treatment of the underlying cause rather than the symptoms. Generally, although the goal of management is to get rid of the excess fluid in tissues by administering diuretics, a safe treatment plan is that which targets the cause, addresses prevention and follow-up (Simon, 2014). Therefore, a safe treatment plan should consider both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment strategies and have fewer adverse effects. Atrial Fibrillation Essay.
References
Dalal, J. J., Alexander, T., Banerjee, P. S., Dayasagar, V., Iyengar, S. S., Kerkar, P. G., & Mullasari, A. (2014). 2013 consensus statement for early reperfusion and pharmaco-invasive approach in patients presenting with chest pain diagnosed as STEMI (ST-elevation myocardial infarction) in an Indian setting.
Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
,
62
, 13.
Lip, G. Y., Laroche, C., Ioachim, P. M., Rasmussen, L. H., Vitali-Serdoz, L., Petrescu, L., & Tavazzi, L. (2014). Prognosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation patients by European cardiologists: one-year follow-up of the EURObservational Research Programme-Atrial Fibrillation General Registry Pilot Phase (EORP-AF Pilot registry).
European heart journal
,
35
(47), 3365-3376.
Simon, E. B. (2014). Leg edema assessment and management.
Medsurg Nursing
,
23
(1), 44-53. Atrial Fibrillation Essay